APES Unit 4 Practice Test Questions & Answers

Which layer of Earth is composed primarily of iron and nickel? a) The core b) The crust c) The asthenosphere d) The mantle - ANSWERSa) the core Subduction a) Is the result of a hot spot moving near a plate boundary b) Occurs when one plate passes under another c) Occurs when oceanic plates diverge and form volcanoes d) Is the process in transform boundaries that results in earthquakes - ANSWERSb) Occurs when one plate passes under another The Hawaiian Islands were formed a) At a divergent plate boundary b) At a hot spot c)At a convergent plate boundary d) At a transform fault - ANSWERSb) At a hot spot How far will a plate travel in 60,000 years if it moves at a net rate of 25 mm/year? a) 24 mm b) 1,500 m c) 3,000 m d) 4,800 m - ANSWERSDistance = rate x time b) 1,500 m Which rock is formed at high temperatures and pressures a) Extrusive igneous b) Intrusive igneous c) Sedimentary rock d) Metamorphic - ANSWERSd) Metamorphic An earthquake of magnitude 7.0 on the Richter scale is how much greater than an earthquake of magnitude 5.0?a) 2 b) 5 c) 10 d) 100 - ANSWERSd) 100 Acid precipitation directly causes I. erosion II. physical weathering III. chemical weathering a) I only b) I and II c) I and III d) III only - ANSWERSd) III only What are the 5 primary soil formation factors? a) climate, parent material, pH, organisms, topography b) parent material, topography, organisms, time, latitude c) parent material climate, pH, latitude, altitude d) climate, parent material, topography, organisms, time - ANSWERSd) climate, parent material, topography, organisms, time Which is the correct order of soil horizons starting at the surface? a) A, B, C, E, O b) O, A, B, C, E c) O, E, A, B, C d) O, A, E, B, C - ANSWERSd) O, A, E, B, C What time of soil would be best to add to the bottom of a constructed pond, where the goal is to have as little leakage of water as possible? a) mostly clay b) mostly silt c) mostly sand d) equal amounts of sand, silt, and clay - ANSWERSa) mostly clay Which of the following, if added to soil, would lower the base saturation? a) sodium b) potassium c) magnesium d) aluminum - ANSWERSd) aluminum - aluminum influences the acidity of the soil, it is widely used in decreasing the soil's pH especially for plants requiring this kind of saturation Tailings are a) magma ore resulting from seafloor spreading c) the remaining supply of metals on Earth c) the nutrients that leach downward in soil d) the waste material from mining - ANSWERSd) the waste material from mining Which is one of the top 3 largest rivers by volume? a) the Nile b) the Congo c) the Mississippi d) the Yellow River - ANSWERSb) the Congo