UMD BSCI 330 Exam 2 (Part I)
What are elongation factors? (transcription) - ✔️✔️use ATP hydrolysis to help RNA
poly. move along chromatin
-make sure RNA isnt falling off DNA/ skipping nucleotides
Differences between eukaryotic and prokaryotic transcription - ✔️✔️- Euk: Have 3
different RNA polymerases. Pro: only one
- Starting --- Euk: Needs general transcription factors to start transcription and position
RNA polymerase. Pro: RNA polymerase binds to promoter sequence immediately.
- Stopping --- Euk: Polyadenylation signal. Pro: terminator sequence.
- Euk: Requires post-transcriptional processing before RNA can be functional
- Euk. ONLY --- introns, spliceosomes, 7-methylguanosine cap to 5' end, nuclear export
receptor, and I believe poly-A tail
what about the DNA replication system makes it disagree with the central dogma -
✔️✔️b/c the 5' end can't be replicated since DNA polymerase needs RNA primer to
start replication..... idk what this flashcard is
Describe the central dogma - ✔️✔️DNA-replication-(more DNA)transcription-RNA-
translation-protein
What are the results of RNA transcription - ✔️✔️generation of a single-stranded RNA
molecule, complementary to ONE DNA template strand.
aka premature mRNA
what is the direction of RNA transcription - ✔️✔️5' to 3'
Prokaryotes use the info on ___ strands of DNA. Why is that a problem? - ✔️✔️must
encode info in complementary strands of DNA
what are some examples of the central dogma not applying to all cases of biological
information - ✔️✔️- retrovirus (RNA -> DNA)
- b/c reverse transcription is used to create DNA
what is the DNA sequence where transcription starts? - ✔️✔️promoter
Whats the difference in RNA polymerase for prokaryotes & eukaryotes - ✔️✔️-
prokaryotes: RNA poly. binds directly
-eukaryote: requires binding of general transcription factors that help RNA poly. start
What are elongation factors? (transcription) - ✔️✔️use ATP hydrolysis to help RNA
poly. move along chromatin
-make sure RNA isnt falling off DNA/ skipping nucleotides
Differences between eukaryotic and prokaryotic transcription - ✔️✔️- Euk: Have 3
different RNA polymerases. Pro: only one
- Starting --- Euk: Needs general transcription factors to start transcription and position
RNA polymerase. Pro: RNA polymerase binds to promoter sequence immediately.
- Stopping --- Euk: Polyadenylation signal. Pro: terminator sequence.
- Euk: Requires post-transcriptional processing before RNA can be functional
- Euk. ONLY --- introns, spliceosomes, 7-methylguanosine cap to 5' end, nuclear export
receptor, and I believe poly-A tail
what about the DNA replication system makes it disagree with the central dogma -
✔️✔️b/c the 5' end can't be replicated since DNA polymerase needs RNA primer to
start replication..... idk what this flashcard is
Describe the central dogma - ✔️✔️DNA-replication-(more DNA)transcription-RNA-
translation-protein
What are the results of RNA transcription - ✔️✔️generation of a single-stranded RNA
molecule, complementary to ONE DNA template strand.
aka premature mRNA
what is the direction of RNA transcription - ✔️✔️5' to 3'
Prokaryotes use the info on ___ strands of DNA. Why is that a problem? - ✔️✔️must
encode info in complementary strands of DNA
what are some examples of the central dogma not applying to all cases of biological
information - ✔️✔️- retrovirus (RNA -> DNA)
- b/c reverse transcription is used to create DNA
what is the DNA sequence where transcription starts? - ✔️✔️promoter
Whats the difference in RNA polymerase for prokaryotes & eukaryotes - ✔️✔️-
prokaryotes: RNA poly. binds directly
-eukaryote: requires binding of general transcription factors that help RNA poly. start
