ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE 2.1, 2.2, 2.3 TEST QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS WITH SOLUTIONS 2024

ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE 2.1, 2.2, 2.3 TEST QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS WITH SOLUTIONS 2024 Study of how resources are converted into goods and services (includes studying how goods and services are distributed and used? - ANSWER economics manufactured material and products that consumers and businesses buy ( backpacks binders tomatoes) - ANSWER Goods work that a person or company does for others as a form of business (massage butler storage plumber) - ANSWER services Government makes all decisions (e.g socialist and communist governments) - ANSWER Centrally planned economy individuals make all decisions - ANSWER Free market economy Government and individuals are involved - ANSWER Mixed economy Amount of products offered for sale at a given price - ANSWER supply amount of a product people will buy at a certain time - ANSWER demand point when the amount of products produced is equal to the demand for the product - ANSWER equilibrium comparison of what will be sacrificed to gain by a specific action - ANSWER cost benefit analysis what are some examples of cost - ANSWER mileage repairs gas what are some examples of benefits - ANSWER warranty insurance good miles per gallon what is dependent on the exploitation of resources from the natural environment - ANSWER The world economy When plants absorb sunlight and release water, they help to moderate the temperature and help maintain and even climate - ANSWER Modification of climate plants absorb water from the soil's and release it back to the atmosphere through transpiration this helps to evenly distribute water - ANSWER maintenance of the water cycle plants absorb the impact of rain and prevent break up of soil - ANSWER Erosion control and soil building Diverse array of predators a humans in ridding field of harmful pest - ANSWER pest management affects only buyers - ANSWER Internal cost or benefit involves parties other than the buyer and seller - ANSWER external cost or benefit environmental issues tend to be ___________ cost and benefits - ANSWER long-term applies the principles of earths systems to economics (includes biotic and abiotic factors, inputs and outputs are balance, economy should be stable) - ANSWER ecological economies economies can become more sustainable if environmental challenges are addressed (assign market values to ecosystem services, can be difficult to determine value) - ANSWER Environmental economies The price of goods and services - ANSWER market values values not usually included in the price of goods and services - ANSWER non-market values tells consumers which brands are made with processes that do not harm the environment - ANSWER ecolabeling A formal set of general plans and principles for addressing problems and guiding decision making - ANSWER Policy General plans and principles that addresses interactions between humans and the environment - ANSWER Environmental policy proposed law is introduced by House of Representatives or senate - ANSWER legislative Legislation is enacted or vetoed by the - ANSWER executive interprets laws - ANSWER Judicial are state and local policy the same in every state - ANSWER no 1780s to late 1800s, Management of federally open public lands, Westward expansion of US, gave settlers opportunities and relieved crowding in cities - ANSWER First period of policy late 1800s to mid 1900s, new understanding that west's Resources could be used up, protected resources of the west, national forest system, national wildlife refuge system, and national Park system - ANSWER Second period of policy