Psychology 203 (Midterm) || Already Passed.
Paradox of Progress correct answers Though the world has progressed, this brings us many
complications as individuals. Despite progress, we are not necessarily happier or healthier.
The basic challenge of modern life correct answers The search for meaning, a sense of direction,
and a personal philosophy (problem of identity, values, and a vision of the future.)
Problems with self help books correct answers Their message is too vague, not based on solid
scientific research, don't provide explicit directions for changing behaviour, encourage a
narcissistic approach to life.
What to look for in a good self-help book correct answers Clarity in communication
Realistic-don't promise too much change too soon
Author has good credentials
Has theoretical or research basis
Provide detailed, explicit direction on how to alter your behaviour
Focuses on a particular problem or behaviour
Psychology correct answers The science that studies behaviour and the physiological mental
processes that underlie it, and it is the profession that applies the accumulated knowledge of the
science to practice problems.
Adjustment correct answers The psychological process through which people manage or cope
with the demands and challenges of everyday life.
Empiricism correct answers The premise that knowledge should be acquired through
observation.
The conclusions of scientific psychology are based on... correct answers Careful, systematic
observation rather than on speculation or common sense.
Advantages of scientific approach: correct answers Clarity and precision
Relative intolerance for error
Experiment correct answers A research method in which the investigator manipulates one
(independent) variable under carefully controlled conditions, and observes whether any changes
occur in a second (dependent) variable as a result.
Independent variable correct answers A condition or event that an experimenter varies in order to
see its impact on another variable. The variable that the researcher manipulates in an experiment.
Dependent variable correct answers The variable that is thought to be affected by the
manipulations of the independent variable. It is usually the measurement of behaviour.
, The experimental group correct answers Consists of the subjects who receive some special
treatment in regard to the independent variable.
The control group correct answers Consists of the subjects who do not receive the special
treatment given to the experimental group.
Correlation coefficient correct answers A numerical index of the degree of relationship that
exists between two variables.
Positive correlations correct answers Indicate that two variables covary in the same direction.
Negative correlations correct answers Indicate that two variables covary in the opposite
direction.
Naturalistic observation correct answers Careful observation of behaviour without intervening
directly with the subjects.
Case studies correct answers In-depth investigation of any individual participant.
Surveys correct answers Structured questionnaires designed to solicit information about specific
aspects of participants' behaviour.
The third variable problem correct answers When two variables are correlated, we cannot
determine the cause and effect from the correlations alone. There could be a third variable
affecting the other 2 variables that we didn't know about.
What isn't very important to one's happiness? correct answers M- Money
A- Age
G- Gender
I- Intelligence
P- Parenthood
P- Physical attractiveness
What is somewhat important to happiness? correct answers H- Health
S- Social activity
R- Religion
C- Culture
What is very important to happiness? correct answers L- Love, marriage, relationship satisfaction
W- Work
G- Genetics and personality
Hedonic adaptation correct answers The mental scale that people use to judge the pleasantness or
unpleasantness of their experiences shift so that their natural neutral point, or baseline for
comparison, is changed.
Paradox of Progress correct answers Though the world has progressed, this brings us many
complications as individuals. Despite progress, we are not necessarily happier or healthier.
The basic challenge of modern life correct answers The search for meaning, a sense of direction,
and a personal philosophy (problem of identity, values, and a vision of the future.)
Problems with self help books correct answers Their message is too vague, not based on solid
scientific research, don't provide explicit directions for changing behaviour, encourage a
narcissistic approach to life.
What to look for in a good self-help book correct answers Clarity in communication
Realistic-don't promise too much change too soon
Author has good credentials
Has theoretical or research basis
Provide detailed, explicit direction on how to alter your behaviour
Focuses on a particular problem or behaviour
Psychology correct answers The science that studies behaviour and the physiological mental
processes that underlie it, and it is the profession that applies the accumulated knowledge of the
science to practice problems.
Adjustment correct answers The psychological process through which people manage or cope
with the demands and challenges of everyday life.
Empiricism correct answers The premise that knowledge should be acquired through
observation.
The conclusions of scientific psychology are based on... correct answers Careful, systematic
observation rather than on speculation or common sense.
Advantages of scientific approach: correct answers Clarity and precision
Relative intolerance for error
Experiment correct answers A research method in which the investigator manipulates one
(independent) variable under carefully controlled conditions, and observes whether any changes
occur in a second (dependent) variable as a result.
Independent variable correct answers A condition or event that an experimenter varies in order to
see its impact on another variable. The variable that the researcher manipulates in an experiment.
Dependent variable correct answers The variable that is thought to be affected by the
manipulations of the independent variable. It is usually the measurement of behaviour.
, The experimental group correct answers Consists of the subjects who receive some special
treatment in regard to the independent variable.
The control group correct answers Consists of the subjects who do not receive the special
treatment given to the experimental group.
Correlation coefficient correct answers A numerical index of the degree of relationship that
exists between two variables.
Positive correlations correct answers Indicate that two variables covary in the same direction.
Negative correlations correct answers Indicate that two variables covary in the opposite
direction.
Naturalistic observation correct answers Careful observation of behaviour without intervening
directly with the subjects.
Case studies correct answers In-depth investigation of any individual participant.
Surveys correct answers Structured questionnaires designed to solicit information about specific
aspects of participants' behaviour.
The third variable problem correct answers When two variables are correlated, we cannot
determine the cause and effect from the correlations alone. There could be a third variable
affecting the other 2 variables that we didn't know about.
What isn't very important to one's happiness? correct answers M- Money
A- Age
G- Gender
I- Intelligence
P- Parenthood
P- Physical attractiveness
What is somewhat important to happiness? correct answers H- Health
S- Social activity
R- Religion
C- Culture
What is very important to happiness? correct answers L- Love, marriage, relationship satisfaction
W- Work
G- Genetics and personality
Hedonic adaptation correct answers The mental scale that people use to judge the pleasantness or
unpleasantness of their experiences shift so that their natural neutral point, or baseline for
comparison, is changed.
