BIO 346 Final Review || ANSWERS RATED 100%
CORRECT
As a seed matures, what is it doing metabolically with carbohydrates? correct answers
Producing cells for the embryo for growth and endosperm for food storage
What is a seed called in terms of carbon partitioning? correct answers Sink
What hormone/growth regulator is being produced during seed development? correct answers
ABA and Ethylene
What is a seed blocked from germination called? correct answers Dormant Seed
What stimulates a seed to germinate? correct answers Abiotic Factors - light (red/far red),
water, temperature
Growth Regulators - GA
Receptors - Phytochrome
What must occur physiologically for the seed to germinate? correct answers Auxin
production must be activated; GA encourages enzymes to mobilize sugars, proteins and
minerals that are stored in the endosperm
What hormones are high in the active root apical meristem? correct answers Auxin and
cytokinin
What is the process for regulating the direction the root will grow? correct answers
Gravitotropism
What hormone regulates root cell elongation? correct answers Auxin
How does the root/shoot know its tip from its base? correct answers Polar transport of auxin
by PIN proteins
What stimulates the shoot to grow, green up and produce leaves? Receptor? correct answers
Stimulus: Red/Far Red Light
Receptor: Phytochrome
What stimulates the seedling to grow into the light? Receptor? correct answers Stimulus:
Blue Light
Receptor: Phototropin
What force powers the elongation of cells? correct answers Pressure
What process allows the seedling to grow away from its older siblings? correct answers
Shade Avoidance
How are the elongating cells instructed to grow in desired directions? correct answers pH
change in cell wall proteins
, How do leaves tell the rest of the plant when they are being infected with a bacterial
pathogen? correct answers Jasmonic Acid and Salicylic Acid
What is the flowering hormone? Where does it come from in the plant? Where in the plant
does it cause change? correct answers Florigen
Produced in the leaves
Acts in the shoot apical meristem by creating reproductive leaves (petals)
What system moves the carbohydrates around the plant? In what form? correct answers
Phloem in the form of sugar
As leaves get older what hormone likely is decreasing as they start to abscise? correct
answers Auxin, cytokinin and GA
What hormone is likely increasing to induce leaves to abscise? correct answers Ethylene
Where are extra carbohydrates stored at the cellular level? Organ level? correct answers As
starch in amyloplasts, plastids in chloroplasts
How do the stomata know when to open? correct answers Guard cells become uneven when
they take up too much water and cause the stomata to open
What are photosynthesizing leaves called in terms of carbon partitioning? correct answers
Source
General Process of Gene Expression correct answers Transcription
RNA Processing - capping, polyadenylation, splicing
Translation
Post-transcriptional processing - protein folding, protein cleavage and modification, protein
degradation
Protein activation
Reverse Genetics correct answers discovering gene function from a genetic sequence
Genotype to Phenotype
Forward Genetics correct answers Traditional approach to the study of gene function that
begins with a phenotype (a mutant organism) and proceeds to a gene that encodes the
phenotype.
Phototropism correct answers The growth of a plant toward a light source
What factors limit cell growth? How is that limitation relieved? correct answers Cell's size is
limited to a surface area to volume, which can be increased with auxin which allow the cells
to become elastic. More elastic cells can absorb more water and grow longer
What is the receptor for phototropism in seedlings? correct answers Phototropin (PHOT)
What happens in the seedling to produce the tropism and how does that signal happen?
correct answers Starch is broken down in the endosperm to allow sucrose, proteins and
minerals to be used by the embryo to grow. Seedlings take up water from the environment.
CORRECT
As a seed matures, what is it doing metabolically with carbohydrates? correct answers
Producing cells for the embryo for growth and endosperm for food storage
What is a seed called in terms of carbon partitioning? correct answers Sink
What hormone/growth regulator is being produced during seed development? correct answers
ABA and Ethylene
What is a seed blocked from germination called? correct answers Dormant Seed
What stimulates a seed to germinate? correct answers Abiotic Factors - light (red/far red),
water, temperature
Growth Regulators - GA
Receptors - Phytochrome
What must occur physiologically for the seed to germinate? correct answers Auxin
production must be activated; GA encourages enzymes to mobilize sugars, proteins and
minerals that are stored in the endosperm
What hormones are high in the active root apical meristem? correct answers Auxin and
cytokinin
What is the process for regulating the direction the root will grow? correct answers
Gravitotropism
What hormone regulates root cell elongation? correct answers Auxin
How does the root/shoot know its tip from its base? correct answers Polar transport of auxin
by PIN proteins
What stimulates the shoot to grow, green up and produce leaves? Receptor? correct answers
Stimulus: Red/Far Red Light
Receptor: Phytochrome
What stimulates the seedling to grow into the light? Receptor? correct answers Stimulus:
Blue Light
Receptor: Phototropin
What force powers the elongation of cells? correct answers Pressure
What process allows the seedling to grow away from its older siblings? correct answers
Shade Avoidance
How are the elongating cells instructed to grow in desired directions? correct answers pH
change in cell wall proteins
, How do leaves tell the rest of the plant when they are being infected with a bacterial
pathogen? correct answers Jasmonic Acid and Salicylic Acid
What is the flowering hormone? Where does it come from in the plant? Where in the plant
does it cause change? correct answers Florigen
Produced in the leaves
Acts in the shoot apical meristem by creating reproductive leaves (petals)
What system moves the carbohydrates around the plant? In what form? correct answers
Phloem in the form of sugar
As leaves get older what hormone likely is decreasing as they start to abscise? correct
answers Auxin, cytokinin and GA
What hormone is likely increasing to induce leaves to abscise? correct answers Ethylene
Where are extra carbohydrates stored at the cellular level? Organ level? correct answers As
starch in amyloplasts, plastids in chloroplasts
How do the stomata know when to open? correct answers Guard cells become uneven when
they take up too much water and cause the stomata to open
What are photosynthesizing leaves called in terms of carbon partitioning? correct answers
Source
General Process of Gene Expression correct answers Transcription
RNA Processing - capping, polyadenylation, splicing
Translation
Post-transcriptional processing - protein folding, protein cleavage and modification, protein
degradation
Protein activation
Reverse Genetics correct answers discovering gene function from a genetic sequence
Genotype to Phenotype
Forward Genetics correct answers Traditional approach to the study of gene function that
begins with a phenotype (a mutant organism) and proceeds to a gene that encodes the
phenotype.
Phototropism correct answers The growth of a plant toward a light source
What factors limit cell growth? How is that limitation relieved? correct answers Cell's size is
limited to a surface area to volume, which can be increased with auxin which allow the cells
to become elastic. More elastic cells can absorb more water and grow longer
What is the receptor for phototropism in seedlings? correct answers Phototropin (PHOT)
What happens in the seedling to produce the tropism and how does that signal happen?
correct answers Starch is broken down in the endosperm to allow sucrose, proteins and
minerals to be used by the embryo to grow. Seedlings take up water from the environment.
