APES Review 1 Earth Systems and
Resources Exam Questions and
Answers
earth's interior - Answer-solid crust, semi-solid mantle, liquid core, solid core
lithosphere - Answer-the solid part of the earth consisting of the crust and outer mantle
tectonic plates - Answer-Sections of the Earth's crust that move due to convection
currents.
oceanic plate - Answer-This is a tectonic plate that is a thinner, denser and heavier type
continental plate - Answer-Thicker but lighter plate that makes up most continents
plate boundaries - Answer-the edges of tectonic plates.
convergent - Answer-a boundary where earth's tectonic plates move toward each other.
This causes a collision or subduction. This will result in the formation of volcanoes and
mountain ranges.
divergent - Answer-plates move apart
transform - Answer-Plates slide past each other
subduction - Answer-a geological process in which one edge of a crustal plate is forced
sideways and downward into the mantle below another plate
focus - Answer-The point beneath Earth's surface where rock breaks under stress and
causes an earthquake
epicenter - Answer-the point on the Earth's surface directly above the focus of an
earthquake
seismograph - Answer-a measuring instrument for detecting and measuring the
intensity and direction and duration of movements of the ground (as an earthquake)
richter scale - Answer-a scale that rates an earthquake's magnitude based on the size
of its seismic waves
tsunami - Answer-a huge destructive wave (especially one caused by an earthquake)
earth's tilt - Answer-23.5°, the reason we have seasons
, albedo - Answer-percent of solar radiation reflected by a surface, dark surfaces have
low
atmospheric nitrogen - Answer-78%
atmospheric oxygen - Answer-21%
atmospheric carbon dioxide - Answer-0.04%
troposphere - Answer-first layer of atmosphere. Contains weather, greenhouse gases
(bad ozone).
stratosphere - Answer-the layer of the atmosphere that contains the ozone layer;
temperature increases as you go up
mesosphere - Answer-the layer of the atmosphere between the stratosphere and the
thermosphere and in which temperature decreases as altitude increases
thermosphere - Answer-the outermost shell of the atmosphere, between the
mesosphere and outer space, where temperatures increase steadily with altitude.
weather - Answer-the meteorological conditions: temperature and wind and clouds and
precipitation
climate - Answer-the weather in some location averaged over some long period of time
wind - Answer-air moving (sometimes with considerable force) from an area of high
pressure to an area of low pressure
convection current - Answer-the movement of a fluid, caused by differences in
temperature, that transfers heat from one part of the fluid to another
dew point - Answer-the temperature at which the water vapor in the air becomes
saturated and condensation begins
hadley cells - Answer-convection current in the atmosphere that cycles between the
equator and 30° N and 30° S.
trade winds - Answer-prevailing winds that blow from east to west from 30 degrees
latitude to the equator in both hemispheres
horse latitudes - Answer-a relatively calm area located near both 30 degrees latitudes
where cool air sinks
doldrums - Answer-calm, windless part of the ocean near the equator
Resources Exam Questions and
Answers
earth's interior - Answer-solid crust, semi-solid mantle, liquid core, solid core
lithosphere - Answer-the solid part of the earth consisting of the crust and outer mantle
tectonic plates - Answer-Sections of the Earth's crust that move due to convection
currents.
oceanic plate - Answer-This is a tectonic plate that is a thinner, denser and heavier type
continental plate - Answer-Thicker but lighter plate that makes up most continents
plate boundaries - Answer-the edges of tectonic plates.
convergent - Answer-a boundary where earth's tectonic plates move toward each other.
This causes a collision or subduction. This will result in the formation of volcanoes and
mountain ranges.
divergent - Answer-plates move apart
transform - Answer-Plates slide past each other
subduction - Answer-a geological process in which one edge of a crustal plate is forced
sideways and downward into the mantle below another plate
focus - Answer-The point beneath Earth's surface where rock breaks under stress and
causes an earthquake
epicenter - Answer-the point on the Earth's surface directly above the focus of an
earthquake
seismograph - Answer-a measuring instrument for detecting and measuring the
intensity and direction and duration of movements of the ground (as an earthquake)
richter scale - Answer-a scale that rates an earthquake's magnitude based on the size
of its seismic waves
tsunami - Answer-a huge destructive wave (especially one caused by an earthquake)
earth's tilt - Answer-23.5°, the reason we have seasons
, albedo - Answer-percent of solar radiation reflected by a surface, dark surfaces have
low
atmospheric nitrogen - Answer-78%
atmospheric oxygen - Answer-21%
atmospheric carbon dioxide - Answer-0.04%
troposphere - Answer-first layer of atmosphere. Contains weather, greenhouse gases
(bad ozone).
stratosphere - Answer-the layer of the atmosphere that contains the ozone layer;
temperature increases as you go up
mesosphere - Answer-the layer of the atmosphere between the stratosphere and the
thermosphere and in which temperature decreases as altitude increases
thermosphere - Answer-the outermost shell of the atmosphere, between the
mesosphere and outer space, where temperatures increase steadily with altitude.
weather - Answer-the meteorological conditions: temperature and wind and clouds and
precipitation
climate - Answer-the weather in some location averaged over some long period of time
wind - Answer-air moving (sometimes with considerable force) from an area of high
pressure to an area of low pressure
convection current - Answer-the movement of a fluid, caused by differences in
temperature, that transfers heat from one part of the fluid to another
dew point - Answer-the temperature at which the water vapor in the air becomes
saturated and condensation begins
hadley cells - Answer-convection current in the atmosphere that cycles between the
equator and 30° N and 30° S.
trade winds - Answer-prevailing winds that blow from east to west from 30 degrees
latitude to the equator in both hemispheres
horse latitudes - Answer-a relatively calm area located near both 30 degrees latitudes
where cool air sinks
doldrums - Answer-calm, windless part of the ocean near the equator
