NU 201 Exam 1 Questions And Accurate Answers
When is the bladder ever completely empty? - ANSWER The last few seconds of
micturition because increased intravesicular pressure keeps urine in the ureters and
allows the bladder to fully empty
What are the 3 steps of urine formation? - ANSWER filtration, reabsorption, secretion
Name substances that may be excreted in the urine? - ANSWER Na, Cl, K, glucose, urea,
bicarb, creatinine and uric acid
T/F- Renal glycosuria is due to poorly controlled DM - ANSWER Not always true, at times
it is a benign condition in the absence of DM
The large majority of filtrate is secreted as urine or reabsorbed into the bloodstream? -
ANSWER 99% is reabsorbed into bloodstream, the 1% makes the urine
Excessive water intake ________________ ADH secretion - ANSWER suppresses
When the pressure in the renal arterioles falls, _______________is activated - ANSWER
RAA system
How does the kidney control acid/ base balance? - ANSWER -Release acid in urine by
buffering it with ammonia (remember only CO2 can be excreted by the lungs)
-Reabsorb and make bicarb as needed
One major cause of ______________________ - ANSWER HTN is breakdown of the
feedback mechanism of the vasa recta's ability to recognize that the pressure has
increased.
, A 24 hour urine collection can evaluate__________________ - ANSWER renal clearance, or
the ability of the kidneys to clear solutes from the plasma.
How is creatinine related to GFR? - ANSWER Creatinine clearance is a good measure of
GFR because it is filtered through the glomerulus.
As renal function declines, creatinine clearance ______________ and renal clearance
_______________ - ANSWER decrease and decrease
How does the kidney respond to hypoxemia? - ANSWER It releases Erythropoeitin,
which stimulates the bone marrow to produce more RBCs
Why would a person with chronic kidney disease be recommended to supplement with
Vitamin D? - ANSWER If the kidney is not working correctly it is unable to convert
Vitamin D into it's active form
How does the break down of protein appear in urine? - ANSWER As urea
How does the breakdown of purines appear in urine? - ANSWER Uric acid
T/F- Vasopressin is released during sleep - ANSWER Yes due to absence of fluid intake
the body reduces urine production, which becomes more concentrated vasoconstrictor
and bladder contractility decreases with age, which explains the occurrence of nocturia
amongst older adults
Explain high voiding pressure - ANSWER -Usual finding with BPH
-Due to bladder outlet obstruction
-high pressure makes it harder to initiate the flow of urine and to continue the flow
What is the consequence on bladder control following spinal damage? - ANS The patient
When is the bladder ever completely empty? - ANSWER The last few seconds of
micturition because increased intravesicular pressure keeps urine in the ureters and
allows the bladder to fully empty
What are the 3 steps of urine formation? - ANSWER filtration, reabsorption, secretion
Name substances that may be excreted in the urine? - ANSWER Na, Cl, K, glucose, urea,
bicarb, creatinine and uric acid
T/F- Renal glycosuria is due to poorly controlled DM - ANSWER Not always true, at times
it is a benign condition in the absence of DM
The large majority of filtrate is secreted as urine or reabsorbed into the bloodstream? -
ANSWER 99% is reabsorbed into bloodstream, the 1% makes the urine
Excessive water intake ________________ ADH secretion - ANSWER suppresses
When the pressure in the renal arterioles falls, _______________is activated - ANSWER
RAA system
How does the kidney control acid/ base balance? - ANSWER -Release acid in urine by
buffering it with ammonia (remember only CO2 can be excreted by the lungs)
-Reabsorb and make bicarb as needed
One major cause of ______________________ - ANSWER HTN is breakdown of the
feedback mechanism of the vasa recta's ability to recognize that the pressure has
increased.
, A 24 hour urine collection can evaluate__________________ - ANSWER renal clearance, or
the ability of the kidneys to clear solutes from the plasma.
How is creatinine related to GFR? - ANSWER Creatinine clearance is a good measure of
GFR because it is filtered through the glomerulus.
As renal function declines, creatinine clearance ______________ and renal clearance
_______________ - ANSWER decrease and decrease
How does the kidney respond to hypoxemia? - ANSWER It releases Erythropoeitin,
which stimulates the bone marrow to produce more RBCs
Why would a person with chronic kidney disease be recommended to supplement with
Vitamin D? - ANSWER If the kidney is not working correctly it is unable to convert
Vitamin D into it's active form
How does the break down of protein appear in urine? - ANSWER As urea
How does the breakdown of purines appear in urine? - ANSWER Uric acid
T/F- Vasopressin is released during sleep - ANSWER Yes due to absence of fluid intake
the body reduces urine production, which becomes more concentrated vasoconstrictor
and bladder contractility decreases with age, which explains the occurrence of nocturia
amongst older adults
Explain high voiding pressure - ANSWER -Usual finding with BPH
-Due to bladder outlet obstruction
-high pressure makes it harder to initiate the flow of urine and to continue the flow
What is the consequence on bladder control following spinal damage? - ANS The patient
