Chronic Bronchitis Hallmark Symptoms - Answer-Chronic productive cough
/.Emphysema hallmark symptoms - Answer-wheezing and dyspnea
/.How is COPD diagnosed? - Answer-Spirometry (FEV1/FVC ratio < 70%)
/.COPD Group A - Answer-· 0-1 moderate exacerbations but no hospitalization, CAT
score <10
Treat with bronchodilator, typically LABA
/.COPD Group B - Answer-· 0-1 moderate exacerbations but no hospitalization, CAT
score >10
Treat with LABA - LAMA
/.COPD Group E - Answer-· 2 or more moderate exacerbations or 1 exacerbation that
leads to hospitalization
Treat with LABA - LAMA + ICS
REFER THESE PATIENTS
/.LAMA - Answer-LAMA is long acting muscarinic antagonist; end in -pium like
tiotropium; anticholergic effects
/.LABA - Answer-LABA: most have slower onset of action; however, formoterol is an
exception; used as a solo drug in group A and used in combination group B and E -
COPD patients
/.COPD mild exacerbation - Answer-SABA and oral steroid like prednisone
/.COPD Moderate exacerbation - Answer-SABA + antibiotics (macrolide or tetracycline)
/.COPD severe exacerbation - Answer-Send to the hospital!
/.Most common lung cancer symptom - Answer-chronic cough!
/.Pneumonia physcial exam findings - Answer-increased tactile fremitus and egophony
/.MAD pneumonic for pneumonia treatment - Answer-MAD pneumonic for healthy adults
in outpatient setting!
Macrolide, amoxicillin, and doxycycline
o Macrolides like azithromycin are great for mycoplasma pneumonia
o Amoxicillin - example is Augmentin
/.Emphysema hallmark symptoms - Answer-wheezing and dyspnea
/.How is COPD diagnosed? - Answer-Spirometry (FEV1/FVC ratio < 70%)
/.COPD Group A - Answer-· 0-1 moderate exacerbations but no hospitalization, CAT
score <10
Treat with bronchodilator, typically LABA
/.COPD Group B - Answer-· 0-1 moderate exacerbations but no hospitalization, CAT
score >10
Treat with LABA - LAMA
/.COPD Group E - Answer-· 2 or more moderate exacerbations or 1 exacerbation that
leads to hospitalization
Treat with LABA - LAMA + ICS
REFER THESE PATIENTS
/.LAMA - Answer-LAMA is long acting muscarinic antagonist; end in -pium like
tiotropium; anticholergic effects
/.LABA - Answer-LABA: most have slower onset of action; however, formoterol is an
exception; used as a solo drug in group A and used in combination group B and E -
COPD patients
/.COPD mild exacerbation - Answer-SABA and oral steroid like prednisone
/.COPD Moderate exacerbation - Answer-SABA + antibiotics (macrolide or tetracycline)
/.COPD severe exacerbation - Answer-Send to the hospital!
/.Most common lung cancer symptom - Answer-chronic cough!
/.Pneumonia physcial exam findings - Answer-increased tactile fremitus and egophony
/.MAD pneumonic for pneumonia treatment - Answer-MAD pneumonic for healthy adults
in outpatient setting!
Macrolide, amoxicillin, and doxycycline
o Macrolides like azithromycin are great for mycoplasma pneumonia
o Amoxicillin - example is Augmentin
