ATI TEAS- Science: gastrointestinal
system
gastrointestinal system aka - correct answer ✔✔digestive (alimentary canal)
opening of the rectum from which solid waste is expelled - correct answer ✔✔anus
mass of food that has been chewed and swallowed - correct answer ✔✔bolus
semifluid mass of partly digested food that moves from the stomach to the small intestine - correct
answer ✔✔chyme
break down of food by enzymes for absorption - correct answer ✔✔enzymatic digestion
organ that stores bile - correct answer ✔✔gall bladder
also known as the colon; where vitamins and water are absorbed before feces is stored prior to
elimination - correct answer ✔✔large intestine
organ that produces billed regulates glycogen storage, and performs other bodily functions - correct
answer ✔✔liver
oral cavity at the entry to t eh alimentary canal - correct answer ✔✔mouth
gland of the digestive and endocrine systems that produces insulin and secretes pancreatic juices -
correct answer ✔✔pancreas
series of muscle contractions that move food through the digestive tract - correct answer ✔✔peristalsis
, last section of the large intestine, ending in the anus - correct answer ✔✔rectum
part of the GI tract between the stomach and large intestine that includes the duodenum, jejunum, and
ileum, where digestion and absorption of food occurs - correct answer ✔✔small intestine
organ between the esophagus and small intestine in which a major portion of digestion occurs - correct
answer ✔✔stomach
gastrointestinal system starts at the _______ and ends at the ________ - correct answer ✔✔mouth,
anus
after food is ingested, ___________ __________ by chewing and grinding in the mouth increases surface
area by breaking it down to smaller pieces - correct answer ✔✔mechanical digestion
provides amylase & lipase to initiation chemical digestion of starch and lipids - correct answer ✔✔saliva
as food passes through the pharynx, the ___________ closes the tracheal opening, and some food
passes into the esophagus - correct answer ✔✔epiglottis
prevents reflect of food back into the esophagus - correct answer ✔✔gastric sphincter
_______________ __________ of proteins initiated in the stomach by the action of the enzyme pepsin -
correct answer ✔✔chemical digestion
3 main secretions of the stomach - correct answer ✔✔pepsinogen (chief cells), mucus (goblet cells),
hydrochloric acid (parietal cells)
first part of the small intestine - correct answer ✔✔duodenum
in the __________, chyme is neutralized by bicarbonate in pancreatic secretions; it receives alkaline bile
juices from the gall bladder which helps neutralize acid chyme - correct answer ✔✔duodenum
system
gastrointestinal system aka - correct answer ✔✔digestive (alimentary canal)
opening of the rectum from which solid waste is expelled - correct answer ✔✔anus
mass of food that has been chewed and swallowed - correct answer ✔✔bolus
semifluid mass of partly digested food that moves from the stomach to the small intestine - correct
answer ✔✔chyme
break down of food by enzymes for absorption - correct answer ✔✔enzymatic digestion
organ that stores bile - correct answer ✔✔gall bladder
also known as the colon; where vitamins and water are absorbed before feces is stored prior to
elimination - correct answer ✔✔large intestine
organ that produces billed regulates glycogen storage, and performs other bodily functions - correct
answer ✔✔liver
oral cavity at the entry to t eh alimentary canal - correct answer ✔✔mouth
gland of the digestive and endocrine systems that produces insulin and secretes pancreatic juices -
correct answer ✔✔pancreas
series of muscle contractions that move food through the digestive tract - correct answer ✔✔peristalsis
, last section of the large intestine, ending in the anus - correct answer ✔✔rectum
part of the GI tract between the stomach and large intestine that includes the duodenum, jejunum, and
ileum, where digestion and absorption of food occurs - correct answer ✔✔small intestine
organ between the esophagus and small intestine in which a major portion of digestion occurs - correct
answer ✔✔stomach
gastrointestinal system starts at the _______ and ends at the ________ - correct answer ✔✔mouth,
anus
after food is ingested, ___________ __________ by chewing and grinding in the mouth increases surface
area by breaking it down to smaller pieces - correct answer ✔✔mechanical digestion
provides amylase & lipase to initiation chemical digestion of starch and lipids - correct answer ✔✔saliva
as food passes through the pharynx, the ___________ closes the tracheal opening, and some food
passes into the esophagus - correct answer ✔✔epiglottis
prevents reflect of food back into the esophagus - correct answer ✔✔gastric sphincter
_______________ __________ of proteins initiated in the stomach by the action of the enzyme pepsin -
correct answer ✔✔chemical digestion
3 main secretions of the stomach - correct answer ✔✔pepsinogen (chief cells), mucus (goblet cells),
hydrochloric acid (parietal cells)
first part of the small intestine - correct answer ✔✔duodenum
in the __________, chyme is neutralized by bicarbonate in pancreatic secretions; it receives alkaline bile
juices from the gall bladder which helps neutralize acid chyme - correct answer ✔✔duodenum
