N618 Patho Exam 3 questions with correct answers
A patient with a systemic infection has been given strong doses of
broad-spectrum antibiotics for a period of 10 days. The infection
recedes, and he is taken off the antibiotic therapy. Two days later he
presents with a Clostridium difficile infection. How is this possible?
A) The antibiotics were not specific enough, and Clostridium difficile
was allowed to survive.
B) It's a separate infection and just happens to occur close to the time of
the previous infection.
C) Broad-spectrum antibiotics can disrupt the microbial balance and
allow overgrowth.
D) It's not a problem; Clostridium difficile is a positive bacteria that is
used in probiotic therapy. Correct Answer-C) Broad-spectrum
antibiotics can disrupt the microbial balance and allow overgrowth.
A 79-year-old male resident of a long-term-care facility has contracted
Clostridium difficile and is experiencing consequent diarrhea.
Auscultation of the man's abdomen indicates hyperactive bowel sounds.
What processes in the man's small intestine is most likely accompanying
his current status?
A) Pathogenic microorganisms are causing dilation of his small
intestine, increasing motility.
B) Segmentation waves have become more frequent as a result of his
infection.
C) Intestinal stasis brought on by infection is preventing his small
intestine from sufficiently slowing the rate of motility.
,D) Inflammation is accompanied by an increase in peristaltic movements
of his small intestine. Correct Answer-D) Inflammation is accompanied
by an increase in peristaltic movements of his small intestine.
A number of clients on a subacute medical floor of a hospital have
developed foul- smelling diarrhea over the last several days, and
subsequent culture of stool samples has confirmed the presence of
Clostridium difficile in each case. The care team on the unit would
recognize that which of the following factors likely contributed to the
health problem and would anticipate which of the following treatments?
A) The use of broad spectrum antibiotics likely played a role in the
developments of the infections, and most clients would likely receive
metronidazole as a treatment.
B) Genetic predisposition and the presence of the bacterium in clients'
normal flora likely contributed, and treatment would consist of broad-
spectrum antibiotics.
C) Poor handwashing practice on the part of care providers led to the
outbreak, and treatment will consist of hydration and nutritional support.
D) Ingestion of contaminated food probably Correct Answer-A) The use
of broad spectrum antibiotics likely played a role in the developments of
the infections, and most clients would likely receive metronidazole as a
treatment.
A 24-year-old man who is currently in a rehabilitation facility following
a spinal cord injury at T2 is discussing his longer-term options for
continence management with his care provider. Which of the following
statements by the client would his care provider feel most demonstrates
a clear understanding of the issue?
, A) "Self-catheterization can limit the recovery of my neural pathways
that control my voiding if I do it too often."
B) "It's critical that intermittent catheterization be performed using
sterile technique."
C) "An indwelling catheter certainly would work well, but it comes with
a number of risks and possible complications."
D) "An indwelling urethral catheter is the option that best minimizes my
chance of a urinary tract infection." Correct Answer-C) "An indwelling
catheter certainly would work well, but it comes with a number of risks
and possible complications."
A gastroenterologist is teaching a group of medical students about the
enteric nervous system in preparation for a consult on client who has
suffered a spinal cord injury. Which of the physician's teaching points is
most accurate?
A) "The myenteric plexus is responsible for controlling the function of
each segment of the intestinal tract."
B) "The enteric nervous system is made up of the myenteric and
submucosal plexuses; these are located in the wall of the GI tract."
C) "Sympathetic innervation of much of the GI tract occurs by way of
the vagus nerve."
D) "Parasympathetic stimulation blocks the release of the excitatory
neuromediators and inhibits GI motility." Correct Answer-B) "The
enteric nervous system is made up of the myenteric and submucosal
plexuses; these are located in the wall of the GI tract."
A male client complaining of chronic cramping, bloating, and diarrhea
has been determined to have a deficiency in brush border enzymes
A patient with a systemic infection has been given strong doses of
broad-spectrum antibiotics for a period of 10 days. The infection
recedes, and he is taken off the antibiotic therapy. Two days later he
presents with a Clostridium difficile infection. How is this possible?
A) The antibiotics were not specific enough, and Clostridium difficile
was allowed to survive.
B) It's a separate infection and just happens to occur close to the time of
the previous infection.
C) Broad-spectrum antibiotics can disrupt the microbial balance and
allow overgrowth.
D) It's not a problem; Clostridium difficile is a positive bacteria that is
used in probiotic therapy. Correct Answer-C) Broad-spectrum
antibiotics can disrupt the microbial balance and allow overgrowth.
A 79-year-old male resident of a long-term-care facility has contracted
Clostridium difficile and is experiencing consequent diarrhea.
Auscultation of the man's abdomen indicates hyperactive bowel sounds.
What processes in the man's small intestine is most likely accompanying
his current status?
A) Pathogenic microorganisms are causing dilation of his small
intestine, increasing motility.
B) Segmentation waves have become more frequent as a result of his
infection.
C) Intestinal stasis brought on by infection is preventing his small
intestine from sufficiently slowing the rate of motility.
,D) Inflammation is accompanied by an increase in peristaltic movements
of his small intestine. Correct Answer-D) Inflammation is accompanied
by an increase in peristaltic movements of his small intestine.
A number of clients on a subacute medical floor of a hospital have
developed foul- smelling diarrhea over the last several days, and
subsequent culture of stool samples has confirmed the presence of
Clostridium difficile in each case. The care team on the unit would
recognize that which of the following factors likely contributed to the
health problem and would anticipate which of the following treatments?
A) The use of broad spectrum antibiotics likely played a role in the
developments of the infections, and most clients would likely receive
metronidazole as a treatment.
B) Genetic predisposition and the presence of the bacterium in clients'
normal flora likely contributed, and treatment would consist of broad-
spectrum antibiotics.
C) Poor handwashing practice on the part of care providers led to the
outbreak, and treatment will consist of hydration and nutritional support.
D) Ingestion of contaminated food probably Correct Answer-A) The use
of broad spectrum antibiotics likely played a role in the developments of
the infections, and most clients would likely receive metronidazole as a
treatment.
A 24-year-old man who is currently in a rehabilitation facility following
a spinal cord injury at T2 is discussing his longer-term options for
continence management with his care provider. Which of the following
statements by the client would his care provider feel most demonstrates
a clear understanding of the issue?
, A) "Self-catheterization can limit the recovery of my neural pathways
that control my voiding if I do it too often."
B) "It's critical that intermittent catheterization be performed using
sterile technique."
C) "An indwelling catheter certainly would work well, but it comes with
a number of risks and possible complications."
D) "An indwelling urethral catheter is the option that best minimizes my
chance of a urinary tract infection." Correct Answer-C) "An indwelling
catheter certainly would work well, but it comes with a number of risks
and possible complications."
A gastroenterologist is teaching a group of medical students about the
enteric nervous system in preparation for a consult on client who has
suffered a spinal cord injury. Which of the physician's teaching points is
most accurate?
A) "The myenteric plexus is responsible for controlling the function of
each segment of the intestinal tract."
B) "The enteric nervous system is made up of the myenteric and
submucosal plexuses; these are located in the wall of the GI tract."
C) "Sympathetic innervation of much of the GI tract occurs by way of
the vagus nerve."
D) "Parasympathetic stimulation blocks the release of the excitatory
neuromediators and inhibits GI motility." Correct Answer-B) "The
enteric nervous system is made up of the myenteric and submucosal
plexuses; these are located in the wall of the GI tract."
A male client complaining of chronic cramping, bloating, and diarrhea
has been determined to have a deficiency in brush border enzymes
