MICROBIOLOGY QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS, A+
GURANTEED
What is the concept of spontaneous generation?-Answer living organisms could develop from nonliving
or decomposing matter
Who challenged the concept of spontaneous generation by showing that maggots on decaying meat
came from flies, not from the meat itself?-Answer Francesco Redi
Who showed that mutton broth boiled in flasks and then sealed could still develop microorganisms,
which supported the theory of spontaneous generation?-Answer John Needham
Who showed that flasks sealed and then boiled had no growth of microorganisms?-Answer Lazzaro
Spallanzani
Who proposed that air carried germs?-Answer Spallanzani
Who disproved the theory of spontaneous generation?-Answer Louis Pasteur
Who demonstrated that dust carried microbes and proved evidence for the existence of heat- resistant
forms of bacteria?-Answer John Tyndall
Who showed that a silkworm disease was caused by a fungus?-Answer Agostino Bassi
Who demonstrated that the Great Potato Blight was caused by a water mold?-Answer M. J. Berkely
Who showed that the pebrine disease of silkworms was caused by a protozoan parasite?-Answer Louis
Pasteur
,Who developed a system of surgery designed to prevent microorganisms from entering wounds?-
Answer John Lister
Who transformed the practice of surgery?-Answer John Lister
Who established the relationship between Bacillus anthracis and anthrax?-Answer Robert Koch
What are the Koch Postulates?-Answer 1.The microorganisms must be present in every case of the
disease but absent from healthy individuals
2. The suspected microorganisms must be isolated and grown in pure culture
3. The same disease must result when the isolated microorganism is inoculated into a healthy host
4. The same microorganism must be isolated again from the diseased host
Limitations of Koch's Postulates-Answer -Some organisms cannot be grown in pure culture
-Using humans in completing the postulates is unethical
-Molecular and genetic evidence may replace
What vaccination did Edward Jenner make?-Answer smallpox vaccination
What vaccinations did Pasteur produce?-Answer chicken cholera, rabies and anthrax
Who induced formation of dipped toxin-antitoxins rabbits-Answer Emil von Behring and Shibasaburo
Kitasato?
Who showed that the silkworm disease was caused by fungus?-Answer Bassi
Who demonstrated that the Great Potato Blight of Ireland was caused by a water mold?-Answer M.J.
Berkeley
,Who showed that the perbrine disease of silkworms was caused by a protozoan parasite?-Answer Louis
Pasteur
A simple morphology and lack a true membrane-delimited nucleus-Answer prokaryotes
What is a morphologically complex and has a membrane-enclosed nucleus?-Answer Eukaryotes
What led to the discovery of viruses as disease causing agents?-Answer bacterial filter that removed
bacteria and larger microbes (Charles Chamberland)
The five kingdom classification scheme is-Answer the Monera or Procaryotae, Protista, Fungi, Animalia,
and Plantae
What are ribozymes?-Answer RNA molecules that form peptide bonds and perform cellular work and
replication
The three domain scheme is-Answer Bacteria, Archaea, and Eucarya
The three domain scheme is based on?-Answer a comparison of ribosomal RNA
The earliest cells may have been-Answer RNA surrounded by liposomes
What are the three bacterial morphology?-Answer -bacillus (little rod)
-coccus (grain or berry)
-spirillum (coiled or helical)
What are the types of light microscopes?-Answer -bright-field microscope
-Dark-field microscope
-Phase-contrast microscope
-fluorescence microscopes
, What is a measure of how greatly a substance slows the velocity of light?-Answer Refractive index
The direction and magnitude of bending light in a microscope is determined by the _____-Answer
refractive indexes of the two media forming the interface
Which microscope produces a dark image against a brighter background?-Answer the bright-field
microscope
What is the product of the magnifications of the ocular lens and the objective lens?-Answer the total
magnification
What is the total magnification of the bright field, dark field, and phase-contrast microscopes?-Answer
2000x
What is the total resolution of the bright field, dark field, and phase contrast microscopes?-Answer
0.2um
What is the purpose of the bright field microscope?-Answer for live and preserved stained specimens
What is the purpose of the dark field microscope?-Answer to observe living, unstained preparations
Which microscopes are good for observing living cells?-Answer -The Differential Interference Contrast
Microscope
-Phase-contrast microscope
Which microscope enhances the contrast between intracellular structures having slight differences in
the refractive index?-Answer phase-contrast microscope
Which microscope shows a bright image of the object resulting from the fluorescent light emitted by the
specimen?-Answer the fluorescence microscope
GURANTEED
What is the concept of spontaneous generation?-Answer living organisms could develop from nonliving
or decomposing matter
Who challenged the concept of spontaneous generation by showing that maggots on decaying meat
came from flies, not from the meat itself?-Answer Francesco Redi
Who showed that mutton broth boiled in flasks and then sealed could still develop microorganisms,
which supported the theory of spontaneous generation?-Answer John Needham
Who showed that flasks sealed and then boiled had no growth of microorganisms?-Answer Lazzaro
Spallanzani
Who proposed that air carried germs?-Answer Spallanzani
Who disproved the theory of spontaneous generation?-Answer Louis Pasteur
Who demonstrated that dust carried microbes and proved evidence for the existence of heat- resistant
forms of bacteria?-Answer John Tyndall
Who showed that a silkworm disease was caused by a fungus?-Answer Agostino Bassi
Who demonstrated that the Great Potato Blight was caused by a water mold?-Answer M. J. Berkely
Who showed that the pebrine disease of silkworms was caused by a protozoan parasite?-Answer Louis
Pasteur
,Who developed a system of surgery designed to prevent microorganisms from entering wounds?-
Answer John Lister
Who transformed the practice of surgery?-Answer John Lister
Who established the relationship between Bacillus anthracis and anthrax?-Answer Robert Koch
What are the Koch Postulates?-Answer 1.The microorganisms must be present in every case of the
disease but absent from healthy individuals
2. The suspected microorganisms must be isolated and grown in pure culture
3. The same disease must result when the isolated microorganism is inoculated into a healthy host
4. The same microorganism must be isolated again from the diseased host
Limitations of Koch's Postulates-Answer -Some organisms cannot be grown in pure culture
-Using humans in completing the postulates is unethical
-Molecular and genetic evidence may replace
What vaccination did Edward Jenner make?-Answer smallpox vaccination
What vaccinations did Pasteur produce?-Answer chicken cholera, rabies and anthrax
Who induced formation of dipped toxin-antitoxins rabbits-Answer Emil von Behring and Shibasaburo
Kitasato?
Who showed that the silkworm disease was caused by fungus?-Answer Bassi
Who demonstrated that the Great Potato Blight of Ireland was caused by a water mold?-Answer M.J.
Berkeley
,Who showed that the perbrine disease of silkworms was caused by a protozoan parasite?-Answer Louis
Pasteur
A simple morphology and lack a true membrane-delimited nucleus-Answer prokaryotes
What is a morphologically complex and has a membrane-enclosed nucleus?-Answer Eukaryotes
What led to the discovery of viruses as disease causing agents?-Answer bacterial filter that removed
bacteria and larger microbes (Charles Chamberland)
The five kingdom classification scheme is-Answer the Monera or Procaryotae, Protista, Fungi, Animalia,
and Plantae
What are ribozymes?-Answer RNA molecules that form peptide bonds and perform cellular work and
replication
The three domain scheme is-Answer Bacteria, Archaea, and Eucarya
The three domain scheme is based on?-Answer a comparison of ribosomal RNA
The earliest cells may have been-Answer RNA surrounded by liposomes
What are the three bacterial morphology?-Answer -bacillus (little rod)
-coccus (grain or berry)
-spirillum (coiled or helical)
What are the types of light microscopes?-Answer -bright-field microscope
-Dark-field microscope
-Phase-contrast microscope
-fluorescence microscopes
, What is a measure of how greatly a substance slows the velocity of light?-Answer Refractive index
The direction and magnitude of bending light in a microscope is determined by the _____-Answer
refractive indexes of the two media forming the interface
Which microscope produces a dark image against a brighter background?-Answer the bright-field
microscope
What is the product of the magnifications of the ocular lens and the objective lens?-Answer the total
magnification
What is the total magnification of the bright field, dark field, and phase-contrast microscopes?-Answer
2000x
What is the total resolution of the bright field, dark field, and phase contrast microscopes?-Answer
0.2um
What is the purpose of the bright field microscope?-Answer for live and preserved stained specimens
What is the purpose of the dark field microscope?-Answer to observe living, unstained preparations
Which microscopes are good for observing living cells?-Answer -The Differential Interference Contrast
Microscope
-Phase-contrast microscope
Which microscope enhances the contrast between intracellular structures having slight differences in
the refractive index?-Answer phase-contrast microscope
Which microscope shows a bright image of the object resulting from the fluorescent light emitted by the
specimen?-Answer the fluorescence microscope
