C785 STUDY GUIDE PA UPDATED
ACTUAL Exam Questions and CORRECT
Answers
Complementary DNA and/or RNA molecules pair with each other by hydrogen bonding
during replication, transcription, or translation. Which of the following pairs of molecules are
complementary? (Select all that apply) - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔- tRNA and mRNA
mRNA and template DNA
During DNA replication the parent strands ______ and DNA polymerase______. -
CORRECT ANSWER✔✔- separate, creates the new DNA strands
The following sequence is one strand of the DNA that makes up the SNCA gene that codes
for alpha-synuclein, a protein found in the brain. 5' ATGCGGTGACGG 3' Which of the
following is the complementary second DNA strand? - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔- 5'
CCGTCACCGCAT 3'
Assume you start with one copy of target DNA. How many copies of DNA will be made after
4 rounds of PCR (assume 100% reaction efficiency)? - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔- 16
What are the necessary ingredients for a PCR reaction? - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔- dNTPs;
thermostable DNA polymerase; DNA primers; double-stranded DNA
A frameshift mutation changed this sequence 5' AAC GCT TAG 3' to which of the following?
- CORRECT ANSWER✔✔- 3' GAT TCG CA 5'
Which choice represents a silent mutation for this sequence: 5' GGU UGC ACU 3'? -
CORRECT ANSWER✔✔- 5' GGU UGC ACA 3'
Beta thalassemia is a disease that causes low levels of hemoglobin. To inherit this autosomal
disease, an individual must receive two mutant alleles. Which of the following likely
represents the chromosome pairs of a healthy parent who has a child with beta thalassemia?
(The yellow band represents the mutant allele and the green band represents the normal
allele.) * - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔- Option 3- The chromosomes of a healthy parent who
, has a child with beta thalassemia must be a carrier of the disease, i.e. the parent must have
one copy of the (dominant) normal allele and one copy of the (recessive) mutant allele.
Your black dog and your friend's white dog have puppies. If inheritance of coat color is co-
dominant, the coat color of the puppies will be ________________, the color will be
_______________ if incompletely dominant, and it will be _______________ if it is
complete dominant - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔- Black-and-white spotted, gray, black
Freidreich's ataxia is an autosomal recessive disorder that results from multiple GAA
insertions into the FXN gene. Which of the following best illustrates the inheritance pattern
of Freidreich's ataxia in a family with the disease? - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔- None of
these pedigrees are consistent with an autosomal recessive pattern.
The pedigree chart for Option 3 shows evidence of carriers, and both males and females have
Friedrich's ataxia in this chart. These properties of the chart indicate that it is for an
autosomal recessive disease.
Increased IGF2 expression is associated with many types of cancer. Studies have shown that
when mothers take folic acid before conception, children have increased methylation of this
gene. Which of the following is the best explanation for how this increased methylation could
be beneficial? - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔- The increased methylation decreases the space
between nucleosomes, decreasing the expression of the IGF2 gene.
Which of the following sequences represents a coding strand of DNA that leads to the
production of the following polypeptide chain: Tyr Cys Val - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔- 5'
TAC TGT GTA 3'
Which of the following accurately compares DNA mismatch repair and nucleotide excision
repair? - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔- Both processes involve recognition of the section
requiring repair, removal of this section, replacement of the bases with DNA polymerase, and
ligation.
Which of the following best describes the role of nonhomologous end joining? - CORRECT
ANSWER✔✔- When there are double stranded breaks, this process joins the ends of the
DNA together to fix the break.
ACTUAL Exam Questions and CORRECT
Answers
Complementary DNA and/or RNA molecules pair with each other by hydrogen bonding
during replication, transcription, or translation. Which of the following pairs of molecules are
complementary? (Select all that apply) - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔- tRNA and mRNA
mRNA and template DNA
During DNA replication the parent strands ______ and DNA polymerase______. -
CORRECT ANSWER✔✔- separate, creates the new DNA strands
The following sequence is one strand of the DNA that makes up the SNCA gene that codes
for alpha-synuclein, a protein found in the brain. 5' ATGCGGTGACGG 3' Which of the
following is the complementary second DNA strand? - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔- 5'
CCGTCACCGCAT 3'
Assume you start with one copy of target DNA. How many copies of DNA will be made after
4 rounds of PCR (assume 100% reaction efficiency)? - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔- 16
What are the necessary ingredients for a PCR reaction? - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔- dNTPs;
thermostable DNA polymerase; DNA primers; double-stranded DNA
A frameshift mutation changed this sequence 5' AAC GCT TAG 3' to which of the following?
- CORRECT ANSWER✔✔- 3' GAT TCG CA 5'
Which choice represents a silent mutation for this sequence: 5' GGU UGC ACU 3'? -
CORRECT ANSWER✔✔- 5' GGU UGC ACA 3'
Beta thalassemia is a disease that causes low levels of hemoglobin. To inherit this autosomal
disease, an individual must receive two mutant alleles. Which of the following likely
represents the chromosome pairs of a healthy parent who has a child with beta thalassemia?
(The yellow band represents the mutant allele and the green band represents the normal
allele.) * - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔- Option 3- The chromosomes of a healthy parent who
, has a child with beta thalassemia must be a carrier of the disease, i.e. the parent must have
one copy of the (dominant) normal allele and one copy of the (recessive) mutant allele.
Your black dog and your friend's white dog have puppies. If inheritance of coat color is co-
dominant, the coat color of the puppies will be ________________, the color will be
_______________ if incompletely dominant, and it will be _______________ if it is
complete dominant - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔- Black-and-white spotted, gray, black
Freidreich's ataxia is an autosomal recessive disorder that results from multiple GAA
insertions into the FXN gene. Which of the following best illustrates the inheritance pattern
of Freidreich's ataxia in a family with the disease? - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔- None of
these pedigrees are consistent with an autosomal recessive pattern.
The pedigree chart for Option 3 shows evidence of carriers, and both males and females have
Friedrich's ataxia in this chart. These properties of the chart indicate that it is for an
autosomal recessive disease.
Increased IGF2 expression is associated with many types of cancer. Studies have shown that
when mothers take folic acid before conception, children have increased methylation of this
gene. Which of the following is the best explanation for how this increased methylation could
be beneficial? - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔- The increased methylation decreases the space
between nucleosomes, decreasing the expression of the IGF2 gene.
Which of the following sequences represents a coding strand of DNA that leads to the
production of the following polypeptide chain: Tyr Cys Val - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔- 5'
TAC TGT GTA 3'
Which of the following accurately compares DNA mismatch repair and nucleotide excision
repair? - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔- Both processes involve recognition of the section
requiring repair, removal of this section, replacement of the bases with DNA polymerase, and
ligation.
Which of the following best describes the role of nonhomologous end joining? - CORRECT
ANSWER✔✔- When there are double stranded breaks, this process joins the ends of the
DNA together to fix the break.
