BIOD 151 Module 6 Exam Review Answer Key (Portage
learning)UPDATED 2022
The ____________ system, along with the ___________system, coordinates the
various activities of body parts by utilizing chemical messengers to coordinate these
activities. - ANSWER: Endocrine
Nervous
nervous system reacts __________ to external and internal stimuli, but the
endocrine system tends to react somewhat ________. - ANSWER: Quickly
Slower
Hormone - ANSWER: organic chemical produced by one set of cells that affects a
different set of cells.
chemical messengers that influence the metabolism of the recipient cell.
All Hormones - ANSWER: have a specific organ/gland of origin
a specific target organ/gland or organs/glands
and a specific action.
Many hormones are proteins
Coded
Synthesized
Packaged
Secreted - ANSWER: proteins that are coded for by genes and synthesized within the
cytoplasm at the ribosomes. Eventually, hormones are packaged into vesicles at the
Golgi apparatus and are secreted at the plasma membrane.
two main categories of hormones: - ANSWER: Peptide
Steroid
Peptide Hormone - ANSWER: can be derived from proteins, peptides, or
catecholamines.
activate existing enzymes in the cell.
, act relatively quickly but for a short period of time.
need to interact with a cell-surface receptor to enter cell
Steroid Hormone - ANSWER: derived from cholesterol by a series of metabolic
reactions.
act more slowly because it takes more time to synthesize new proteins
stored in fat droplets in the cell cytoplasm until their release at the plasma
membrane.
enter the cell and the nucleus freely
Once inside the nucleus bind to receptors which create a hormone-receptor
complex.
This complex activates specific genes that lead to protein synthesis.
Steroids have a more sustained effect on the metabolism of the cell because they
can create new proteins
two types of glands - ANSWER: exocrine and endocrine
Endocrine - ANSWER: ductless, secreting their contents directly into the bloodstream
for distribution throughout the body
Exocrine - ANSWER: have ducts that secrete their contents into an epithelial surface.
One example of an exocrine gland includes the salivary glands, secreting salivary
amylase into the mouth.
Primary endocrine organs - ANSWER: hypothalamus,
pituitary gland,
pineal gland,
thyroid gland,
parathyroid glands,
adrenal glands,
pancreas
Secondary endocrine organs - ANSWER: heart,
kidneys,
gonads (testes in males, ovaries in females),
thymus.
Negative feedback - ANSWER: The most common mechanism through which
hormones are controlled
learning)UPDATED 2022
The ____________ system, along with the ___________system, coordinates the
various activities of body parts by utilizing chemical messengers to coordinate these
activities. - ANSWER: Endocrine
Nervous
nervous system reacts __________ to external and internal stimuli, but the
endocrine system tends to react somewhat ________. - ANSWER: Quickly
Slower
Hormone - ANSWER: organic chemical produced by one set of cells that affects a
different set of cells.
chemical messengers that influence the metabolism of the recipient cell.
All Hormones - ANSWER: have a specific organ/gland of origin
a specific target organ/gland or organs/glands
and a specific action.
Many hormones are proteins
Coded
Synthesized
Packaged
Secreted - ANSWER: proteins that are coded for by genes and synthesized within the
cytoplasm at the ribosomes. Eventually, hormones are packaged into vesicles at the
Golgi apparatus and are secreted at the plasma membrane.
two main categories of hormones: - ANSWER: Peptide
Steroid
Peptide Hormone - ANSWER: can be derived from proteins, peptides, or
catecholamines.
activate existing enzymes in the cell.
, act relatively quickly but for a short period of time.
need to interact with a cell-surface receptor to enter cell
Steroid Hormone - ANSWER: derived from cholesterol by a series of metabolic
reactions.
act more slowly because it takes more time to synthesize new proteins
stored in fat droplets in the cell cytoplasm until their release at the plasma
membrane.
enter the cell and the nucleus freely
Once inside the nucleus bind to receptors which create a hormone-receptor
complex.
This complex activates specific genes that lead to protein synthesis.
Steroids have a more sustained effect on the metabolism of the cell because they
can create new proteins
two types of glands - ANSWER: exocrine and endocrine
Endocrine - ANSWER: ductless, secreting their contents directly into the bloodstream
for distribution throughout the body
Exocrine - ANSWER: have ducts that secrete their contents into an epithelial surface.
One example of an exocrine gland includes the salivary glands, secreting salivary
amylase into the mouth.
Primary endocrine organs - ANSWER: hypothalamus,
pituitary gland,
pineal gland,
thyroid gland,
parathyroid glands,
adrenal glands,
pancreas
Secondary endocrine organs - ANSWER: heart,
kidneys,
gonads (testes in males, ovaries in females),
thymus.
Negative feedback - ANSWER: The most common mechanism through which
hormones are controlled
