BIOD 151 Module 2 Exam Review Answer Key (Portage
learning)UPDATED 2022
the difference between the intrapulmonary and intrapleural pressures, prevents the
lungs from collapsing - ANSWER: Transpulmonary pressure
Which of the following is NOT a physical factor that influences pulmonary
ventilation?
lung compliance
partial pressure of oxygen in the air
airway resistance
alveolar surface tension - ANSWER: Partial pressure of oxygen in the air
What is the amount of air that can be exhaled with the greatest possible exhalation
after the deepest inhalation called? - ANSWER: Vital Capacity
What is ventilation-perfusion coupling? - ANSWER: Matching the amount of gas
reaching the alveoli to the blood flow in pulmonary capillaries
Which of the following is the primary factor in oxygen attachment to, or release
from, hemoglobin?
temperature
blood pH
partial pressure of carbon dioxide
partial pressure of oxygen - ANSWER: Partial pressure of oxygen
What is the most powerful respiratory stimulant in a healthy person?
arterial blood carbon dioxide level
arterial blood pH
arterial blood oxygen level
oxygen needs of cells - ANSWER: Arterial blood carbon dioxide level
Patients with rhinitis often have "watery eyes" because ______.
the infection has stimulated increased lacrimal fluid secretion by the lacrimal glands
the infection has caused inflammation of the nasolacrimal ducts
the paranasal sinuses are blocked with excess mucus
All of the listed responses are correct. - ANSWER: The infection has caused
inflammation of the nasolacrimal ducts
In pneumothorax, the lung collapses because ______.
intrapleural pressure is lower than transpulmonary pressure
intrapleural pressure is higher than intrapulmonary pressure
intrapulmonary pressure is lower than transpulmonary pressure
, intrapulmonary pressure is higher than atmospheric pressure - ANSWER:
intrapleural pressure is higher than intrapulmonary pressure
Valsavas maneuver - ANSWER: during abdominal straining the glottis closes to
prevent exhalation and the abdominal muscles contract, causing the intra abdominal
pressure to rise. - defecation
*Ppul - ANSWER: Intrapulmonary pressure, pressure in the alveoli. rises and falls
with the phases of breathing but it always equalizes with the atmospheric pressure
P ip - ANSWER: Intrapleural pressure, pressure in the pleural cavity, flucuates with
breathing phases but is always about 4 mmHg less than Ppul
Pip is always negative relative to Ppul
What causes the negative intrapleural pressure? - ANSWER: two forces act to pull
the lungs (visceral pleura) away from the thorax wall (parietal pleura) and cause the
lungs to collapse :
the lungs' natural tendency to recoil and the surface tension of the alveolar fluid
both of thesse are opposed by the natural elasticity of the chest wall, a force that
tends to pull the thorax outward and enlarge the lungs
Transpulmonary pressure - ANSWER: difference between the intrapulmonary and
the intrapleural pressures (Ppul-Pip) that keeps the lungs from collapsing
the size of the transpulmonary pressure determines the size of the lungs at any time
Atelectasis - ANSWER: lung collapse occurs when a bronchiole becomes plugged
pneumothorax - ANSWER: presence of air in the pleural cavity, reversed by drawing
air out of the intraplural space with chest tubes
Boyles Law - ANSWER: relationship between the pressure and the volume of a gas.
the pressure of a gas varies inversely with its volume
P1V1= P2V2
How quiet inspiration works - ANSWER: Action of the diaphragm- when the
diaphragm contacts it moves inferiorly and flattens out and as a result the sup inf
dimension (height) of the thoracic cavity increases
action of the intercostals- when the external intercostal muscles contract, the lift the
rib cage and pull the sternum sup. when the ribs are raised and drawn together, the
swing outward.
much like a bucket handle is raised, moves outward as it moves upward
sequence of inspiration - ANSWER: 1. inspiratory muscles contract (diaphragm
descends; rib cage rises)
2. thoracic cavity volume increases
3. lungs are stretched; intrapulmonary volume increases
4. intrapulmonary pressure drops (to -1mmHg)
learning)UPDATED 2022
the difference between the intrapulmonary and intrapleural pressures, prevents the
lungs from collapsing - ANSWER: Transpulmonary pressure
Which of the following is NOT a physical factor that influences pulmonary
ventilation?
lung compliance
partial pressure of oxygen in the air
airway resistance
alveolar surface tension - ANSWER: Partial pressure of oxygen in the air
What is the amount of air that can be exhaled with the greatest possible exhalation
after the deepest inhalation called? - ANSWER: Vital Capacity
What is ventilation-perfusion coupling? - ANSWER: Matching the amount of gas
reaching the alveoli to the blood flow in pulmonary capillaries
Which of the following is the primary factor in oxygen attachment to, or release
from, hemoglobin?
temperature
blood pH
partial pressure of carbon dioxide
partial pressure of oxygen - ANSWER: Partial pressure of oxygen
What is the most powerful respiratory stimulant in a healthy person?
arterial blood carbon dioxide level
arterial blood pH
arterial blood oxygen level
oxygen needs of cells - ANSWER: Arterial blood carbon dioxide level
Patients with rhinitis often have "watery eyes" because ______.
the infection has stimulated increased lacrimal fluid secretion by the lacrimal glands
the infection has caused inflammation of the nasolacrimal ducts
the paranasal sinuses are blocked with excess mucus
All of the listed responses are correct. - ANSWER: The infection has caused
inflammation of the nasolacrimal ducts
In pneumothorax, the lung collapses because ______.
intrapleural pressure is lower than transpulmonary pressure
intrapleural pressure is higher than intrapulmonary pressure
intrapulmonary pressure is lower than transpulmonary pressure
, intrapulmonary pressure is higher than atmospheric pressure - ANSWER:
intrapleural pressure is higher than intrapulmonary pressure
Valsavas maneuver - ANSWER: during abdominal straining the glottis closes to
prevent exhalation and the abdominal muscles contract, causing the intra abdominal
pressure to rise. - defecation
*Ppul - ANSWER: Intrapulmonary pressure, pressure in the alveoli. rises and falls
with the phases of breathing but it always equalizes with the atmospheric pressure
P ip - ANSWER: Intrapleural pressure, pressure in the pleural cavity, flucuates with
breathing phases but is always about 4 mmHg less than Ppul
Pip is always negative relative to Ppul
What causes the negative intrapleural pressure? - ANSWER: two forces act to pull
the lungs (visceral pleura) away from the thorax wall (parietal pleura) and cause the
lungs to collapse :
the lungs' natural tendency to recoil and the surface tension of the alveolar fluid
both of thesse are opposed by the natural elasticity of the chest wall, a force that
tends to pull the thorax outward and enlarge the lungs
Transpulmonary pressure - ANSWER: difference between the intrapulmonary and
the intrapleural pressures (Ppul-Pip) that keeps the lungs from collapsing
the size of the transpulmonary pressure determines the size of the lungs at any time
Atelectasis - ANSWER: lung collapse occurs when a bronchiole becomes plugged
pneumothorax - ANSWER: presence of air in the pleural cavity, reversed by drawing
air out of the intraplural space with chest tubes
Boyles Law - ANSWER: relationship between the pressure and the volume of a gas.
the pressure of a gas varies inversely with its volume
P1V1= P2V2
How quiet inspiration works - ANSWER: Action of the diaphragm- when the
diaphragm contacts it moves inferiorly and flattens out and as a result the sup inf
dimension (height) of the thoracic cavity increases
action of the intercostals- when the external intercostal muscles contract, the lift the
rib cage and pull the sternum sup. when the ribs are raised and drawn together, the
swing outward.
much like a bucket handle is raised, moves outward as it moves upward
sequence of inspiration - ANSWER: 1. inspiratory muscles contract (diaphragm
descends; rib cage rises)
2. thoracic cavity volume increases
3. lungs are stretched; intrapulmonary volume increases
4. intrapulmonary pressure drops (to -1mmHg)
