GI CNM Exam Questions And Correct Answers
mouth, pharynx, esophagus, stomach, small intestine, large intestine, anus - ANSWER
GI Tract
teeth and tongue, salivary glands, gallbladder, liver, pancreas - ANSWER Accessory
Digestive Organs
Ingestion - ANSWER intro of food into stomach
Mastication - ANSWER -chewing
-chemical digestion requires large surface area so breaking down large particles
mechanically facilities chemical digestion
Propulsion - ANSWER -movement of food 24-36 hours oral to anal
-wave of circular smooth muscle relaxation moves ahead of the bolus of food allowing
digestive tract to expand
Segmental Contractions - ANSWER contractions do not propel food from one end of the
digestive tract to the other but moves it back and forth within the digestive tract to mix it
with digestive secretions and make smaller pieces
Chemical digestion - ANSWER starts at the end of stomach
Mechanical digestion - ANSWER chewing, churning, segmentation
absorption - ANSWER nutrients and water to blood vessels and lymph vessels
Enteric Nervous System - ANSWER coordinates peristalsis and regulates local reflexes
, Parasympathetic Primarily - ANSWER through vagas nerve
Sympathetic - ANSWER muscle contraction, secretion, decrease blood flow to digestive
tract
Chemical Regulation - ANSWER -production of hormones (gastrin, secretin)
-production of paracrine chemicals like histamine
Chewing - ANSWER -incisors and canines bite or cut food
-molar grind food
Mastication Reflex - ANSWER -medulla oblongata provides involuntary but descending
pathways from cerebrum provide conscious control
Parotid Gland - ANSWER largest and just anterior to the ear
Submandibular Gland - ANSWER Duct enters oral cavity on either side of lingual
frenulum
Sublingual Gland - ANSWER smallest and each has 10-12 ducts that enter the floor of
the oral cavity
Saliva - ANSWER -prevents bacterial infection
-helps to form bolus for swallowing
- parasympathetic input causes salivation
Pharynx - ANSWER contains group of muscles called pharyngeal constrictors which
contribute to swallowing
mouth, pharynx, esophagus, stomach, small intestine, large intestine, anus - ANSWER
GI Tract
teeth and tongue, salivary glands, gallbladder, liver, pancreas - ANSWER Accessory
Digestive Organs
Ingestion - ANSWER intro of food into stomach
Mastication - ANSWER -chewing
-chemical digestion requires large surface area so breaking down large particles
mechanically facilities chemical digestion
Propulsion - ANSWER -movement of food 24-36 hours oral to anal
-wave of circular smooth muscle relaxation moves ahead of the bolus of food allowing
digestive tract to expand
Segmental Contractions - ANSWER contractions do not propel food from one end of the
digestive tract to the other but moves it back and forth within the digestive tract to mix it
with digestive secretions and make smaller pieces
Chemical digestion - ANSWER starts at the end of stomach
Mechanical digestion - ANSWER chewing, churning, segmentation
absorption - ANSWER nutrients and water to blood vessels and lymph vessels
Enteric Nervous System - ANSWER coordinates peristalsis and regulates local reflexes
, Parasympathetic Primarily - ANSWER through vagas nerve
Sympathetic - ANSWER muscle contraction, secretion, decrease blood flow to digestive
tract
Chemical Regulation - ANSWER -production of hormones (gastrin, secretin)
-production of paracrine chemicals like histamine
Chewing - ANSWER -incisors and canines bite or cut food
-molar grind food
Mastication Reflex - ANSWER -medulla oblongata provides involuntary but descending
pathways from cerebrum provide conscious control
Parotid Gland - ANSWER largest and just anterior to the ear
Submandibular Gland - ANSWER Duct enters oral cavity on either side of lingual
frenulum
Sublingual Gland - ANSWER smallest and each has 10-12 ducts that enter the floor of
the oral cavity
Saliva - ANSWER -prevents bacterial infection
-helps to form bolus for swallowing
- parasympathetic input causes salivation
Pharynx - ANSWER contains group of muscles called pharyngeal constrictors which
contribute to swallowing
