BCH 367 Exam 1 Review (updated)questions n answers

BCH 367 Exam 1 Review

All biomolecules can be divided into just ________ main categories - correct answer ✔✔four



Over _______ of the human body is made up of H, O, C, and N - correct answer ✔✔99%



Proteins Structure - correct answer ✔✔linear polymer that folds into 3D structure



Monomers of proteins - correct answer ✔✔Amino Acids



Polymer bonds in protein - correct answer ✔✔Peptide bond



Major functions of proteins - correct answer ✔✔Signals, receptors, strucutre, mobility, defense,
catalysis, etc.



Nucleic acids structure - correct answer ✔✔Linear polymer that forms predictable base pairs



Monomers of nucleic acids - correct answer ✔✔nucleotides



Name of polymer bond in nucleic acids - correct answer ✔✔Phosphodiester bond



Major functions of nucleic acids - correct answer ✔✔Information storage and transfer



Lipids Structure - correct answer ✔✔Dual chemical character with hydrophobic and hydrophilic regions



# of Monomers in Proteins - correct answer ✔✔20



# of Monomers in Nucleic Acids - correct answer ✔✔4

,Major Functions of Lipids - correct answer ✔✔Fuel storage, signaling, and barriers



Carbohydrates Structure - correct answer ✔✔Diverse structures, can form branched polymers



Monomers in carbohydrates - correct answer ✔✔Monosaccharides



# of monomers in carbohydrates - correct answer ✔✔MANY



Major functions of carbohydrates - correct answer ✔✔Fuel, cell identification, cell-to-cell interaction
sites



Central dogma - correct answer ✔✔describes the basic principles of biological information transfer &
specifies the process through which we go from genetic information of DNA to the proteins that perform
so many cellular functions



Information Flow in Central Dogma - correct answer ✔✔Dna -> (transcription) RNA -> (translation)
Protein



In replication.... - correct answer ✔✔Input Biomolecule = DNA ; Output Biomolecule = DNA ; Enzyme =
DNA Polymerase



In transcription... - correct answer ✔✔Input Biomolecule = DNA ; Output Biomolecule = RNA ; Enzyme =
RNA Polymerase



In translation... - correct answer ✔✔Input Biomolecule = RNA ; Output Biomolecule = Protein ; Enzyme =
Ribosome



# of membranes in nucleus - correct answer ✔✔two



Fucntion of nucleus - correct answer ✔✔The information center that holds the DNA of the organism ;
Nuclear pores enable transport in and out

, # of membrances in Mitochondria - correct answer ✔✔two



Function of Mitochondria - correct answer ✔✔Energy production centers that produce ATP through
respiration



# of membranes in chloroplasts - correct answer ✔✔two



Function of Chloroplasts - correct answer ✔✔Photosynthesis centers that convert light to chemical
energy ; Only in plants and algae



# of membranes in SER (smooth endoplasmic reticulum) - correct answer ✔✔one



Function of Smooth Endoplasmic Reticulum - correct answer ✔✔Membraous sack used for processing
exogenous chemicals ; Smooth, no ribosomes



# of membranes in RER (Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum) - correct answer ✔✔one



Function of Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum - correct answer ✔✔ER where proteins destined for cellular
membrances or for secretion are synthesized ; Rough due to ribosomes



# of membranes in Golgi Complex - correct answer ✔✔one



Function of Golgi Complex - correct answer ✔✔Stacked membranes involved in protein sorting and
preparation of secretory granules



# of membranes in Secretory Granules - correct answer ✔✔one



Function of Secretory Granules - correct answer ✔✔Carry protein cargo destined for secretion