Test Bank Solution Manual for 3530 Computer Networks Already Passed

Test Bank Solution Manual for 3530 Computer Networks Already Passed 7 layers of the OSI model - Answers 1. Physical 2. Data Link 3. Network 4. Transport 5. Session 6. Presentation 7. Application Total Transmission Time Equation - Answers Length of packet(L)/Transmission Rate(R) + Distance(d)/Propagation Speed(s) Packet Switching vs. Circuit Switching - Answers -Circuit switching uses dedicated links/paths but packet switching does not use any dedicated links/paths -Circuit switching does not have congestion problems, but packet switching my have congestion problems (packet switching has queueing and packet loss problems) Network Protocols - Answers (His Def) Set of rules which help the end systems to communicate with each other in efficient manner (Other Def) The software defining the rules and formats a computer must use when sending information across the network. Example of network protocols - Answers Hypertext Transfer Protocol(HTTP) Transmission Control Protocol(TCP) Internet Protocol (IP) Examples of Access Networks - Answers Digital Subscriber Line(DSL) Cable Access Network Home Access Network Enterprise Access Network Wireless Access Network Forms of Physical Media - Answers Coax Cable, Twisted Pair, Fiber optics, Satellite Guide v Unguided Media - Answers Guided: Data travels through something physical Unguided: Data travels in open space Equation for transmission delay - Answers L/R L = Length of packet R = transmission rate FDM v TDM - Answers -FDM allows users to have stable connection (up/down link) throughtout the time of use, while TDM only allows user to process their data during their time. -FDM has a limited # of users depend on capacity frequency that transmission media offers, while TDM can have unlimited users but each will have to wait longer to process their data Application Layer - Answers The seventh layer of the OSI model. Application layer protocols enable software programs to negotiate formatting, procedural, security, synchronization, and other requirements with the network. Network Layer - Answers The third layer in the OSI model. Protocols in this layer translate network addresses into their physical counterparts and decide how to route data from the sender to the receiver. Link Layer - Answers Fourth layer in the TCP/IP stack. This layer adds MAC address of the sender and the recipient. data transfer between neighboring networks Physical Layer - Answers The lowest, or first, layer of the OSI model. Protocols in this layer generate and detect signals so as to transmit and receive data over a network medium. These protocols also set the data transmission rate and monitor data error rates, but do not provide error correction. Switches/Routers and Transmission media Presentation Layer - Answers The sixth layer of the OSI model. Protocols in this layer translate between the application and the network. Here, data are formatted in a schema that the network can understand, with the format varying according to the type of network used. This layer also manages data encryption and decryption. Allow application to interpret meaning of data Session Layer - Answers The fifth layer in the OSI model. This layer establishes and maintains communication between two nodes on the network. It can be considered the "traffic cop" for network communications. Synchronization checkpoint recovery of data exchange client/server model - Answers software runs on the local computer (the client) and communicates with the remote server to request information or services. A server is a remote computer on the network that provides information or services in response to client requests. Client characteristics - Answers -wait for replies from server -Can be intermittently connected -Dynamic IP -No client-to-client talk peer-to-peer - Answers A network model where all computers on the network are equal and data may be shared from computer to computer. P2P Characteristic - Answers -No real server -Requests service from other peers -self-scalability(new peers bring upscaling and new service demands) -complex to manage Process communicating - Answers Programs running withing a host. Within same host, 2 process communicate using inter-process communication