MARK KLIMEK BLUE BOOK EXAM
QUESTIONS WITH COMPLETE
SOLUTIONS
Water acounts for __________ to _________% of an infant's total weight? - Answer-70
to 75%
What temperature is appropriate for the water used to bathe an infant? - Answer-100 to
105
What cranial nerve is affected in Bell's Palsy? - Answer-#7, facial nerve
Give three eye interventions for the client with Bell's Palsy. - Answer-Dark glasses,
artificial tears, cover eye at night
The man with BPH has a _________-stream of urine - Answer-forked
The most radical prostate surgery is the ____________ prostatectomy. - Answer-
Perineal
Acid Ash diet - Answer-Decrease pH (makes urine acid)
Chz, eggs, Meat, fish, oysters, poultry, Bread, Cereal, Whole Grains, Pastries,
Cranberries, Prunes, Plums, Tomatoes, Peas, Corn, Legumes.
What drug is use to treat bladder spasm? - Answer-B&O suppositories (Belladonna &
Opiates)
If you see an increase in blood content of urine coming out of the catheter, you would
first ___________. if - Answer-Pull carefully on the catheter to apply local pressure on
the prostate with the Foley balloon.
How often should the drainage bag be emptied? - Answer-Every 8 hours
Name foods that make acid urine - Answer-Cranberry juice, apple juice (avoid citrus
juices- they make alkaline urine)
Increased intracranial pressure will _________ the pulse pressure. - Answer-Increase
or Widen
If a unit of blood is infused through a central line it must be__________. - Answer-
Warmed
,Which of the following are signs of transfusion reaction? Bradycardia, Fever, Hives,
Wheezing,
Increased Blood Pressure, Low Back Pain - Answer-Low back pain, wheezing, fever,
hives
What are the signs and symptoms of a hemolytic transfusion reaction? - Answer-
Shivering, HA, low back pain, increased pulse & respirations, decreasing BP, oliguria,
hematuria
What are the signs and symptoms of a febrile transfusion reaction? - Answer-Low back
pain, shaking HA, increasing temperature, confusion, hemoptysis
What are the signs of symptoms of an allergic reaction to a transfusion? - Answer-
Hives- uticaria, wheezing, pruritus, joint pain, (arthralgia)
When are hemolytic transfusion reactions likely to occur? - Answer-In the first 10 to 15
minutes
When is a febrile reaction likely to occur? - Answer-Within 30 minutes of beginning the
transfusion
What would you do if the client had an increasing temperature and was to get blood? -
Answer-Call the MD because blood is often held with an elevated temperature
How long should it take for one unit of blood to infuse? - Answer-From one hour to three
hours
What is the routine for vital sign measurement with a transfusion? - Answer-Once
before administration
Q15 x 2 after administration is begun
Q1 x1 after transfusion has stopped
Which two nutrients is breast milk lower in? - Answer-Fluoride and iron
What is another name for Buerger's disease? - Answer-Thromboangiitis obliterans
Which extremities are affected by it? - Answer-Lower only
The group with the highest incidence of Buerger's disease is __________. - Answer-
Smokers
Upon walking the patient with Buerger's experiences _______ _________. - Answer-
Intermittent Claudication
,What is the only IM given to a burn patient? - Answer-Tetanus toxoid- if they had a
previous immunization; tetanus antitoxin- if they have never been immunized before (or
immune globulin)
In the emergent phase do you cover burns? (in the field) - Answer-Yes, with anything
clean and dry.
How long does the fluid mobilization or diuretic phase of a burn last? - Answer-2 to 5
days
Is there a higher or lower incidence of fetal death with Abruptio Placenta compared to
Placenta Previa? - Answer-Highter
Children at highest risk for seizure activity after ingestion are those who have swallowed
_____________ and ______________. - Answer-drugs, insecticides
Name 3 drugs given for acne? - Answer-Vitamin A, Antibiotics, Retinoids
Accutane (isotretinoin) is an analog of which vitamin? - Answer-Vitamin A
What is the most common side effect of (isotretinoin)? And what is most important in
health teaching in administration? - Answer-Inflammation of the lips; Causes birth
defects
What is the antibiotic most commonly given to clients with acne? - Answer-Tetracycline
How long will it take for the person to see results when acne is being treated? - Answer-
4 to 6 weeks
What instructions do you give to a client taking tetracycline? - Answer-Take it on an
empty stomach and avoid the sunlight (photosensitivity)
The AIDS virus invades helper ____________. - Answer-T-lymphocytes (or CD4 cells)
HIV is present in all body fluids? - Answer-Yes, but not transmitted by all, only blood,
semen and breast milk
What is the first test for HIV antibodies? - Answer-ELISA
What test confirms the ELISA? - Answer-Western Blot
A CD4 count of under __________ is associated with the onset of AIDS-related
symptoms. - Answer-500
A CD4 count of under _______ is associated with the onset of opportunistic infections. -
Answer-200
, Give 6 symptoms of HIV disease. - Answer-Anorexia, fatigue, weakness, night sweats,
fever, diarrhea
Which 2 classes of drugs are given in combination for HIV sero-positivity? - Answer-
NRTI's (nucleoside reverse transcriptease inhibitors) and PI's (protease inhibitors)
They prevent viral replication.
NRTI (nucleoside reverse transcriptease inhibitors) - Answer-an antiviral drug used
against HIV (is incorporated into the DNA of the virus and stops the building process;
results in incomplete DNA that cannot create a new virus; often used in combination
with other drugs)
PI's (Protease inhibitors) - Answer-most potent of antiviral meds, inhibit cell protein
synthesis that interferes with viral replication, does not cure but slows progression of
AIDS and prolongs life, used prophylactically, used in AIDS to decrease viral load and
opportunistic infections
What do NRTI's and PI's do? - Answer-They prevent viral replication
What does the physician hope to achieve with NRTI's and PI's for HIV? - Answer-A
delayed onset of AIDS for as long as possible (usually can delay onset for 10-15 years)
What is the most common NRTI used? - Answer-AZT (zidovudine)
What is the most challenging aspect of combination of drug therapy for HIV disease? -
Answer-The number of pills that must be taken in 24 hours can be overwhelming. The
frequency also makes it hard to remember-an alarm wristwatch is used.
What lab findings are present in AIDS? - Answer-Decreased RBC's, WBC's and
platelets
What is the most important intervention in treating AGN? - Answer-Bedrest - they can
walk if hematuria, edema and hypertension are gone.
What is the most common dietary restriction for AGN? - Answer-Moderate sodium
restriction. Fluid restriction is #2 if edema is severe.
What are the urinaysis findings on AGN? - Answer-Hematuria
Proteinuria +3 to +4
Specific gravity Up
How do you assess fluid excess in the child with AGN? - Answer-Daily weight
QUESTIONS WITH COMPLETE
SOLUTIONS
Water acounts for __________ to _________% of an infant's total weight? - Answer-70
to 75%
What temperature is appropriate for the water used to bathe an infant? - Answer-100 to
105
What cranial nerve is affected in Bell's Palsy? - Answer-#7, facial nerve
Give three eye interventions for the client with Bell's Palsy. - Answer-Dark glasses,
artificial tears, cover eye at night
The man with BPH has a _________-stream of urine - Answer-forked
The most radical prostate surgery is the ____________ prostatectomy. - Answer-
Perineal
Acid Ash diet - Answer-Decrease pH (makes urine acid)
Chz, eggs, Meat, fish, oysters, poultry, Bread, Cereal, Whole Grains, Pastries,
Cranberries, Prunes, Plums, Tomatoes, Peas, Corn, Legumes.
What drug is use to treat bladder spasm? - Answer-B&O suppositories (Belladonna &
Opiates)
If you see an increase in blood content of urine coming out of the catheter, you would
first ___________. if - Answer-Pull carefully on the catheter to apply local pressure on
the prostate with the Foley balloon.
How often should the drainage bag be emptied? - Answer-Every 8 hours
Name foods that make acid urine - Answer-Cranberry juice, apple juice (avoid citrus
juices- they make alkaline urine)
Increased intracranial pressure will _________ the pulse pressure. - Answer-Increase
or Widen
If a unit of blood is infused through a central line it must be__________. - Answer-
Warmed
,Which of the following are signs of transfusion reaction? Bradycardia, Fever, Hives,
Wheezing,
Increased Blood Pressure, Low Back Pain - Answer-Low back pain, wheezing, fever,
hives
What are the signs and symptoms of a hemolytic transfusion reaction? - Answer-
Shivering, HA, low back pain, increased pulse & respirations, decreasing BP, oliguria,
hematuria
What are the signs and symptoms of a febrile transfusion reaction? - Answer-Low back
pain, shaking HA, increasing temperature, confusion, hemoptysis
What are the signs of symptoms of an allergic reaction to a transfusion? - Answer-
Hives- uticaria, wheezing, pruritus, joint pain, (arthralgia)
When are hemolytic transfusion reactions likely to occur? - Answer-In the first 10 to 15
minutes
When is a febrile reaction likely to occur? - Answer-Within 30 minutes of beginning the
transfusion
What would you do if the client had an increasing temperature and was to get blood? -
Answer-Call the MD because blood is often held with an elevated temperature
How long should it take for one unit of blood to infuse? - Answer-From one hour to three
hours
What is the routine for vital sign measurement with a transfusion? - Answer-Once
before administration
Q15 x 2 after administration is begun
Q1 x1 after transfusion has stopped
Which two nutrients is breast milk lower in? - Answer-Fluoride and iron
What is another name for Buerger's disease? - Answer-Thromboangiitis obliterans
Which extremities are affected by it? - Answer-Lower only
The group with the highest incidence of Buerger's disease is __________. - Answer-
Smokers
Upon walking the patient with Buerger's experiences _______ _________. - Answer-
Intermittent Claudication
,What is the only IM given to a burn patient? - Answer-Tetanus toxoid- if they had a
previous immunization; tetanus antitoxin- if they have never been immunized before (or
immune globulin)
In the emergent phase do you cover burns? (in the field) - Answer-Yes, with anything
clean and dry.
How long does the fluid mobilization or diuretic phase of a burn last? - Answer-2 to 5
days
Is there a higher or lower incidence of fetal death with Abruptio Placenta compared to
Placenta Previa? - Answer-Highter
Children at highest risk for seizure activity after ingestion are those who have swallowed
_____________ and ______________. - Answer-drugs, insecticides
Name 3 drugs given for acne? - Answer-Vitamin A, Antibiotics, Retinoids
Accutane (isotretinoin) is an analog of which vitamin? - Answer-Vitamin A
What is the most common side effect of (isotretinoin)? And what is most important in
health teaching in administration? - Answer-Inflammation of the lips; Causes birth
defects
What is the antibiotic most commonly given to clients with acne? - Answer-Tetracycline
How long will it take for the person to see results when acne is being treated? - Answer-
4 to 6 weeks
What instructions do you give to a client taking tetracycline? - Answer-Take it on an
empty stomach and avoid the sunlight (photosensitivity)
The AIDS virus invades helper ____________. - Answer-T-lymphocytes (or CD4 cells)
HIV is present in all body fluids? - Answer-Yes, but not transmitted by all, only blood,
semen and breast milk
What is the first test for HIV antibodies? - Answer-ELISA
What test confirms the ELISA? - Answer-Western Blot
A CD4 count of under __________ is associated with the onset of AIDS-related
symptoms. - Answer-500
A CD4 count of under _______ is associated with the onset of opportunistic infections. -
Answer-200
, Give 6 symptoms of HIV disease. - Answer-Anorexia, fatigue, weakness, night sweats,
fever, diarrhea
Which 2 classes of drugs are given in combination for HIV sero-positivity? - Answer-
NRTI's (nucleoside reverse transcriptease inhibitors) and PI's (protease inhibitors)
They prevent viral replication.
NRTI (nucleoside reverse transcriptease inhibitors) - Answer-an antiviral drug used
against HIV (is incorporated into the DNA of the virus and stops the building process;
results in incomplete DNA that cannot create a new virus; often used in combination
with other drugs)
PI's (Protease inhibitors) - Answer-most potent of antiviral meds, inhibit cell protein
synthesis that interferes with viral replication, does not cure but slows progression of
AIDS and prolongs life, used prophylactically, used in AIDS to decrease viral load and
opportunistic infections
What do NRTI's and PI's do? - Answer-They prevent viral replication
What does the physician hope to achieve with NRTI's and PI's for HIV? - Answer-A
delayed onset of AIDS for as long as possible (usually can delay onset for 10-15 years)
What is the most common NRTI used? - Answer-AZT (zidovudine)
What is the most challenging aspect of combination of drug therapy for HIV disease? -
Answer-The number of pills that must be taken in 24 hours can be overwhelming. The
frequency also makes it hard to remember-an alarm wristwatch is used.
What lab findings are present in AIDS? - Answer-Decreased RBC's, WBC's and
platelets
What is the most important intervention in treating AGN? - Answer-Bedrest - they can
walk if hematuria, edema and hypertension are gone.
What is the most common dietary restriction for AGN? - Answer-Moderate sodium
restriction. Fluid restriction is #2 if edema is severe.
What are the urinaysis findings on AGN? - Answer-Hematuria
Proteinuria +3 to +4
Specific gravity Up
How do you assess fluid excess in the child with AGN? - Answer-Daily weight
