PN 131 Newborn Questions and Answers 2024/2025

Neonatal Transition to Extrauterine Life  Phase 1: Period of reactivity, 0-30 minutes after birth Phase 2: Decreased responsiveness, 30 minutes to 2 hours after birth Phase 3: Second period of reactivity, 2 to 8 hours after birth Immediate care after birth  -Airway maintenance #1 -Maintaining body temperature #2 -Immediate interventions -Eye prophylaxis -Vitamin K prophylaxis -Promoting parent-infant interaction -Apgar scoring (1 min & 5 min) and initial assessment Physical Assessment of Newborn  -General appearance -Vital signs -Baseline measurements -Weight g (5.5-8.8 lb) -Head circumference 32-36.8 cm (12.6-14.5") 2 0 2 4 /2025 | © copyright | This work may not be copied for profit gain Excel! 1 | P a g e | G r a d e A + | 2 0 24 / 2 0 2 5 -Length 45-55 cm (17.7-21.7") -Neurologic assessment First period of reactivity  30-60min after birth -Heart rate increases to 160 to 180 beats/min -Decreases after 30 minutes to baseline -Alert and has spontaneous startles, crying, and head movement -Best time to initiate 1st breastfeeding Period of decreased responsiveness  lasts 60-100min -Infant is pink -Respirations rapid and shallow up to 60 breaths per minute -Sleeps or has a marked decrease in motor activity Second period of reactivity  Lasts 10min-several hours -Occurs between 2 and 8 hours after birth -Tachycardia, tachypnea occur -Meconium passed -Increased muscle tone, changes in skin color, 2 0 2 4 /2025 | © copyright | This work may not be copied for profit gain Excel! 1 | P a g e | G r a d e A + | 2 0 24 / 2 0 2 5 and mucus production Neonatal responses to pain  - Heartrate & Respiratory Changes - BP Increases - BG levels rise - Clenched fist - Increased muscle tone - Tightly closed eyes - Rapid, shallow respiration