PRITE Exam: Questions And Proper Solutions (100%)
Neural plasticity largely mediated through the capacity to rapidly change in
number and morphology of? Right Ans - DENDRITIC SPINES
The uncinated fasciculus connects which of the following brain areas?
Right Ans - ANTERIOR TEMPORAL AND VENTRAL PRE-FRONTAL REGIONS
Abnormal emotional expressions such as pathological laughter or crying
caused by lesions affecting cortical subcortical circuits linking: Right Ans -
CEREBELLUM
FRONTAL CORTEX
and
PONS
Exposure to light effects which brain structure? Right Ans -
SUPRACHIASMATIC NUCLEUS
Where does the neuron morphology in the brain change the most? Right
Ans - PREFRONTAL CORTEX
17y/o is evaluated for binge eating associated with a 60 lb weight gain over
the past four months. CT shows a craniopharyngioma that likely disrupts what
structure? [be SPECIFIC] Right Ans - VENTROMEDIAL HYPOTHALAMUS
What is an accurate statement about the brain's default mode network?
Right Ans - IS INVOLVED IN REPROCESSING PREVIOUSLY EXPERIENCED
STIMULI
Most likely reason that adults are superior to adolescents in abstract thinking?
Right Ans - The brain undergoes: SYNAPTIC PRUNING
Dorsal-lateral-pre-frontal cortex plays important role in what activity?
Right Ans - WORKING MEMORY
Drug abuse activates neuro circuits. Generates signals in the ventral tegmental
area and to where? Right Ans - DOPAMINE INTO THE NUCLEUS
ACCUMBENS
,Ninety-five percent of right-handed people develop left hemispheric
dominance for language. What percentage of left handed people develop left
hemispheric dominance for language? Right Ans - 75%
28 y.o. hospitalized with paranoid delusions, AH, and agitation, tx w/Haldol 5,
pt becomes rigid & mute, in days gets choreiform mvmt, has seizures, gets
resp problems leading to ICU admit. Exam shows ovarian mass. CSF will show
antibodies to? Right Ans - NMDA RECEPTORS
Role of glycine at NMDA receptor? Right Ans - OBLIGATE COAGONIST
What is the 5HT3 receptor classification? Right Ans - LIGAND GATED
Pain by neurogenic inflammation mediated by? Right Ans - SUBSTANCE P
Unsteady gait, appendicular ataxia in LE only and normal eye movement.
Walks with lurching broad based gait. (8x) Right Ans - CEREBELLAR
DEGENERATION (ALCOHOLIC)
9 y/o F has 3 month h/o seemingly unprovoked bouts of laughter. Worse
when not sleeping well. Pt does not feel happy during these episodes. Started
menstruating 6 months ago, and at Tanner stage 4. Dx? (2x) Right Ans -
HYPOTHALAMIC HAMARTOMA
Young adult gained 70 lbs in last year c/o daily severe headaches sometimes
associated with graying out of vision. Papilledema present. CT and MRI brain
no abnormalities but ventricles smaller than usual. Goal of treatment in this
case: Right Ans - PREVENT BLINDNESS
Pt presents with a slowly progressive gait disorder, followed by impairment of
mental function, and sphincteric incontinence. No papilledema or headaches
are reported. Likely diagnosis? (3x) Right Ans - NORMAL PRESSURE
HYDROCEPHALUS
Tremor with a frequency of around 3 Hz, irregular amplitude, most evident
towards the end of reaching movements: (2x) Right Ans - CEREBELLAR
TUMOR
,Ptosis R eye, dilated R pupil, double vision, L-sided hemiparesis, no cognitive
impairment. Where is lesion? (x2) Right Ans - MIDBRAIN
5 y/o presents w/ sudden onset of slurred speech and gait difficulty. Exam
shows truncal ataxia and nystagmus, mild dysarthria and extensor plantar
responses. Recent h/o measles. MRI, UA, blood work unremarkable. Dx?
Right Ans - ACUTE CEREBELLITIS
Inability to name obj held in left hand, but not in right hand, indicates lesion
in? Right Ans - CORPUS CALLOSUM
Increased risk-taking behavior. Where is lesion? Right Ans -
ORBITOFRONTAL CORTEX
Effect of lesions in one cerebellar hemisphere Right Ans - DISTURBANCE
OF SKILLED MOVEMENTS IN THE EXTREMITIES IPSILATERAL TO THE
LESION
Lesions in mammillary bodies will produce what symptom? Right Ans -
AMNESIA, CONFABULATION, LACK OF INSIGHT
Histology consistent with Jakob-Creutzfeldt disease Right Ans - CYTOSOLIC
VACUOLATION OF NEURONS AND GLIA WITH PRION INCLUSIONS
Dx for 68yo c/o falls. PE shows upright rigid posture, stiff gait, extended
knees, and pivoting while turning Right Ans - PROGRESSIVE
SUPRANUCLEAR PALSY
Hummingbird sign - midbrain atrophy
What condition is a forerunner of MS-not INO (2x) Right Ans -
TRANSVERSE MYELITIS
Akinetic mutism can result from bilateral infarctions of which structure?
Right Ans - ANTERIOR CINGULATE GYRUS
Severe occipital HA, BL papilledema and vomiting. Just started birth control
pills. Lumbar puncture elevated opening pressure with no cells, 62 mg/dl
, glucose, and 31mg/dl protein, RBC 400. CT is normal. Right Ans -
SAGITTAL SINUS THROMBOSIS
Condition most likely to account for the presence of cognitive impairment in a
pt with untreated Hep C (HCV) infection and normal ammonia level who is
HIV sero- negative. Right Ans - HCV INFECTION OF BRAIN
Which lesion causes bilateral coarse nystagmus worsening with visual fixation
and present with horizontal and vertical gaze? Right Ans - BRAINSTEM
Gait abnormality, slow movement, asymmetric UE rigidity. Difficulty in
voluntary vertical upward/downward gaze. Slowness/rigidity improved
slightly with levodopa. Later has problems with horizontal & vertical
gaze. Oculocephalic reflexes normal. Involuntary saccades. (2x) Right Ans -
PROGRESSIVE SUPRANUCLEAR PALSY
Hummingbird sign - midbrain atrophy
68 y/o pt is depressed following a hip surgery. Pt is withdrawn, looks blank,
shows dysarthria, weakness, PMR, hyperreflexia, and has trouble swallowing.
MRI of the head will show? Right Ans - PERIVENTRICULAR WHITE
MATTER DEMYELINATION
Adult LP with opening pressure 190, protein 110, glucose 27, leukocytes
5,000. Dx? Right Ans - BACTERIAL MENINGITIS
Etiology of meningitis assoc with fever, HA, CSF pleocytosis with lymphocyte
predominance, slightly elevated CSF protein, and normal CSF glucose Right
Ans - COXSACKIE VIRUS
75 y/o M, Korean war veteran, with gradual development of forgetfulness and
cognitive deterioration, presents with very fast /slurred speech and impaired
gait. A head CT shows some generalized atrophy, unusual for his age. The LP
show 35 WBC, lymphocytosis and the protein level is 110mg/Dl and elevated
gamma globulin. Dx? Right Ans - NEUROSYPHILIS
???????
25 y/o M w 7 months depression, forgetfulness, weight loss, insomnia, painful
tingling in both feet +incoordination. Involuntary choreic movements of B/L
Neural plasticity largely mediated through the capacity to rapidly change in
number and morphology of? Right Ans - DENDRITIC SPINES
The uncinated fasciculus connects which of the following brain areas?
Right Ans - ANTERIOR TEMPORAL AND VENTRAL PRE-FRONTAL REGIONS
Abnormal emotional expressions such as pathological laughter or crying
caused by lesions affecting cortical subcortical circuits linking: Right Ans -
CEREBELLUM
FRONTAL CORTEX
and
PONS
Exposure to light effects which brain structure? Right Ans -
SUPRACHIASMATIC NUCLEUS
Where does the neuron morphology in the brain change the most? Right
Ans - PREFRONTAL CORTEX
17y/o is evaluated for binge eating associated with a 60 lb weight gain over
the past four months. CT shows a craniopharyngioma that likely disrupts what
structure? [be SPECIFIC] Right Ans - VENTROMEDIAL HYPOTHALAMUS
What is an accurate statement about the brain's default mode network?
Right Ans - IS INVOLVED IN REPROCESSING PREVIOUSLY EXPERIENCED
STIMULI
Most likely reason that adults are superior to adolescents in abstract thinking?
Right Ans - The brain undergoes: SYNAPTIC PRUNING
Dorsal-lateral-pre-frontal cortex plays important role in what activity?
Right Ans - WORKING MEMORY
Drug abuse activates neuro circuits. Generates signals in the ventral tegmental
area and to where? Right Ans - DOPAMINE INTO THE NUCLEUS
ACCUMBENS
,Ninety-five percent of right-handed people develop left hemispheric
dominance for language. What percentage of left handed people develop left
hemispheric dominance for language? Right Ans - 75%
28 y.o. hospitalized with paranoid delusions, AH, and agitation, tx w/Haldol 5,
pt becomes rigid & mute, in days gets choreiform mvmt, has seizures, gets
resp problems leading to ICU admit. Exam shows ovarian mass. CSF will show
antibodies to? Right Ans - NMDA RECEPTORS
Role of glycine at NMDA receptor? Right Ans - OBLIGATE COAGONIST
What is the 5HT3 receptor classification? Right Ans - LIGAND GATED
Pain by neurogenic inflammation mediated by? Right Ans - SUBSTANCE P
Unsteady gait, appendicular ataxia in LE only and normal eye movement.
Walks with lurching broad based gait. (8x) Right Ans - CEREBELLAR
DEGENERATION (ALCOHOLIC)
9 y/o F has 3 month h/o seemingly unprovoked bouts of laughter. Worse
when not sleeping well. Pt does not feel happy during these episodes. Started
menstruating 6 months ago, and at Tanner stage 4. Dx? (2x) Right Ans -
HYPOTHALAMIC HAMARTOMA
Young adult gained 70 lbs in last year c/o daily severe headaches sometimes
associated with graying out of vision. Papilledema present. CT and MRI brain
no abnormalities but ventricles smaller than usual. Goal of treatment in this
case: Right Ans - PREVENT BLINDNESS
Pt presents with a slowly progressive gait disorder, followed by impairment of
mental function, and sphincteric incontinence. No papilledema or headaches
are reported. Likely diagnosis? (3x) Right Ans - NORMAL PRESSURE
HYDROCEPHALUS
Tremor with a frequency of around 3 Hz, irregular amplitude, most evident
towards the end of reaching movements: (2x) Right Ans - CEREBELLAR
TUMOR
,Ptosis R eye, dilated R pupil, double vision, L-sided hemiparesis, no cognitive
impairment. Where is lesion? (x2) Right Ans - MIDBRAIN
5 y/o presents w/ sudden onset of slurred speech and gait difficulty. Exam
shows truncal ataxia and nystagmus, mild dysarthria and extensor plantar
responses. Recent h/o measles. MRI, UA, blood work unremarkable. Dx?
Right Ans - ACUTE CEREBELLITIS
Inability to name obj held in left hand, but not in right hand, indicates lesion
in? Right Ans - CORPUS CALLOSUM
Increased risk-taking behavior. Where is lesion? Right Ans -
ORBITOFRONTAL CORTEX
Effect of lesions in one cerebellar hemisphere Right Ans - DISTURBANCE
OF SKILLED MOVEMENTS IN THE EXTREMITIES IPSILATERAL TO THE
LESION
Lesions in mammillary bodies will produce what symptom? Right Ans -
AMNESIA, CONFABULATION, LACK OF INSIGHT
Histology consistent with Jakob-Creutzfeldt disease Right Ans - CYTOSOLIC
VACUOLATION OF NEURONS AND GLIA WITH PRION INCLUSIONS
Dx for 68yo c/o falls. PE shows upright rigid posture, stiff gait, extended
knees, and pivoting while turning Right Ans - PROGRESSIVE
SUPRANUCLEAR PALSY
Hummingbird sign - midbrain atrophy
What condition is a forerunner of MS-not INO (2x) Right Ans -
TRANSVERSE MYELITIS
Akinetic mutism can result from bilateral infarctions of which structure?
Right Ans - ANTERIOR CINGULATE GYRUS
Severe occipital HA, BL papilledema and vomiting. Just started birth control
pills. Lumbar puncture elevated opening pressure with no cells, 62 mg/dl
, glucose, and 31mg/dl protein, RBC 400. CT is normal. Right Ans -
SAGITTAL SINUS THROMBOSIS
Condition most likely to account for the presence of cognitive impairment in a
pt with untreated Hep C (HCV) infection and normal ammonia level who is
HIV sero- negative. Right Ans - HCV INFECTION OF BRAIN
Which lesion causes bilateral coarse nystagmus worsening with visual fixation
and present with horizontal and vertical gaze? Right Ans - BRAINSTEM
Gait abnormality, slow movement, asymmetric UE rigidity. Difficulty in
voluntary vertical upward/downward gaze. Slowness/rigidity improved
slightly with levodopa. Later has problems with horizontal & vertical
gaze. Oculocephalic reflexes normal. Involuntary saccades. (2x) Right Ans -
PROGRESSIVE SUPRANUCLEAR PALSY
Hummingbird sign - midbrain atrophy
68 y/o pt is depressed following a hip surgery. Pt is withdrawn, looks blank,
shows dysarthria, weakness, PMR, hyperreflexia, and has trouble swallowing.
MRI of the head will show? Right Ans - PERIVENTRICULAR WHITE
MATTER DEMYELINATION
Adult LP with opening pressure 190, protein 110, glucose 27, leukocytes
5,000. Dx? Right Ans - BACTERIAL MENINGITIS
Etiology of meningitis assoc with fever, HA, CSF pleocytosis with lymphocyte
predominance, slightly elevated CSF protein, and normal CSF glucose Right
Ans - COXSACKIE VIRUS
75 y/o M, Korean war veteran, with gradual development of forgetfulness and
cognitive deterioration, presents with very fast /slurred speech and impaired
gait. A head CT shows some generalized atrophy, unusual for his age. The LP
show 35 WBC, lymphocytosis and the protein level is 110mg/Dl and elevated
gamma globulin. Dx? Right Ans - NEUROSYPHILIS
???????
25 y/o M w 7 months depression, forgetfulness, weight loss, insomnia, painful
tingling in both feet +incoordination. Involuntary choreic movements of B/L
