HESI CARDIOVASCULAR STUDY GUIDE
( LATEST ) ACTUAL QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
100% CORRECT
1. Joy's cardiac status has remained stable during hospitalization, and the
health care provider decides that she should undergo an exercise stress test.
Which instructions does the nurse give Joy while explaining the test? Select
all that apply.:
Answer:
joy will need to ask her fiancé to bring her a pair of supportive shoes and loose-
fitting clothing.
Joy can ask to have the test stopped for excess fatigue, shortness of breath, leg
cramps, or angina
2. Joy experiences chest pain that radiates to her jaw during the stress test,
and the test is stopped. She is given a sublingual nitroglycerin tablet, which
relieves the chest pain. Joy is transported back to her hospital room and monitored
closely. Joy's health care provider schedules cardiac catheterization,
to be performed the next day, and the nurse prepares her for the test. Which
information does the nurse give Joy?:
Answer:
he catheter insertion site will have to be shaved and be antiseptically prepared.
3. joy undergoes cardiac catheterization. The results indicate that her coronary
arteries are patent, and her health care provider determines that she can
be successfully treated with cardiac medications. Joy is transported to her
hospital room for postcatheterization care. Which interventions will the nurse
plan to implement in the immediate postcatheterization period?:
Answer:
Checking Joy's pedal pulse in the affected extremity
Assessing postcatheterization vital signs per hospital policy
Calling the rapid-response team if dysrhythmias or chest pain occurs
4. Coronary Artery Disease:
Answer:
Narrowing or obstruction of one or more coronary arteries results from
atherosclerosis, an accumulation of lipid-containing plaque in the arteries.
Symptoms occur when the coronary artery is occluded to point that blood supply to
,the muscle becomes inadequate, causing ischemia.
Coronary artery disease (CAD) results in hypertension, angina, dysrhythmias,
myocardial infarction, heart failure, and death.
The goal of treatment (which includes a low-fat diet, regular exercise, and
medications such as cholesterol-decreasing medications) is to slow the
atherosclerotic progression.
5. Coronary Artery Disease diet:
Answer:
Teach the client to consume a low-calorie, low-sodium, low-cholesterol, low-fat
diet with an increased amount of fiber.
6. Coronary Artery Disease Surgical Procedures:
Answer:
Percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty is performed to compress the
plaque against the walls of the occluded artery and dilate the vessel.
Laser angioplasty vaporizes the plaque.
In atherectomy, the plaque is removed from the artery.
A vascular stent may be placed to prevent the artery from closing and prevent
further stenosis.
Coronary artery bypass grafting is performed to improve blood flow to myocardial
tissue at risk for ischemia or infarction resulting from occlusion of the artery.
7. coronary artery disease medications:
Answer:
Nitrates are used to dilate the coronary\ arteries.
Calcium channel blockers are prescribed to dilate the coronary arteries and reduce
vasospasm.
Cholesterol-decreasing medications slow the development of atherosclerotic
plaques.
Beta-blockers are prescribed to reduce blood pressure in hypertensive clients
8. Angina:
Answer:
Angina is chest pain resulting from myocardial ischemia caused by inadequate
myocardial blood and oxygen supply.
Causes include obstruction of coronary blood flow resulting from atherosclerosis,
coronary artery spasm, and conditions increasing myocardial oxygen consumption.
9. angina assessment findings:
, Answer:
Pain
Dyspnea
Pallor
Sweating
Palpitations and tachycardia
Dizziness and faintness
Hypertension
Digestive disturbances
10. The nurse collects data from a client who has experienced an episode
of chest pain. The client tells the nurse that the chest pain started shortly
after he started raking leaves but went away after he rested and took a nitroglyerin
tablet. Which type of angina should the nurse recognize in the
client's description?:
Answer:
stable
11. Stable angina:
Answer:
Also called exertional angina
Occurs during activities that involve exertion or emotional stress; relieved by rest
or nitroglycerin
Usually has a stable pattern of onset, duration, severity, and relieving factors
12. Unstable angina:
Answer:
Also called preinfarction angina
Occurs with an unpredictable degree of exertion or emotion and increases in
occurrence, duration, and severity over time
May not be relieved by nitroglycerin
13. Electrocardiography:
Answer:
This commonly used noninvasive diagnostic test, also known as the ECG, aids
evaluation of heart function by recording electrical activity.
14. Holter Monitoring:
( LATEST ) ACTUAL QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
100% CORRECT
1. Joy's cardiac status has remained stable during hospitalization, and the
health care provider decides that she should undergo an exercise stress test.
Which instructions does the nurse give Joy while explaining the test? Select
all that apply.:
Answer:
joy will need to ask her fiancé to bring her a pair of supportive shoes and loose-
fitting clothing.
Joy can ask to have the test stopped for excess fatigue, shortness of breath, leg
cramps, or angina
2. Joy experiences chest pain that radiates to her jaw during the stress test,
and the test is stopped. She is given a sublingual nitroglycerin tablet, which
relieves the chest pain. Joy is transported back to her hospital room and monitored
closely. Joy's health care provider schedules cardiac catheterization,
to be performed the next day, and the nurse prepares her for the test. Which
information does the nurse give Joy?:
Answer:
he catheter insertion site will have to be shaved and be antiseptically prepared.
3. joy undergoes cardiac catheterization. The results indicate that her coronary
arteries are patent, and her health care provider determines that she can
be successfully treated with cardiac medications. Joy is transported to her
hospital room for postcatheterization care. Which interventions will the nurse
plan to implement in the immediate postcatheterization period?:
Answer:
Checking Joy's pedal pulse in the affected extremity
Assessing postcatheterization vital signs per hospital policy
Calling the rapid-response team if dysrhythmias or chest pain occurs
4. Coronary Artery Disease:
Answer:
Narrowing or obstruction of one or more coronary arteries results from
atherosclerosis, an accumulation of lipid-containing plaque in the arteries.
Symptoms occur when the coronary artery is occluded to point that blood supply to
,the muscle becomes inadequate, causing ischemia.
Coronary artery disease (CAD) results in hypertension, angina, dysrhythmias,
myocardial infarction, heart failure, and death.
The goal of treatment (which includes a low-fat diet, regular exercise, and
medications such as cholesterol-decreasing medications) is to slow the
atherosclerotic progression.
5. Coronary Artery Disease diet:
Answer:
Teach the client to consume a low-calorie, low-sodium, low-cholesterol, low-fat
diet with an increased amount of fiber.
6. Coronary Artery Disease Surgical Procedures:
Answer:
Percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty is performed to compress the
plaque against the walls of the occluded artery and dilate the vessel.
Laser angioplasty vaporizes the plaque.
In atherectomy, the plaque is removed from the artery.
A vascular stent may be placed to prevent the artery from closing and prevent
further stenosis.
Coronary artery bypass grafting is performed to improve blood flow to myocardial
tissue at risk for ischemia or infarction resulting from occlusion of the artery.
7. coronary artery disease medications:
Answer:
Nitrates are used to dilate the coronary\ arteries.
Calcium channel blockers are prescribed to dilate the coronary arteries and reduce
vasospasm.
Cholesterol-decreasing medications slow the development of atherosclerotic
plaques.
Beta-blockers are prescribed to reduce blood pressure in hypertensive clients
8. Angina:
Answer:
Angina is chest pain resulting from myocardial ischemia caused by inadequate
myocardial blood and oxygen supply.
Causes include obstruction of coronary blood flow resulting from atherosclerosis,
coronary artery spasm, and conditions increasing myocardial oxygen consumption.
9. angina assessment findings:
, Answer:
Pain
Dyspnea
Pallor
Sweating
Palpitations and tachycardia
Dizziness and faintness
Hypertension
Digestive disturbances
10. The nurse collects data from a client who has experienced an episode
of chest pain. The client tells the nurse that the chest pain started shortly
after he started raking leaves but went away after he rested and took a nitroglyerin
tablet. Which type of angina should the nurse recognize in the
client's description?:
Answer:
stable
11. Stable angina:
Answer:
Also called exertional angina
Occurs during activities that involve exertion or emotional stress; relieved by rest
or nitroglycerin
Usually has a stable pattern of onset, duration, severity, and relieving factors
12. Unstable angina:
Answer:
Also called preinfarction angina
Occurs with an unpredictable degree of exertion or emotion and increases in
occurrence, duration, and severity over time
May not be relieved by nitroglycerin
13. Electrocardiography:
Answer:
This commonly used noninvasive diagnostic test, also known as the ECG, aids
evaluation of heart function by recording electrical activity.
14. Holter Monitoring:
