BCPS 2024-2025 Exam Questions &
Answers 100% Correct!!
components of CHADsVASc score - ANSWERC: congestive HF (+1)
H: hypertension (+1)
A: age > 75 (+2)
D: DM (+1)
S: stroke/TIA/thromboembolism (+2)
V: vascular disease (+1)
A: age 65-74 (+1)
S: sex = female (+1)
components of HAS-BLED score - ANSWERH: hypertension - SBP > 160 (+1)
A: abnormal liver/renal function (+1 for either)
S: stroke hx (+1)
B: bleeding predisposition (+1)
L: labile INR (+1)
E: elderly > 65 (+1)
D: drug/alcohol use - blood thinners (+1), alc > 8 drinks/week (+1)
When to use apixaban 2.5 mg BID? - ANSWER2/3 Criteria:
1. age 80 or older
2. weight 60 kg or less
3. SCr 1.5 or greater
When to dose reduce rivaroxaban and edoxaban for renal function? - ANSWERCrCl < 50
Rivaroxaban to 15 mg daily and edoxaban to 30 mg daily
,When to dose reduce dabigatran for renal function? - ANSWERCrCl < 30 to 74 mg BID
Protamine is a reversal agent for: - ANSWERHeparin
Off label: LMWH
Andexanet alfa is a reversal agent for: - ANSWERFactor Xa inhibitors (apixaban & rivaroxaban)
Idarucizumab (Praxbind) is the reversal agent for: - ANSWERDabigatran
INR goal for mechanical mitral valve - ANSWER2.5-3.5
Duration of treatment with aspirin for patients with bioprosthetic surgical aortic or mitral valves -
ANSWERindefinitely
Duration of treatment with DAPT for patients with bare metal stent - ANSWERat least 1 month
Duration of treatment with warfarin for patients with bioprosthetic surgical aortic or mitral valves -
ANSWERat least 3 months
Duration of treatment with DAPT for patients with a drug-eluting stent - ANSWERat least 1 year
Risk factors for developing VTE - ANSWERAge > or = 40
Surgery
Trauma
Hypercoagulable states
Central venous catheterization
Estrogen use or selective estrogen receptor modulators
Erythropoiesis-stimulating agents
Previous VTE
Cancer & treatments
, Immobility or lower-extremity paresis
Various medical conditions/disease states
Smoking
Obesity
Hierarchy of clinical study design - ANSWER1. Systematic reviews/meta-analysis
2. RCT
3. Cohort
4. Case-control
5. Cross-sectional
6. Case series/case reports
7. Ideas, opinions, reviews
internal validity - ANSWERthe degree to which the outcome can be explained by differences in
assigned groups
Factors affecting internal validity - ANSWERpoor design
inadequate randomization
lack of or inappropriate blinding
imprecise/inaccurate measurement or inappropriate stat method
incomplete or selective outcome reporting
external validity - ANSWERthe degree to which the findings can be generalized or extrapolated to a
population beyond the study
factors affecting external validity - ANSWERsetting of trial
patient selection -- exclusions, etc
patient characteristics
trial protocol vs. routine practice
outcome measures and follow-up
adverse effects of treatment
Answers 100% Correct!!
components of CHADsVASc score - ANSWERC: congestive HF (+1)
H: hypertension (+1)
A: age > 75 (+2)
D: DM (+1)
S: stroke/TIA/thromboembolism (+2)
V: vascular disease (+1)
A: age 65-74 (+1)
S: sex = female (+1)
components of HAS-BLED score - ANSWERH: hypertension - SBP > 160 (+1)
A: abnormal liver/renal function (+1 for either)
S: stroke hx (+1)
B: bleeding predisposition (+1)
L: labile INR (+1)
E: elderly > 65 (+1)
D: drug/alcohol use - blood thinners (+1), alc > 8 drinks/week (+1)
When to use apixaban 2.5 mg BID? - ANSWER2/3 Criteria:
1. age 80 or older
2. weight 60 kg or less
3. SCr 1.5 or greater
When to dose reduce rivaroxaban and edoxaban for renal function? - ANSWERCrCl < 50
Rivaroxaban to 15 mg daily and edoxaban to 30 mg daily
,When to dose reduce dabigatran for renal function? - ANSWERCrCl < 30 to 74 mg BID
Protamine is a reversal agent for: - ANSWERHeparin
Off label: LMWH
Andexanet alfa is a reversal agent for: - ANSWERFactor Xa inhibitors (apixaban & rivaroxaban)
Idarucizumab (Praxbind) is the reversal agent for: - ANSWERDabigatran
INR goal for mechanical mitral valve - ANSWER2.5-3.5
Duration of treatment with aspirin for patients with bioprosthetic surgical aortic or mitral valves -
ANSWERindefinitely
Duration of treatment with DAPT for patients with bare metal stent - ANSWERat least 1 month
Duration of treatment with warfarin for patients with bioprosthetic surgical aortic or mitral valves -
ANSWERat least 3 months
Duration of treatment with DAPT for patients with a drug-eluting stent - ANSWERat least 1 year
Risk factors for developing VTE - ANSWERAge > or = 40
Surgery
Trauma
Hypercoagulable states
Central venous catheterization
Estrogen use or selective estrogen receptor modulators
Erythropoiesis-stimulating agents
Previous VTE
Cancer & treatments
, Immobility or lower-extremity paresis
Various medical conditions/disease states
Smoking
Obesity
Hierarchy of clinical study design - ANSWER1. Systematic reviews/meta-analysis
2. RCT
3. Cohort
4. Case-control
5. Cross-sectional
6. Case series/case reports
7. Ideas, opinions, reviews
internal validity - ANSWERthe degree to which the outcome can be explained by differences in
assigned groups
Factors affecting internal validity - ANSWERpoor design
inadequate randomization
lack of or inappropriate blinding
imprecise/inaccurate measurement or inappropriate stat method
incomplete or selective outcome reporting
external validity - ANSWERthe degree to which the findings can be generalized or extrapolated to a
population beyond the study
factors affecting external validity - ANSWERsetting of trial
patient selection -- exclusions, etc
patient characteristics
trial protocol vs. routine practice
outcome measures and follow-up
adverse effects of treatment
