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TEST BANK-Managerial Accounting, 18th Edition by Ray Garrison, Eric Noreen, Peter Brewer (1-16 Chapters) Complete solution |Guide A+.

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TEST BANK-Managerial Accounting, 18th Edition by Ray Garrison, Eric Noreen, Peter Brewer (1-16 Chapters) Complete solution |Guide A+.TEST BANK-Managerial Accounting, 18th Edition by Ray Garrison, Eric Noreen, Peter Brewer (1-16 Chapters) Complete solution |Guide A+.TEST BANK-Managerial Accounting, 18th Edition by Ray Garrison, Eric Noreen, Peter Brewer (1-16 Chapters) Complete solution |Guide A+.TEST BANK-Managerial Accounting, 18th Edition by Ray Garrison, Eric Noreen, Peter Brewer (1-16 Chapters) Complete solution |Guide A+.TEST BANK-Managerial Accounting, 18th Edition by Ray Garrison, Eric Noreen, Peter Brewer (1-16 Chapters) Complete solution |Guide A+.TEST BANK-Managerial Accounting, 18th Edition by Ray Garrison, Eric Noreen, Peter Brewer (1-16 Chapters) Complete solution |Guide A+.TEST BANK-Managerial Accounting, 18th Edition by Ray Garrison, Eric Noreen, Peter Brewer (1-16 Chapters) Complete solution |Guide A+.TEST BANK-Managerial Accounting, 18th Edition by Ray Garrison, Eric Noreen, Peter Brewer (1-16 Chapters) Complete solution |Guide A+.TEST BANK-Managerial Accounting, 18th Edition by Ray Garrison, Eric Noreen, Peter Brewer (1-16 Chapters) Complete solution |Guide A+.TEST BANK-Managerial Accounting, 18th Edition by Ray Garrison, Eric Noreen, Peter Brewer (1-16 Chapters) Complete solution |Guide A+.TEST BANK-Managerial Accounting, 18th Edition by Ray Garrison, Eric Noreen, Peter Brewer (1-16 Chapters) Complete solution |Guide A+.TEST BANK-Managerial Accounting, 18th Edition by Ray Garrison, Eric Noreen, Peter Brewer (1-16 Chapters) Complete solution |Guide A+.TEST BANK-Managerial Accounting, 18th Edition by Ray Garrison, Eric Noreen, Peter Brewer (1-16 Chapters) Complete solution |Guide A+.

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Managerial Accounting, 18th Edition By Ray Garriso
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Institution
Managerial Accounting, 18th Edition By Ray Garriso
Course
Managerial Accounting, 18th Edition By Ray Garriso

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,
,Chapter 1 ij




Managerial Accounting and Cost Concepts ij ij ij ij




Questions


1-1 The three major types of product ij ij ij ij ij 1-4
costsin a manufacturing company are direct
ij ij ij ij ij ij ij a. Variable cost: The variable cost per unit is ij ij ij ij ij ij ij



materials, direct labor, and manufacturing
ij ij ij ij ij constant, but total variable cost changes
ij ij ij ij ij ij



overhead.
ij indirect proportion to changes in volume.
ij ij ij ij ij ij ij


b. Fixed cost: The total fixed cost is constant ij ij ij ij ij ij ij


1-2 within the relevant range. The average
ij ij ij ij ij ij


a. Direct materials are an integral part of ij ij ij ij ij ij fixedcost per unit varies inversely with
ij ij ij ij ij ij ij


afinished product and their costs can be
ij ij ij ij ij ij ij ij changes in volume.
ij ij ij



conveniently traced to it.
ij ij ij ij c. Mixed cost: A mixed cost contains ij ij ij ij ij



b. Indirect materials are generally small ij ij ij ij bothvariable and fixed cost elements.
ij ij ij ij ij ij



items of material such as glue and nails. They
ij ij ij ij ij ij ij ij ij



may be an integral part of a finished product
ij ij ij ij ij ij ij ij ij 1-5
buttheir costs can be traced to the product only
ij ij ij ij ij ij ij ij ij ij a. Unit fixed costs decrease as the activity ij ij ij ij ij ij


at great cost or inconvenience.
ij ij ij ij ij levelincreases.
ij ij


c. Direct labor consists of labor costs ij ij ij ij ij b. Unit variable costs remain constant as ij ij ij ij ij


thatcan be easily traced to particular products.
ij ij ij ij ij ij ij ij theactivity level increases.
ij ij ij ij


Directlaboris also called―touch labor.‖ ij ij ij ij ij ij c. Total fixed costs remain constant as ij ij ij ij ij



d. Indirect labor consists of the labor ij ij ij ij ij theactivity level increases.
ij ij ij ij



costsof janitors, supervisors, materials handlers,
ij ij ij ij ij ij d. Total variable costs increase as the ij ij ij ij ij



andother factory workers that cannot be
ij ij ij ij ij ij ij activitylevel increases.
ij ij ij



conveniently traced to particular products.
ij ij ij ij ij



These labor costs are incurred to support
ij ij ij ij ij ij ij 1-6
production, but the workers involved do not
ij ij ij ij ij ij ij a. Cost behavior: Cost behavior refers to the ij ij ij ij ij ij



directly work on the product.
ij ij ij ij ij way in which costs change in response to
ij ij ij ij ij ij ij ij



e. Manufacturing overhead includes all ij ij ij changes in a measure of activity such as
ij ij ij ij ij ij ij ij



manufacturing costs except direct materials
ij ij ij ij ij sales volume, production volume, or
ij ij ij ij ij



anddirect labor. Consequently, manufacturing
ij ij ij ij ij ordersprocessed.
ij ij


overhead includes indirect materials and
ij ij ij ij ij b. Relevant range: The relevant range is ij ij ij ij ij


indirectlabor as well as other manufacturing
ij ij ij ij ij ij ij therange of activity within which
ij ij ij ij ij ij


costs.
ij assumptionsabout variable and fixed cost
ij ij ij ij ij ij


behavior arevalid.
ij ij ij


1-3 A product cost is any cost involved in ij ij ij ij ij ij ij



purchasing or manufacturing goods. In the
ij ij ij ij ij ij 1-7 An activity base is a measure of ij ij ij ij ij ij



caseof manufactured goods, these costs consist
ij ij ij ij ij ij ij whatever causes the incurrence of a
ij ij ij ij ij ij



of direct materials, direct labor, and
ij ij ij ij ij ij variablecost. Examples of activity bases
ij ij ij ij ij ij



manufacturingoverhead. A period cost is a cost
ij ij ij ij ij ij ij ij include unitsproduced, units sold, letters
ij ij ij ij ij ij



that is taken directly to the income statement as
ij ij ij ij ij ij ij ij ij typed, beds in ahospital, meals served in a
ij ij ij ij ij ij ij ij ij



an expense in the period in which it is incurred.
ij ij ij ij ij ij ij ij ij ij cafe, service callsmade, etc.
ij ij ij ij ij




1-8 The linear assumption is reasonably ij ij ij ij



valid providing that the cost formula is used
ij ij ij ij ij ij ij ij


onlywithin the relevant range.
ij ij ij ij ij




© McGraw Hill LLC. All rights reserved. No reproduction or distribution without the prior written consentof
ij ij ij ij ij ij ij ij ij ij ij ij ij ij ij ij



McGraw Hill LLC.
ij ij ij




Managerial Accounting 18th Edition, Solutions Manual, Chapter 1 ij ij ij ij ij ij ij 1

, 1-9 A discretionary fixed cost has a fairly ij ij ij ij ij ij 1-11 The traditional approach organizes ij ij ij



short planning horizon—usually a year. Such
ij ij ij ij ij ij costsby function, such as production, selling,
ij ij ij ij ij ij ij



costs arise from annual decisions by
ij ij ij ij ij ij and administration. Within a functional area,
ij ij ij ij ij ij



management to spend on certain fixed cost
ij ij ij ij ij ij ij fixed and variable costs are intermingled. The
ij ij ij ij ij ij ij



items, such as advertising, research, and
ij ij ij ij ij ij contribution approach income statement
ij ij ij ij



management development. A committed
ij ij ij ij organizes costs by behavior, first deducting
ij ij ij ij ij ij



fixedcost has a long planning horizon—
ij ij ij ij ij ij ij variable expenses to obtain contribution
ij ij ij ij ij



generally many years. Such costs relate to a ij ij ij ij ij ij ij margin,and then deducting fixed expenses to
ij ij ij ij ij ij ij



company’sinvestment in facilities, equipment,
ij ij ij ij ij obtain netoperating income.
ij ij ij ij



and basic organization. Once such costs have
ij ij ij ij ij ij ij



been incurred, they are ―locked in‖ for many
ij ij ij ij ij ij ij ij 1-12 The contribution margin is total ij ij ij ij



years.
ij salesrevenue less total variable expenses.
ij ij ij ij ij ij




1-10 Yes. As the anticipated level of activity ij ij ij ij ij ij 1-13 A differential cost is a cost that differs ij ij ij ij ij ij ij



changes, the level of fixed costs needed to
ij ij ij ij ij ij ij ij between alternatives in a decision. A sunk cost
ij ij ij ij ij ij ij ij



support operations may also change. Most
ij ij ij ij ij ij is a cost that has already been incurred and
ij ij ij ij ij ij ij ij ij



fixedcosts are adjusted upward and downward
ij ij ij ij ij ij ij cannot be altered by any decision taken now or
ij ij ij ij ij ij ij ij ij



in large steps, rather than being absolutely fixed
ij ij ij ij ij ij ij ij in the future. An opportunity cost is the
ij ij ij ij ij ij ij ij



atone level for all ranges of activity.
ij ij ij ij ij ij ij ij potentialbenefit that is given up when one
ij ij ij ij ij ij ij ij



alternative is selected over another.
ij ij ij ij ij




1-14 No, differential costs can be either ij ij ij ij ij



variable or fixed. For example, the alternatives
ij ij ij ij ij ij ij



might consist of purchasing one machine
ij ij ij ij ij ij



ratherthan another to make a product. The
ij ij ij ij ij ij ij ij



differencebetween the fixed costs of purchasing
ij ij ij ij ij ij ij



the two machines is a differential cost.
ij ij ij ij ij ij ij




© McGraw Hill LLC. All rights reserved. No reproduction or distribution without the prior written consentof
ij ij ij ij ij ij ij ij ij ij ij ij ij ij ij ij



McGraw Hill LLC.
ij ij ij




Managerial Accounting 18th Edition, Solutions Manual, Chapter 1 ij ij ij ij ij ij ij

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