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company almost always has multiple goals
goal has 3 components: an attribute sought, a target to be achieved, and a time frame
objectives the ends or results desired by an organization
derived from organization's mission
strategic plans those plans that establish the long-range objectives and overall strategy or
course of action by which a firm fulfills its mission
tactical plans short-range plans designed to implement and objectives specified in the
strategic plan
operational plans very short-term plans that specify what actions individuals, work
groups, or departments need to accomplish in order to achieve the tactical plan and ultimately the
strategic plan
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crisis management/contingency planning an element in planning that deals with potential
disasters such as product tampering, oil spills, fire, earthquake, computer virus, or airplane crash
FEMA Federal Emergency Management Agency
says that approx. 40% of small businesses do not reopen after a disaster
organizing the structuring of resources and activities to accomplish objectives in an
efficient and effective manner
directing motivating and leading employees to achieve organizational objectives
controlling the process of evaluating and correcting activities to keep the organization on
course
5 activities involved in control 1) measuring performance
2) comparing present performance with standards or objectives
3) identifying deviations from the standards
4) investigating the causes of deviations
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5) taking corrective action when necessary
top managers the president and other top executives of a business, such as the chief
executive officer (CEO), chief financial officer (CFO), and chief operations officer (CLO), who
have overall responsibility for the organization
middle managers those members of an organization responsible for the tactical planning
that implements the general guidelines established by top management
first-line managers those who supervise workers and the daily operations of an
organization
financial managers those who focus on obtaining needed funds for the successful
operation of an organization and using those funds to further organizational goals
production and operations managers those who develop and administer the activities
involved in transforming resources into goods, services, and ideas ready for the marketplace