EFMB
EFMB WRITTEN TEST EXAM QUESTIONS
AND ANSWERS UPDATED (2024/2025)
(VERIFIED ANSWERS)
True/False: In addition to providing immediate care to preserve life, limb,
or eye sight when veterinary personnel are not available, human
healthcare providers are also responsible for providing routine medical,
dental, or surgical care to Military Working Dogs in combat or austere
areas of operation - ANS ✓False, not routine care
The is the best person to control the Military Working Dog; they have the
most accurate information about past medical problems and the current
situation, and they have first aid training and can assist in care - ANS ✓dog
handler
________ is the normal temperature (rectal) range for a Military Working Dog
at rest. - ANS ✓101-103
______ is the heart/pulse rate range for a Military Working Dog at rest - ANS
✓60-80
True/False: The normal blood pressure for a Military Working Dog at rest
is systolic 120 mmHg/diastolic 80 mmHg - ANS ✓True
How long can whole blood collected in the anticoagulant CPD be stored? -
ANS ✓21 days, 35 days if in CPDA-1
How long can whole blood collected in the anticoagulant CPDA-1 be stored?
- ANS ✓35 days
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1. If stored at room temperature, fresh whole blood must be destroyed if
not used within what time period? - ANS ✓24 hours
True/False: 1. The most important safety consideration in transfusing
whole blood is that donor red blood cells be compatible with the recipient
to avoid acute hemolytic transfusion reactions. - ANS ✓True
1. How often SHOULD titer and transfusion transmitted disease retesting be
conducted? - ANS ✓90 days
True/False: Infection Prevention in Combat-related Injuries standard
precautions apply to all patients, regardless of suspected or confirmed
infectious status. - ANS ✓True
The World Health Organization's "five moments of hand hygiene" include -
ANS ✓1. Use of soap/water or alcohol sanitizer before contact.
2. Before aseptic tasks.
3. After bodily fluids exposure risk.
4. After patient contact.
5. After contact with patient surrounds even if gloved
What are Infection Prevention in Combat-related Injuries standard
precautions? - ANS ✓Hand washing,
gloves,
gowns,
masks,
goggles
or face shield
True/False: When implementing infection prevention measures in a
combat zone, cohorting is the process of clustering host nation patients
(who are not eligible to evacuate from theater) and U.S. and coalition
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patients (who are eligible for evacuation from theater) and separate when
possible to reduce the risk of cross-contamination with multi-drug
resistant organisms - ANS ✓True
________ and ________ should be worn with all patients suspected or known to
have multi-drug resistant organism colonization or infection with C.
difficile- infection (CDI). - ANS ✓gloves, gowns
What substance is NOT a highly water soluble irritant? - ANS ✓oxides of
nitrogen and phosgene (highly = acrolein, sulfur dioxide, hydrogen chloride, and
ammonia)
Treatment for chlorine inhalation includes - ANS ✓Skin decontamination,
supplemental oxygen as necessary, beta agonists and ARDS ventilatory
techniques
Which chemical irritant has a sweet, pleasant smell of mown hay? - ANS
✓Phosgene
Which chemical irritant may produce a severe cough with laryngospasm
when exposed to high concentrations? - ANS ✓Phosgene
Which chemical irritant smells like rotten eggs? - ANS ✓Hydrogen Sulfide
Deglycerolized Red Blood Cells are derived from _____ ml of whole blood
collected
inCitrate/Phosphate/DextroseorCitrate/Phosphate/Dextrose/
Adeninecollectionbags - ANS ✓450-500
Red Blood Cells are stored for up to 6 days at 1 - 6 °C before being frozen in
a cryoprotectant (40% w/v glycerol), and stored in the frozen state at
minus 65 °C or colder for up to - ANS ✓10 years
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True/False: Each unit of deglycerolized red blood cells (DRBCs) should be
considered equivalent to a fresh unit of RBCs since they are frozen within 6
days of collection and have a 14-day shelf-life upon deglycerolization - ANS
✓True
What are the clinical indications for use of each unit of deglycerolized red
blood cells (DRBCs)? - ANS ✓to supplement liquid RBCs during surge periods of
increased transfusion requirments
How long does it take to thaw frozen red blood cells in a plasma thawer? -
ANS ✓35 minutes
How long does it take to thaw frozen red blood cells in a 42°C water bath? -
ANS ✓45 minutes
Optimal but not necessarily definitive patient stabilization before transport
is critical and encompasses four connected elements. What are these
elements? - ANS ✓Injuries must be controlled, resuscitation must be optimized
and ongoing, treatments other than resuscitation should be at steady state,
deterioration requiring intervention en route must be anticipated and risks
mitigated prior to departure
True/False: Medical capability is the quality or state of being able to
provide the expected and required medical services and support to the
casualty - ANS ✓True
___________ transport is required when "the patient has a critical illness or
injury that acutely impairs one or more vital organ systems such that there
is a high probability of imminent or life-threatening deterioration in the
patient's condition during transport." - ANS ✓Critical Care
The gold standard for unstable patient transport is movement with critical
care capability led by a ____________ who is qualified, experienced, and
proficient at critical care transport. - ANS ✓physician
4
EFMB Written
EFMB WRITTEN TEST EXAM QUESTIONS
AND ANSWERS UPDATED (2024/2025)
(VERIFIED ANSWERS)
True/False: In addition to providing immediate care to preserve life, limb,
or eye sight when veterinary personnel are not available, human
healthcare providers are also responsible for providing routine medical,
dental, or surgical care to Military Working Dogs in combat or austere
areas of operation - ANS ✓False, not routine care
The is the best person to control the Military Working Dog; they have the
most accurate information about past medical problems and the current
situation, and they have first aid training and can assist in care - ANS ✓dog
handler
________ is the normal temperature (rectal) range for a Military Working Dog
at rest. - ANS ✓101-103
______ is the heart/pulse rate range for a Military Working Dog at rest - ANS
✓60-80
True/False: The normal blood pressure for a Military Working Dog at rest
is systolic 120 mmHg/diastolic 80 mmHg - ANS ✓True
How long can whole blood collected in the anticoagulant CPD be stored? -
ANS ✓21 days, 35 days if in CPDA-1
How long can whole blood collected in the anticoagulant CPDA-1 be stored?
- ANS ✓35 days
1
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1. If stored at room temperature, fresh whole blood must be destroyed if
not used within what time period? - ANS ✓24 hours
True/False: 1. The most important safety consideration in transfusing
whole blood is that donor red blood cells be compatible with the recipient
to avoid acute hemolytic transfusion reactions. - ANS ✓True
1. How often SHOULD titer and transfusion transmitted disease retesting be
conducted? - ANS ✓90 days
True/False: Infection Prevention in Combat-related Injuries standard
precautions apply to all patients, regardless of suspected or confirmed
infectious status. - ANS ✓True
The World Health Organization's "five moments of hand hygiene" include -
ANS ✓1. Use of soap/water or alcohol sanitizer before contact.
2. Before aseptic tasks.
3. After bodily fluids exposure risk.
4. After patient contact.
5. After contact with patient surrounds even if gloved
What are Infection Prevention in Combat-related Injuries standard
precautions? - ANS ✓Hand washing,
gloves,
gowns,
masks,
goggles
or face shield
True/False: When implementing infection prevention measures in a
combat zone, cohorting is the process of clustering host nation patients
(who are not eligible to evacuate from theater) and U.S. and coalition
2
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patients (who are eligible for evacuation from theater) and separate when
possible to reduce the risk of cross-contamination with multi-drug
resistant organisms - ANS ✓True
________ and ________ should be worn with all patients suspected or known to
have multi-drug resistant organism colonization or infection with C.
difficile- infection (CDI). - ANS ✓gloves, gowns
What substance is NOT a highly water soluble irritant? - ANS ✓oxides of
nitrogen and phosgene (highly = acrolein, sulfur dioxide, hydrogen chloride, and
ammonia)
Treatment for chlorine inhalation includes - ANS ✓Skin decontamination,
supplemental oxygen as necessary, beta agonists and ARDS ventilatory
techniques
Which chemical irritant has a sweet, pleasant smell of mown hay? - ANS
✓Phosgene
Which chemical irritant may produce a severe cough with laryngospasm
when exposed to high concentrations? - ANS ✓Phosgene
Which chemical irritant smells like rotten eggs? - ANS ✓Hydrogen Sulfide
Deglycerolized Red Blood Cells are derived from _____ ml of whole blood
collected
inCitrate/Phosphate/DextroseorCitrate/Phosphate/Dextrose/
Adeninecollectionbags - ANS ✓450-500
Red Blood Cells are stored for up to 6 days at 1 - 6 °C before being frozen in
a cryoprotectant (40% w/v glycerol), and stored in the frozen state at
minus 65 °C or colder for up to - ANS ✓10 years
3
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True/False: Each unit of deglycerolized red blood cells (DRBCs) should be
considered equivalent to a fresh unit of RBCs since they are frozen within 6
days of collection and have a 14-day shelf-life upon deglycerolization - ANS
✓True
What are the clinical indications for use of each unit of deglycerolized red
blood cells (DRBCs)? - ANS ✓to supplement liquid RBCs during surge periods of
increased transfusion requirments
How long does it take to thaw frozen red blood cells in a plasma thawer? -
ANS ✓35 minutes
How long does it take to thaw frozen red blood cells in a 42°C water bath? -
ANS ✓45 minutes
Optimal but not necessarily definitive patient stabilization before transport
is critical and encompasses four connected elements. What are these
elements? - ANS ✓Injuries must be controlled, resuscitation must be optimized
and ongoing, treatments other than resuscitation should be at steady state,
deterioration requiring intervention en route must be anticipated and risks
mitigated prior to departure
True/False: Medical capability is the quality or state of being able to
provide the expected and required medical services and support to the
casualty - ANS ✓True
___________ transport is required when "the patient has a critical illness or
injury that acutely impairs one or more vital organ systems such that there
is a high probability of imminent or life-threatening deterioration in the
patient's condition during transport." - ANS ✓Critical Care
The gold standard for unstable patient transport is movement with critical
care capability led by a ____________ who is qualified, experienced, and
proficient at critical care transport. - ANS ✓physician
4
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