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CSP4801 Assignment 6 (Detailed Answers) 2024

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Question 1 Many psychologists believe that one of the most important stages of cognitive development is symbolic play. You have been given a task to help a group of parents to understand symbolic play. In ten (10) points, explain in what way the quality of children’s symbolic play can have consequences on the children’s later development. Include examples that are relevant to the group of parents you are speaking to. Indicate the age of the learners that you are referring to. (20) Question 2 2.1 Some researchers found that the prescribed ages and stages in the child’s development overlooked at the part played by environmental factors. Using Bronfenbrenner's ecological systems theory as your framework, discuss 5 positive and 5 negative influences that can shape children’s development and behaviours. (20) 2.2 Refer to African perspectives on child development. Summarise the main points and compare this to Western perspectives. (20) Question 3 Discuss the significance of Educational Psychology for teachers in South Africa. (10) Question 4 Motivation in the classroom Instructions 1. What activities can you give learners to evaluate the following perspectives of motivation: Behavioural, Humanistic, Cognitive, Social cognitive and Sociocultural conceptions. (20) 2. Do a literature search for two articles that deal with differences in motivation between boys and girls. Compare the studies (participants, methods and findings). Provide the full bibliographic references of your two articles (10

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CSP4801

Assignment 6

2024

Detailed Answers

, QUESTION 1

The Role of Symbolic Play in Children's Development
Age Range: This answer focuses on children aged 3 to 6, as this is a critical period for
symbolic play development.
Symbolic play, also known as pretend play, involves children using objects, actions, or
ideas to represent other objects, actions, or ideas. This form of play has significant
implications for children’s development:
1. Language Development: Symbolic play encourages children to use language
creatively. For example, a child pretending to be a teacher will imitate complex
sentences, helping expand their vocabulary and language structures. This early
language practice lays a foundation for later communication skills and academi c
success.
2. Cognitive Flexibility: Symbolic play enables children to think abstractly and adapt
thoughts flexibly. Pretending a block is a phone or using a stick as a wand helps
children learn that objects can represent multiple things, fostering flexibility crucial for
problem-solving in school and life.
3. Emotional Regulation: Through pretend play, children practice managing emotions.
When they play "house" or "doctor," they explore various emotional roles, which
allows them to understand and regulate their own emotions. These early
experiences are foundational for emotional resilience later in life.
4. Social Skills Development: Symbolic play often involves group play, where children
must cooperate, negotiate roles, and resolve conflicts. For instance, in a pretend
supermarket scenario, children learn turn-taking and respecting others’ choices, key
skills for successful social interactions.
5. Creativity and Imagination: Symbolic play allows children to invent scenarios and
explore possibilities beyond reality. Creativity developed here supports academic
tasks such as writing and problem-solving, which require imagination and innovation.
6. Perspective-Taking: Pretend play often requires children to put themselves in
others' shoes, which helps them develop empathy. For example, playing a “parent”
role allows a child to practice nurturing and understanding others’ feelings,
supporting healthy social relationships.
7. Fine and Gross Motor Skills: Symbolic play activities like dressing up, handling
toys, or creating play settings improve children’s motor skills. These skills are
essential for tasks like writing, sports, and self-care as they grow.
8. Memory and Story Sequencing: Symbolic play often involves creating a storyline,
which enhances memory skills and understanding of sequence. For example,
children playing “school” might reenact a day’s events, aiding in organizing and
recalling information.

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