Fundamentals Test 1
Nursing, Ethics, Standards of Practice, Legal
Accountability Chapters 1, 44, 45
Infection control,Safety & Hygiene Chapters 23, 24, 25
Nursing Process Chapters 2 –7
Body Mechanics,Sleep & RestChapters 32 & 34
Vital Signs & Documentation Chapters 18 & 20
Skin Integrity, & Stress & Adaptation Chapters 35 & 12
Health Promotion Chapter 42
❖ Health and illness prevention : Health promotion
➢ Helps individuals develop a state of physical, spiritual and mental well being
➢ Activities useful to all individuals because they encourage optimal function
■ Healthy People 2030
➢ Health behaviors
■ Health status affected by health behavior
■ Teen pregnancy → less likely to receive pearly prenatal care; more
likely to drop out of school; live in poverty
■ Abuse of alcohol/illicit drugs → risk of disease, injuries, intentional death
(suicide) aka motovehicle crashes, violence, falls, drowning ( lvier
disease, hepatitis over time of prolonged use)
, ■ Tobacco use → increases risk of lung CA, TB, heart disease,
emphysema, + other diseases
■ Obesity → increased risk of heart disease, Diabetes Mellitus, Stroke
■ Sedentary lifestyle → exercise reduces risk of disease + enhances
mental/physical health
➢ Health promotion Models
■ Pender’s Health Promotion Model
■ Wheels of Wellness
, ■ Transtheoretical Model of Change → precontemplation,
contemplation, preparation, action, maintenance, termination
■ Model of Change → contemplation, determination, action,
maintenance
➢ Health promotion : Nursing Assessment
■ lifestyle/risk appraisal
■ Personal responsibility for health
■ Physical activity
■ Nutrition
● Dietary patterns/body mass
● Health screening
◆ BP screening
◆ Cancer screening tests
◆ Lab studies ( HgbA1C, lipid levels → 20 yrs or older, PSA)
◆ Dental health screening ( watch for tooth decay, gum
disease, oral cancers)
◆ Colon cancer screening ( beginning at age 45)
, ◆ Breast Cancer screening → begins at age 45
◆ Cervical cancer screening → pap smear starts at age 21
◆ Testicular cancer screening
◆ Prostate cancer screening
◆ Skin cancer screening
■ Occupation
■ Activities that promote optimal living
■ Spiritual growth
■ Stress management
■ Health Risk Appraisal tools → questionnaires that evaluate risk for
disease based on current demographic data, lifestyle and health
behaviors.
● Health hx/physical examination
● Physical fitness levels
● Flexibility
● Life-stress review
● Health beliefs ( cultural/personal experiences)
■ Nursing interventions
● Role modeling → demonstrating behaviors/attitudes to be
learned ( ex: weight loss group)
● Counseling ( individual/telephone) → setting goals and
mapping out strategies/steps to reach pt. goals
● Health education → self care strategies, caregiver concerns
◆ Topics include exercise, nutrition, disease prevention
● Supporting lifestyle changes → provide support,
encouragement + resources
❖ Priority in Assessment
➢ Priority Setting Problems
■ First level : emergent, life-threatening, immediate → Airway, Breathing,
Circulation/Cardiac, Vital Signs
■ Second level: next in urgency → mental status change, abnormal lab
values, acute pain
■ Third level: important but can be addressed after more urgent
problems, long term interventions, and responses→ activity, rest, family
coping
■ Collaborative: involves multiple discipline
Nursing, Ethics, Standards of Practice, Legal
Accountability Chapters 1, 44, 45
Infection control,Safety & Hygiene Chapters 23, 24, 25
Nursing Process Chapters 2 –7
Body Mechanics,Sleep & RestChapters 32 & 34
Vital Signs & Documentation Chapters 18 & 20
Skin Integrity, & Stress & Adaptation Chapters 35 & 12
Health Promotion Chapter 42
❖ Health and illness prevention : Health promotion
➢ Helps individuals develop a state of physical, spiritual and mental well being
➢ Activities useful to all individuals because they encourage optimal function
■ Healthy People 2030
➢ Health behaviors
■ Health status affected by health behavior
■ Teen pregnancy → less likely to receive pearly prenatal care; more
likely to drop out of school; live in poverty
■ Abuse of alcohol/illicit drugs → risk of disease, injuries, intentional death
(suicide) aka motovehicle crashes, violence, falls, drowning ( lvier
disease, hepatitis over time of prolonged use)
, ■ Tobacco use → increases risk of lung CA, TB, heart disease,
emphysema, + other diseases
■ Obesity → increased risk of heart disease, Diabetes Mellitus, Stroke
■ Sedentary lifestyle → exercise reduces risk of disease + enhances
mental/physical health
➢ Health promotion Models
■ Pender’s Health Promotion Model
■ Wheels of Wellness
, ■ Transtheoretical Model of Change → precontemplation,
contemplation, preparation, action, maintenance, termination
■ Model of Change → contemplation, determination, action,
maintenance
➢ Health promotion : Nursing Assessment
■ lifestyle/risk appraisal
■ Personal responsibility for health
■ Physical activity
■ Nutrition
● Dietary patterns/body mass
● Health screening
◆ BP screening
◆ Cancer screening tests
◆ Lab studies ( HgbA1C, lipid levels → 20 yrs or older, PSA)
◆ Dental health screening ( watch for tooth decay, gum
disease, oral cancers)
◆ Colon cancer screening ( beginning at age 45)
, ◆ Breast Cancer screening → begins at age 45
◆ Cervical cancer screening → pap smear starts at age 21
◆ Testicular cancer screening
◆ Prostate cancer screening
◆ Skin cancer screening
■ Occupation
■ Activities that promote optimal living
■ Spiritual growth
■ Stress management
■ Health Risk Appraisal tools → questionnaires that evaluate risk for
disease based on current demographic data, lifestyle and health
behaviors.
● Health hx/physical examination
● Physical fitness levels
● Flexibility
● Life-stress review
● Health beliefs ( cultural/personal experiences)
■ Nursing interventions
● Role modeling → demonstrating behaviors/attitudes to be
learned ( ex: weight loss group)
● Counseling ( individual/telephone) → setting goals and
mapping out strategies/steps to reach pt. goals
● Health education → self care strategies, caregiver concerns
◆ Topics include exercise, nutrition, disease prevention
● Supporting lifestyle changes → provide support,
encouragement + resources
❖ Priority in Assessment
➢ Priority Setting Problems
■ First level : emergent, life-threatening, immediate → Airway, Breathing,
Circulation/Cardiac, Vital Signs
■ Second level: next in urgency → mental status change, abnormal lab
values, acute pain
■ Third level: important but can be addressed after more urgent
problems, long term interventions, and responses→ activity, rest, family
coping
■ Collaborative: involves multiple discipline
