Early Childhood Growth and Development Exam Practice Solution Manual Already Passed

Early Childhood Growth and Development Exam Practice Solution Manual Already Passed The nurse expects which characteristic of fine motor skills in a 5-month-old infant? - Answers able to grasp object voluntarily 1 month old - Answers strong grasp reflex 11 month old - Answers neat pincer grasp 15 month old - Answers able to build a tower of two cubes A 6 month old smiles, coos, and has strong head lag. Nurse should recognize that: - Answers developmental/neurological evaluation is needed; at 6m, should have social interaction beyond smiling and cooing Head lag - Answers should be gone by 4m 10 months - Answers should be able to say "mama and dada" with meaning 4 months - Answers consonants are added to infant vocalizations 6 months - Answers babbling resembles one-syllable sounds The parents of a 9-month-old infant tell the nurse that they are worried about their baby's thumb-sucking. What is the nurse's BEST reply - Answers there is no need to restrain nonnutritive sucking during infancy The mother of a 3-month-old breastfed infant asks about giving her baby water since it is summer and very warm. The nurse should recommend that: - Answers fluids in addition to breast milk are not needed. The parent of a 12-month-old infant says to the nurse, "He pushes the teaspoon right out of my hand when I feed him. I can't let him feed himself; he makes too much of a mess." The nurse's BEST response is: - Answers "Feeding himself will help foster his growth and development. Perhaps we can discuss ways to make the messes more tolerable." The parents of a 5-month-old girl complain to the nurse that they are exhausted because she still wakes up as often as every 1 to 2 hours during the night. When she awakens, they change her diaper, and her mother nurses her back to sleep. What should the nurse suggest to help them deal with this problem? - Answers Beginning to put her to bed while still awake. A 4-month-old infant is brought to the clinic by his parents for a well-baby checkup. What should the nurse include at this time concerning injury prevention? - Answers When your baby learns to roll over, you must supervise him whenever he is on a surface from which he might fall. The nurse in the pediatric clinic identifies which infants at risk for developing vitamin D-deficient rickets? - Answers Those using yogurt as primary sources of milk. Vitamin D - Answers Lacto-ovo vegetarians: Individuals who follow this diet include milk and its products in their diet. Those who breast feed exclusively: Breast milk has sufficient vitamin D if the mother is not deficient in this vitamin. Using yogurt as primary source of milk: Yogurt may not be supplemented with vitamin D. Those exposed to daily sunlight: Lack of sunlight contributes to vitamin D-deficient rickets. A 3-month old bottle-fed infant is allergic to cow's milk. The BEST option for a substitute is: - Answers casein hydrolysate milk formula. The exhausted parents of a 2-month-old infant with colic ask the nurse what is the best method to promote comfort and sleep for the infant. The nurse's initial action is to: - Answers take a thorough, detailed history of usual daily events. Which strategy might be recommended for an infant with failure-to-thrive to increase caloric intake? - Answers being persistent through 10-15 min of food refusal. Apnea of infancy has been diagnosed in an infant who will soon be discharged with home monitoring. When teaching the parents about the infant's care, what is the most important information the nurse should include in the discharge teaching plan? - Answers CPR A mother is bringing her 4-month-old infant into the clinic for a routine well-baby check. The mother is exclusively breastfeeding. There are no other liquids given to the infant. What vitamin does the nurse anticipate the provider will prescribe for this infant? - Answers Vitamin D Kwashiorkor - Answers deficiency of protein with adequate supply of calories Rickets - Answers lack of Vitamin D, calcium, or phosphate; leads to softening or weaning of the bones Marasmus - Answers general malnutrition of both calories and protein. Pellagra - Answers vitamin-deficiency disease most commonly caused by a chronic lack of niacin (V-B3) in the diet. Expected stool for 2m breastfed infant with colic: - Answers semiformed, seedy, yellow; colic does not change the appearance, texture, or color of stools. When preparing to administer HepB vaccine for newborn, nurse should: - Answers initiate an immunization record; confirm the hepB status of newborn's mother; obtain syringe with a 25G, 5/8" needle; confirm that newborn's mother has signed the informed consent 10m old receiving iron supplements: - Answers place iron toward back side of mouth with a dropper; apply barrier ointment if needed to buttocks; avoid concurrently drinking cow's milk or milk as they bind free iron and prevent absorption; educate parents that iron causes transient constipation; follow liquid iron supplements with citrus fruit or juice drink (no more than 3-4oz) for older children 2y old - Answers myelination of spinal cord is almost complete; as a result, toddler can gradually achieve control of anal and urethral sphincters 24m motor skill development - Answers toddler's activities begin to produce purposeful results; child is able to walk up and down stairs; interaction with the environment is essential at this age Task of infancy - Answers toddler is able to grasp small objects but cannot release them at will The nurse notices that a toddler is more cooperative when taking medicine from a small cup rather than from a large cup. This is an example of which characteristic of preoperational thought? - Answers Inability to conserve; the smaller cup makes it looks like less medicine Egocentrism - Answers inability to see situations from other perspectives Irreversibility - Answers Inability to reverse actions physically initiated Transductive reasoning - Answers Focusing on particulars A hospitalized toddler clings to a worn, tattered blanket. She screams when anyone tries to take it away. What is the nurse's BEST explanation to the parents for the child's attachment to the blanket? - Answers The blanket is an important transitional object; they are important to help toddlers separate; it provides security when child is away from parents; helpful when child is experiencing increased stress situation such as hospitalization When completing the health assessment for a 2-year-old child, the nurse should expect the child to: - Answers engage in parallel play which means they play alongside each other; a vocabulary of 300 words is expected at this age; the child at this age has typically grown to 1/2 of adult height A 2-year-old child has recently started having temper tantrums during which she holds her breath and sometimes faints. The nurse should: - Answers explain to the parent that this is not harmful The parents of a toddler express frustration to the nurse because their child is a "fussy eater." The nurse's BEST response is: - Answers becoming a fussy eater is expected during the toddler years; toddlers have decreased appetites and strong taste preferences; use of finger foods contribute to unpredictable table manners; they have physiologic anorexia that contributes to fussy eating The parents of a toddler state their child is having trouble sleeping. What is the nurse's BEST suggestion to improve sleep habits? - Answers using a transitional object; also consistent rituals will facilitate sleep; they should have stimulating physical activity during daytime; verbal