BIOL*1090 Mock Midterm Fall 2024 Answered 100% correctly

BIOL*1090 Mock Midterm MULTIPLE CHOICE SECTION 1. A sample of DNA is found to contain 32% deoxycytidine. This sample must also contain: a. 18% deoxyadenosine b. 32% deoxyadenosine c. 18% deoxyguanosine d. 32% deoxythymidine 2. A DNA strand has the sequence 5’-GTACGGTATCACTG-3’. The complementary strand will be: a. 5’-CAGTGATACCGTAC-3’ b. 5’-CATGCTGTAGTGAC-3’ c. 5’-GTACGGTATCACTG-3’ d. 5’-CATCATCATCATCA- 3’ 3. Centromeres a. prevent chromosome fusion b. help DNA polymerase replicate the whole chromosome c. provide a site of chromosomal attachment to the mitotic spindle d. protect chromosomes from degradation of deoxyribonucleases 4. A single base pair mutation that results in premature termination of translation of the corresponding mRNA is called a _____________ mutation. a. nonsense b. missense c. non-conserved d. silent 5. During meiosis, homologous chromosomes move towards opposite poles of the spindle during a. Anaphase I b. Metaphase I c. Anaphase II d. Metaphase II 6. Consider a short mature mRNA molecule with the sequence: mGUAGACUAGAGCCAUGAUCAAGUUUACGAUUCAGUCAUAGAGAUACAGAAAn (where mG indicates the 5’ cap and An indicates a 3’ polyA tail) How many amino acids would be in the encoded peptide? a. 1 b. 8 c. 9 d. 17 7. Mutations in DNA a. always result in genetic disease b. are random c. reduce genetic diversity d. are an elaborate conspiracy theory, created to support the “Theory of Evolution” This study source was downloaded by from CourseH on :55:50 GMT -05:00 the allele for “jumping” (J) is dominant to the allele (j) “non-jumping”. In a monohybrid cross, if the P generation consists of plants that are true breeding then the F2 generation will consist of organisms that exhibit what ratio of jumping to non-jumping Mexican beans? a. 3:2 b. 1:2 c. 1:3 d. 3:1 *Yes, I’m aware “jumping” trait in “Mexican Jumping Beans” actually comes from moth larva that are living inside the beans. But in this case imagine it’s a genetic thing, and that some beans jump and other beans don’t because of the J allele. Treat the beans like any other plant monohybrid cross.* 9. Using the pedigree below, and bearing in mind that this is a rare condition, what is the chance that couple III-3 and III-4 will have an affected child? a. 0 b. ¼ c. 1/3 d. ½ 10. Referring the pedigree above, what are the odds of couple III-1 and III-2 having an affected child? a. 0 b. ¼ c. 1/3 d. ½ 11. Papa McBaby-daddy is this week’s star on Maury Pouvich. Papa gets around and this week four different women on the show are claiming that “he IS the father”. If Papa’s blood type is type O, which of these children is he actually “NOT the father” of? a. Danny (with blood type A) b. Papa Jr (with blood type B) c. Garry (with blood type AB) d. Timothy (with blood type O) This study source was downloaded by from CourseH on :55:50 GMT -05:00 homozygous? a. 1/3 b. 1/2 c. 1/4 d. 0 13. r denotes round ears in garden gnomes and R for pointy ears is completely dominant over r. r is partly dominant over rf (floppy ears) and rs (stubby ears); and rs is completely dominant over rf (floppy ears). What is the best representation of the dominance hierarchy for this trait? a. R>r>rf>rs b. R>r>rs>rf c. r>R>rf>rs d. R>rf>rs>r 14. Which of the following is true about gene activity? a. One gene can influence many traits b. Gene activity can be modified by environmental conditions c. Genes act in network with other genes d. All of the above are true 15. In a mating (how romantic) between individuals with genotypes IBi and ii, what percentage of offspring are expected to have the O blood type? a. 10% b. 25% c. 50% d. 100% SHORT ANSWER SECTION 1. (A + C) / (G + T) = 1. True or false? _____ __________________________ 2. Homologous chromosomes pair during meiosis. True or false? _______________________________ 3. Noncoding sequences in mRNA of eukaryotes are called: ____introns_____________________________________________ 4. Does crossing over occur before or after metaphase I in cells undergoing meiosis? ____before_____________________________________________ This study source was downloaded by from CourseH on :55:50 GMT -05:00 Stand A: - G T T A C A A C C G G C C A - Strand B: 3- C A A T G T T G G C C G G T -5 a. Which is the template strand for transcription? _____strand A?____________________ b. Indicate, on the figure above, the 3’ and 5’ ends of the non-template stand only of the DNA. 6. Arrange the following events in the correct temporal sequence, starting with 1 at the earliest. ____1____ Duplication of chromosomes ____4____ Formation of the nuclear membrane _____3___ Attachment of microtubules to kinetochores _____2___ Crossing over between homologous chromosomes LONG ANSWER SECTION 1. Flower colour in a species of plant is determined by four independently-assorting genes (A, B, C, and D) that encode for enzymes in a biosynthetic pathway for flower pigment. The recessive alleles of these genes (a, b, c, d) produce non-functional enzymes. The pathway is diagrammed as follows: When both blue and red pigments are present, the flowers are purple. Plants with the genotypes Aa Bb Cc Dd and Aa Bb Cc dd are crossed. a. What colour are the flowers in these two parental genotypes? b. What portion of the offspring from the cross will have white flowers?