RNSG 1105 Final Exam Study Guide with
Complete Solutions
HIPAA - Correct Answer -- This law provides rights to patients and protects employees. It protects
individual employees from losing their health insurance when changing jobs by providing portability.
--It also creates patient right to consent to the use and disclosure of their protected health
information, to inspect and copy one's medical record, and to amend mistaken or incomplete
information.
--It limits who is able to access a patient's record.
Provides confidentiality of a patient's medical information.
What Patient Information is Confidential?
****All information about patients written on paper, spoken aloud, saved on computer.
SBAR - Correct Answer --standardized approach to communicate including the opportunity to ask and
respond to questions.
--provides a consistent method for hand-off communication that is clear, structured, and easy to use
by the Health Care Team.
--used to report to the HCP any situation that requires immediate action
--goal is to decrease miscommunication which is one of the most common causes of patient injury or
death.
Elements of SBAR - Correct Answer S= Situation - What is the situation you are calling about?
Be concise. ALWAYS ask - Do you know Mr. or Mrs. Patient's Name?
B= Background- Pertinent background information
related to the situation. Mental status, etc.
A = Assessment- What is the nurse's assessment of
the situation? what you found/think
R= Recommendation- What is the nurse's
recommendation or what does nurse want?
,Potential Breaches in Patient Confidentiality - Correct Answer --Leaving information open on a
computer screen.
--Sending confidential email messages with patient identifiers.
--Discarding copies of patient information in trash cans.
--Holding conversations that can be overheard.
--Faxing confidential information to unauthorized persons.
--Sending confidential messages overheard on speakers
medical asepsis - Correct Answer --Basic medical asepsis breaks the chain of infection and should be
used for all patients even if infection is not present.
--Highly effective in reducing HAIs
--Protection of the susceptible host
--Control and elimination of reservoirs of infection
--Control of portals of exit/entry
--Control or elimination of infectious agents
Cleaning
--Control of transmission
NEUTROPENIC / PROTECTIVE ENVIRONMENT - Correct Answer --Used for patients to decrease the
risk of infection in the most severe immunocompromised patients.
--The most common of diseases are:
Cancer - Chemotherapy
AIDS
Organ transplants
Restrict visitors who have colds
or contagious illnesses.
--Standard Precautions and ensure
all caregivers are healthy.
--Avoid collection of standing water from flowers or humidifiers to prevent bacteria found in this
water.
, AIRBORNE PRECAUTIONS - Correct Answer ----Used for patients who have organisms that remain
in the air and travel a longer distance.
---The most common of these diseases are:
Tuberculosis
Chicken pox (varicella)
Measles (rubeola)
Herpes zoster
----The patient is in a private negative air pressure room where the air is brought into the room from
the hallway and leaves the room via a separate exhaust system.
---Must wear a particulate filter mask (i.e. N95 mask).
--Keep patient's door closed at all times.
****Patients on airborne precautions must wear surgical masks when leaving the negative air
pressure room for any reason.***
WHAT ARE THE MINIMUM REQUIREMENTS for PPE? - Correct Answer Airborne: N95 Mask
Droplet: Surgical Mask
Contact: Gown, Gloves
PPE: Gloves - Correct Answer NOT a substitute for good hand hygiene
- Worn only once per patient intervention.
- Discarded appropriately according to facility policy.
- Once gloves are removed hands are thoroughly decontaminated with meticulous hand hygiene.
CONTACT PRECAUTIONS - Correct Answer --Used for patients who are infected or colonized by a
multidrug-resistant organism (MDRO).
--The most common of these organisms are:
Clostridium difficile (C-diff).
Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA).
--Contact precautions include use of barrier precautions such as gloves and impermeable gowns to
prevent direct contact with infectious organism.
--The goal is to prevent the transmission of disease by direct and indirect contact.
Complete Solutions
HIPAA - Correct Answer -- This law provides rights to patients and protects employees. It protects
individual employees from losing their health insurance when changing jobs by providing portability.
--It also creates patient right to consent to the use and disclosure of their protected health
information, to inspect and copy one's medical record, and to amend mistaken or incomplete
information.
--It limits who is able to access a patient's record.
Provides confidentiality of a patient's medical information.
What Patient Information is Confidential?
****All information about patients written on paper, spoken aloud, saved on computer.
SBAR - Correct Answer --standardized approach to communicate including the opportunity to ask and
respond to questions.
--provides a consistent method for hand-off communication that is clear, structured, and easy to use
by the Health Care Team.
--used to report to the HCP any situation that requires immediate action
--goal is to decrease miscommunication which is one of the most common causes of patient injury or
death.
Elements of SBAR - Correct Answer S= Situation - What is the situation you are calling about?
Be concise. ALWAYS ask - Do you know Mr. or Mrs. Patient's Name?
B= Background- Pertinent background information
related to the situation. Mental status, etc.
A = Assessment- What is the nurse's assessment of
the situation? what you found/think
R= Recommendation- What is the nurse's
recommendation or what does nurse want?
,Potential Breaches in Patient Confidentiality - Correct Answer --Leaving information open on a
computer screen.
--Sending confidential email messages with patient identifiers.
--Discarding copies of patient information in trash cans.
--Holding conversations that can be overheard.
--Faxing confidential information to unauthorized persons.
--Sending confidential messages overheard on speakers
medical asepsis - Correct Answer --Basic medical asepsis breaks the chain of infection and should be
used for all patients even if infection is not present.
--Highly effective in reducing HAIs
--Protection of the susceptible host
--Control and elimination of reservoirs of infection
--Control of portals of exit/entry
--Control or elimination of infectious agents
Cleaning
--Control of transmission
NEUTROPENIC / PROTECTIVE ENVIRONMENT - Correct Answer --Used for patients to decrease the
risk of infection in the most severe immunocompromised patients.
--The most common of diseases are:
Cancer - Chemotherapy
AIDS
Organ transplants
Restrict visitors who have colds
or contagious illnesses.
--Standard Precautions and ensure
all caregivers are healthy.
--Avoid collection of standing water from flowers or humidifiers to prevent bacteria found in this
water.
, AIRBORNE PRECAUTIONS - Correct Answer ----Used for patients who have organisms that remain
in the air and travel a longer distance.
---The most common of these diseases are:
Tuberculosis
Chicken pox (varicella)
Measles (rubeola)
Herpes zoster
----The patient is in a private negative air pressure room where the air is brought into the room from
the hallway and leaves the room via a separate exhaust system.
---Must wear a particulate filter mask (i.e. N95 mask).
--Keep patient's door closed at all times.
****Patients on airborne precautions must wear surgical masks when leaving the negative air
pressure room for any reason.***
WHAT ARE THE MINIMUM REQUIREMENTS for PPE? - Correct Answer Airborne: N95 Mask
Droplet: Surgical Mask
Contact: Gown, Gloves
PPE: Gloves - Correct Answer NOT a substitute for good hand hygiene
- Worn only once per patient intervention.
- Discarded appropriately according to facility policy.
- Once gloves are removed hands are thoroughly decontaminated with meticulous hand hygiene.
CONTACT PRECAUTIONS - Correct Answer --Used for patients who are infected or colonized by a
multidrug-resistant organism (MDRO).
--The most common of these organisms are:
Clostridium difficile (C-diff).
Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA).
--Contact precautions include use of barrier precautions such as gloves and impermeable gowns to
prevent direct contact with infectious organism.
--The goal is to prevent the transmission of disease by direct and indirect contact.
