NUR 1212C Exam One Study Guide
beta-adrenergic blockers - ✔️✔️reduce IOP by limiting the production of aqueous
humor and by dilating the pupil, which improves the flow of the fluid to its absorption site
eye changes related to aging - ✔️✔️eyes sunken, sclera changes to more yellow/blue,
cornea flattens which burns vision, muscle strength reduces and harder to look upward,
pupil loses ability to dilate as much, harder discriminate between blue, green, and violet,
tear production reduced
Presbyopia - ✔️✔️far sightedness that worsens with age
macular degeneration - ✔️✔️the leading cause of visual deficits in the united states, it
is the loss of vision in the central fields
cataracts - ✔️✔️clouding of the lens of the eye, causes clouded vision
glaucoma - ✔️✔️increased IOP leads to peripheral vision loss and blindness
diabetic retinopathy - ✔️✔️complication of diabetes where the blood vessels in the
retina become damaged
hyperopia - ✔️✔️far sightedness that occurs when the light does not refract enough
light, as a result images converge behind the retina
Interventions to prevent skin breakdown - ✔️✔️Q2 turns, proper nutrition, water, food,
consistent diaper changes if incontinent
myopia - ✔️✔️nearsightedness occurs when the eye over bends the light and images
converge in front of the retina
miosis - ✔️✔️pupillary constriction
mydrasis - ✔️✔️pupillary dilation
exophthalmos - ✔️✔️protrusion of eye
endophthalmos - ✔️✔️sunken in of the eye
ptosis - ✔️✔️eye drooping
, anisocoric - ✔️✔️pupils different size
consensual response - ✔️✔️constriction of the left pupil when light in shined in the right
anosmia - ✔️✔️the complete loss of smell
presbycusis - ✔️✔️age related hearing loss
antihistamines effect on the eye - ✔️✔️dry it out and increase IOP
What can vitamin A deficiency cause? - ✔️✔️dry eyes, blindness, keratomalacia
eye healthy diet - ✔️✔️rich in fruit, red, orange, and dark green veggies (10 servings)
Prostaglandins agonist - ✔️✔️Reduce IOP by dilating blood vessels in the trabecular
mesh, which then collects and drains aqueous humor at a faster rate
Adrenergic agonists - ✔️✔️reduce IOP by limiting the production of aqueous humor
and by dilating the pupil, which improves the flow of the fluid to its absorption site
Carbonic anhydrase inhibitors - ✔️✔️Directly and strongly inhibit production of aqueous
humor. They do not affect the flow or the absorption of the fluid.
Cholinergic agonists - ✔️✔️reduce IOP by limiting the production of aqueous humor
and by making more room between the iris and the lens, which improves fluid outflow
CT and eyes - ✔️✔️shows bony structure around eyes and extraocular muscles
MRI and eyes - ✔️✔️evaluate ocular nerves and assess for ocular tumors
radioisotope and eyes - ✔️✔️locate lesion and tumors
ultrasonography - ✔️✔️examines the orbit with high frequency sound waves
slit-lamp examination - ✔️✔️magnifies the anterior eye structures
corneal staining - ✔️✔️detects corneal trauma
Tonometry - ✔️✔️tests IOP, needed yearly after 40
if testing at home teach patient measure at same time each day because they vary
through out the day
beta-adrenergic blockers - ✔️✔️reduce IOP by limiting the production of aqueous
humor and by dilating the pupil, which improves the flow of the fluid to its absorption site
eye changes related to aging - ✔️✔️eyes sunken, sclera changes to more yellow/blue,
cornea flattens which burns vision, muscle strength reduces and harder to look upward,
pupil loses ability to dilate as much, harder discriminate between blue, green, and violet,
tear production reduced
Presbyopia - ✔️✔️far sightedness that worsens with age
macular degeneration - ✔️✔️the leading cause of visual deficits in the united states, it
is the loss of vision in the central fields
cataracts - ✔️✔️clouding of the lens of the eye, causes clouded vision
glaucoma - ✔️✔️increased IOP leads to peripheral vision loss and blindness
diabetic retinopathy - ✔️✔️complication of diabetes where the blood vessels in the
retina become damaged
hyperopia - ✔️✔️far sightedness that occurs when the light does not refract enough
light, as a result images converge behind the retina
Interventions to prevent skin breakdown - ✔️✔️Q2 turns, proper nutrition, water, food,
consistent diaper changes if incontinent
myopia - ✔️✔️nearsightedness occurs when the eye over bends the light and images
converge in front of the retina
miosis - ✔️✔️pupillary constriction
mydrasis - ✔️✔️pupillary dilation
exophthalmos - ✔️✔️protrusion of eye
endophthalmos - ✔️✔️sunken in of the eye
ptosis - ✔️✔️eye drooping
, anisocoric - ✔️✔️pupils different size
consensual response - ✔️✔️constriction of the left pupil when light in shined in the right
anosmia - ✔️✔️the complete loss of smell
presbycusis - ✔️✔️age related hearing loss
antihistamines effect on the eye - ✔️✔️dry it out and increase IOP
What can vitamin A deficiency cause? - ✔️✔️dry eyes, blindness, keratomalacia
eye healthy diet - ✔️✔️rich in fruit, red, orange, and dark green veggies (10 servings)
Prostaglandins agonist - ✔️✔️Reduce IOP by dilating blood vessels in the trabecular
mesh, which then collects and drains aqueous humor at a faster rate
Adrenergic agonists - ✔️✔️reduce IOP by limiting the production of aqueous humor
and by dilating the pupil, which improves the flow of the fluid to its absorption site
Carbonic anhydrase inhibitors - ✔️✔️Directly and strongly inhibit production of aqueous
humor. They do not affect the flow or the absorption of the fluid.
Cholinergic agonists - ✔️✔️reduce IOP by limiting the production of aqueous humor
and by making more room between the iris and the lens, which improves fluid outflow
CT and eyes - ✔️✔️shows bony structure around eyes and extraocular muscles
MRI and eyes - ✔️✔️evaluate ocular nerves and assess for ocular tumors
radioisotope and eyes - ✔️✔️locate lesion and tumors
ultrasonography - ✔️✔️examines the orbit with high frequency sound waves
slit-lamp examination - ✔️✔️magnifies the anterior eye structures
corneal staining - ✔️✔️detects corneal trauma
Tonometry - ✔️✔️tests IOP, needed yearly after 40
if testing at home teach patient measure at same time each day because they vary
through out the day
