hc hc hc hc hc
th correct answers graded A+
hc hc hc hc
Whathcishcanhcindirecthchernia?hc-hccorrecthcanswers-
nhcindirecthcherniahcishcahcherniahcthathcpasseshcthroughhcthehcdeephcringhcandhcinguinalhccanalhcandhcoutthehcsup
erficialhcring.hcThereforehcithcishcfollowinghcthehcpathhcthathcthehctesteshctakehcashctheyhcmigratedownhcintohcthehc
scrotum.hcThehchernialhcsachcishcthereforehcwithinhcthehcspermatichccordhcinhcthehcmale.
Whathcishcahcdirecthchernia?hc-hccorrecthcanswers-
directhcherniahcishcahcherniahcthathcdoeshcnothcgohcthroughhcthehcdeephcringhcbuthcinsteadhcpassesdirectlyhcthroug
hhcthehcanteriorhcabdominalhcwallhcmedialhctohcthehcinferiorhcepigastrichcvessels.hcThisareahcishcthehcinguinalhc(H
esselbach's)hctriangle.hcInhcthishccasehconehcwillhcseehcthehchernialhcsachclyinghcnexthctohcthehcspermatichccordhcinhc
males
Whathcarehcthehcbordershcofhcthehcinguinalhc(Hesselbach's)hctriangle?hc-hccorrecthcanswers-
hehcbordershcare:hcinguinalhcligament,hclateralhcborderhcofhcrectushcabdominushc(lineahcsemilunaris)andhcinferio
rhcepigastrichcvessels
Whathcarehcthehcbordershcofhcthehcinguinalhccanal?hc-hccorrecthcanswers-Anteriorlyhc-
hcexternalhcabdominalhcobliquehcandhcinternalhcabdominalhcobliquehcinhcthehcareahcofhcthedeephcringPosteriorly
hc-hctranversalishcfasciahcandhcconjointhctendonhcinhcthehcareahcofhcthehcsuperficialhcringSuperiorlyhc-
hcthehcarchinghcfibershcofhcthehcinternalhcabdominalhcobliquehcandhcthehctransversusabdominushcmuscleInferior
lyhc-hcthehcinguinalhcligament
hathcpasseshcthroughhcthehcsuperficialhcringhcinhcthehcmalehc-hccorrecthcanswers-
Spermatichccordhcandhcilioinguinalhcnerve
Whathcpasseshcthroughhcthehcsuperficialhcringhcinhcthehcfemalehc-hccorrecthcanswers-
Roundhcligamenthcofhcthehcuterushcandhcilioinguinalhcnerve
Whathcpasseshcthroughhcthehcdeephcringhcinhcthehcfemalehc-hccorrecthcanswers-Roundhcligamenthconly
Whathcpasseshcthroughhcthehcdeephcringhcinhcthehcmalehc-hccorrecthcanswers-Spermatichccordhconly
Whathcishcahcfemoralhcherniahc-hccorrecthcanswers-
femoralhcherniahcishcwhenhcthehchernialhcsachcpasseshcthroughhcthehcfemoralhcringhcdeephctohctheinguinalhcligam
ent.hcThehcfemoralhcringhcishcmedialhctohcthehcfemoralhcvein.hcThehcbulgehcfromhcafemoralhcherniahcwillhcbehcinferi
orhctohcthehcinguinalhcligamenthcbecausehcithcexitshcbelowhctheligament
Whathcarehcthehccomponentshcofhcthehcspermatichccord?hc-hccorrecthcanswers-hreehcarterieshc-
hccremaster,hctesticularhcandhcarteryhcofhcthehcvashcdeferens
Threehcfasciaehc-hcinternalhcspermatichcfascia,hccremasterichcfascia,hcandhcexternalhcspermatichcfascia
Threehcnerveshc-hcgenitalhcbranchhcofhcgenitalhcfemoral,hcparasympathetics,hcsympathetics
Onehcmusclehc-hccremasterhcmuscle
, Onehcveinhc-hcpampiniformhcplexushcofhcveins
VashcDeferens
lympahtics
Wherehcdoeshclymphhcdrainhcfromhcthehctesteshc-hccorrecthcanswers-
Sincehcbloodhctohctesteshccomeshcfromhctesticularhcarteryhcwhichhcishcahcbranchhcofhcupperhcabdominalhcaorta,hct
hehcvenoushcdrainagehcwillhcgohcbackhctohcIVChcinhcsamehcareahcandhcthereforehcthehclymphhcnodeshcarehcthehcone
shcinhcthehcsamehcareahcashcthehcveins.
Wherehcdoeshclymphhcdrainhcfromhcthehcscrotumhc-hccorrecthcanswers-
Inhccontrasthctohctestes,hcthehcbloodhcsupplyhctohcscrotumhccomeshcfromhcmuchhccloserhc-
hcthehcexternalhciliachcandhcthereforehcvenoushcdrainagehcishcbackhctohcexternalhciliachcveinhcandhclymphhcwillhcacc
ompanyhcthesehcvessels.hcSohcthehctakehchomehcmessagehcishcthathclymphatichcdrainagehcishcusuallyhctiedhctohcve
noushcdrainagehcandhcinhcthehccasehcofhcthehctesteshcandhcscrotumhctheyhchavehcveryhcdifferenthcdrainagehcsiteshc
becausehcthehctesteshcdevelopshcinhcthehclowerhcthoracichcregionhcandhcmigrateshcdownhcduringhcdevelopment.
fhcpatienthchashcpainhcinhcthehcepigastrichcregion,hcwhichhcorganshcarehcyouhcconcernedhcabouthc-
hccorrecthcanswers-Foreguthcorganshc-hcbecausehcdermatomeshcT5-
T9hccorrespondhctohcthehcepigastrichcregionhcandforeguthcorganshcarehcinnervatedhcbyhcGreaterhcSplanchnichcne
rvehc(fromhclateralhchornhcofhcT5-T9)sohcGVAhcfibershc(pain)hcwillhcrunhcbackhctohcthosehcspinalhccordhcsegments
Ifhcpatienthchashcpainhcinhcthehcperiumbilicalhcregion,hcwhichhcorganshcarehcyouhcconcernedabout?hc-
hccorrecthcanswers-Midguthcorganshc-hcbecausehcdermatomeshcT10-
T11hccorrespondhctohcthehcperiumbilicalhcregionandhcmidguthcorganshcarehcinnervatedhcbyhcthehcLesserhcSplanc
hnichcnervehc(fromhclateralhchornhcofT10-
11)hcsohcGVAhcfibershc(pain)hcwillhcrunhcbackhctohcthosehcspinalhccordhcsegments.
fhcpatienthchashcpainhcinhcthehcsuprapubichcregion,hcwhichhcorganshcarehcyouhcconcernedabout?hc-
hccorrecthcanswers-Hindguthcorganshc-hcbecausehcdermatomeshcL1-
2hccorrespondhctohcthathcregionhcandhchindguthcorgansarehcinnervatedhcbyhcLumbarhcSplanchnichcnerveshc(later
alhchornhcL1-2)hcsohcGVAhcfibershcwillhcrunbackhctohcthosehcspinalhccordhcsegments
Anhcobstructionhcinhcthehcsplenichcarteryhcwouldhcjeopardizehcwhichhcorgans?hc-hccorrecthcanswers-
Spleen,hcstomach,hcpancreas
Anhcobstructionhcinhcthehcsuperiorhcmesenterichcarteryhcwouldhcjeopardizehcwhichhcorgans?hc-
hccorrecthcanswers-
Allhcthehcorganshcinhcthehcmidguthcwouldhcbehcaffectedhcbecausehctheyhcarehcsuppliedhcbyhcthehcbranchesofhcthehc
superiorhcmesenterichcarter
anhcobstructionhcinhcwhichhcarteryhcwouldhcaffecthctheforeguthcorgans?hc-hccorrecthcanswers-celiachctrunk
Anhcobstructionhcinhcthehcinferiorhcmesenterichcarteryhcwouldhcjeopardizehcwhichhcorgans?hc-
hccorrecthcanswers-
Allhcthehcorganshcinhcthehchindguthcwouldhcbehcaffectedhcbecausehctheyhcarehcsuppliedhcbyhcthehcbranchesofhctheh
csuperiorhcmesenterichcartery