TestgBankgforgMc
Canceg&gHuether’s
gPathophysiology:g
ThegBiologicgBasisg
forgDiseasegingAdu
ltsgandgChildreng9t
hgEditiongbygJulia
gRogers
1
, PATHOPHYSI
OLOGY
G9TH
EDITION
MCCANCE
TEST
BANK
LATEST REVISED
,Chapterg1:gCellulargBiology
MULTIPLEgCHOICE
1. WhichgcomponentgofgthegcellgprodNuUceRsSIhNyGdTroBg.CeO
ngM
peroxideg(H 2O2)gbygusinggox
ygengtogremoveghydrogengatomsgfromgspecificgsubstratesgingangoxidativegreac
tion?
a. Lysosomes c. Ribosomes
b. Peroxisomes d.g Oxyhydrosomes
ANS:gB
Peroxisomesgaregsognamedgbecausegtheygusuallygcontaingenzymesgthatgusegoxygengt
ogremoveghydrogengatomsgfromgspecificgsubstratesgingangoxidativegreactiongthatgpro
ducesgH2O2,gwhichgisgagpowerfulgoxidantgandgpotentiallygdestructivegifgitgaccumulat
esgorgescapesgfromgperoxisomes.gRibosomesgaregRNA-
proteingcomplexesg(nucleoproteins)gthatgaregsynthesizedgingthegnucleolusgandgsecrete
dgintogthegcytoplasmgthroughgporesgingthegnucleargenvelopegcalledgnucleargporegco
mplexes.gLysosomesgaregsaclikegstructuresgthatgoriginategfromgthegGolgigcomplexgan
dgcontaingmoregthang40gdigestivegenzymesgcalledghydrolases,gwhichgcatalyzegbonds
gingproteins,glipids,gnucleicgacids,gandgcarbohydrates.gOxyhydrosomesgareginvolvedgi
ngenzymegproduction.
PTS:ggg1 REF:gPageg8
2. Whichgstatementgbestgdescribesgthegcellulargfunctiongofgmetabolicgabsorption?
a. Cellsgcangproducegproteins. c. Cellsgcangtakegingandgusegnutrients.
b. Cellsgcangsecretegdigestivegenzymes. d.g Cellsgcangsynthesizegfats.
ANS:gC
Ingmetabolicgabsorption,gallgcellsgtakegingandgusegnutrientsgandgothergsubstancesgfr
omgtheirgsurroundings.gThegremaininggoptionsgaregnotginclusivegingtheirgdescription
sgofgcellulargmetabolicgabsorption.
PTS:ggg1 REF:gPageg2
3. Mostgofgagcell’sggeneticginformation,gincludinggRNAgandgDNA,gisgcontainedgingthe:
a. Mitochondria c. Nucleolus
b. Ribosome d.ggg Lysosome
ANS:gC
Thegnucleusgcontainsgthegnucleolus,gagsmallgdensegstructuregcomposedglargelygofg
RNA,gmostgofgthegcellulargDNA,gandgthegDNA-
bindinggproteins,gsuchgasgtheghistones,gwhichgregulategitsgactivity.gThegothergoptio
nsgdognotgcontaingmostgofgagcell’sggeneticginformation.
PTS:ggg1 REF:gPageg2
4. Whichgcellgcomponentgisgcapablegofgcellulargautodigestiongwhengitgisgreleasedgdur
inggcellginjury?
a. Ribosome c. Smoothgendoplasmicgreticulum
b. Golgigcomplex
d.gLysosomesgANS:gD
, Theglysosomalgmembranegactsgasgagprotectivegshieldgbetweengthegpowerfulgdigestiv
egenzymesgwithingtheglysosomegandgthegcytoplasm,gpreventinggtheirgleakagegintogth
egcytoplasmicgmatrix.gDisruptiongofgthegmembranegbygvariousgtreatmentsgorgcellular
ginjurygleadsgtogagreleasegofgtheglysosomalgenzymes,gwhichgcangthengreactgwithgthe
irgspecificgsubstrates,gcausinggcellulargself-
digestion.gThegothergoptionsgdognotgcorrectlygdescribegthisgprocess.
PTS:ggg1 REF:gPagesg7-8
5. Whatgisgthegsequencegofgstepsgingthegdevelopmentgofgagdigestivegenzymegbygthe
gpancreasgcellsgfromgtheginitialgtranscriptiongtogthegreleasegfromgthegcell?
a. ThegenzymegisgtranscribedgfromgDNAgbygRNAgingthegnucleus,gproceed
sgtogthegribosomegforgsynthesis,gandgisgtransportedgingagsecretorygvesicl
egtogthegcellgmembrane.
b. ThegenzymegisgtranscribedgfromgRNAgbygDNAgingthegnucleus,gproceedsgto
gtheglysosomegforgsynthesis,gandgisgtransportedgingangencapsulatedgmembran
egtogthegcellgmembrane.
c. Thegenzymegisgtranscribedgbygthegmitochondriagingthegnucleus,gproceedsgto
gthegribosomegforgsynthesis,gandgisgtransportedgingagcytoskeletongtogthegcel
lgmembrane.
d. ThegenzymegisgtranscribedgfromgDNAgbygRNAgingthegnucleus,gproceedsgto
gthegGolgigcomplexgforgsynthesis,gandgisgtransportedgingagcytosolgtogthegce
llgmembrane.
ANS:gA
ThegenzymegisgtranscribedgfromgDNAgbygRNAgingthegnucleus,gproceedsgtogtheg
ribosomegforgsynthesis,gandgisgtransportedgingagsecretorygvesiclegtogthegcellgmem
brane.gThegothergoptionsgdognotgcorrectlygdescribegthisgprocess.
NURSINGTB.COM
PTS:ggg1 REF:gPageg7g|gFigureg1-5
6. DuringgwhichgphasegofgthegcellgcyclegisgDNAgsynthesized?
a. G1 c. G2
b. S d.g M
ANS:gB
Thegfourgdesignatedgphasesgofgthegcellgcyclegare:g(1)gthegG1gphaseg(Gg=ggap),gwhi
chgisgthegperiodgbetweengthegMgphaseg(Mg=gmitosis)gandgthegstartgofgDNAgsynthe
sis;g(2)gthegSgphaseg(Sg=gsynthesis),gduringgwhichgDNAgisgsynthesizedgingthegcellg
nucleus;g(3)gthegG2gphase,gduringgwhichgRNAgandgproteingsynthesisgoccurs,gthegper
iodgbetweengthegcompletiongofgDNAgsynthesisgandgthegnextgphaseg(M);gandg(4)gth
egMgphase,gwhichgincludesgnucleargandgcytoplasmicgdivision.
PTS:ggg1 REF:gPageg37
7. Whatgorganicgcompoundgfacilitatesgtransportationgacrossgcellgmembranesgbygact
inggasgreceptors,gtransportgchannelsgforgelectrolytes,gandgenzymesgtogdrivegactiv
egpumps?
a. Lipids c. Proteins
b. Proteases d.g Carbohydrates
ANS:gC
Canceg&gHuether’s
gPathophysiology:g
ThegBiologicgBasisg
forgDiseasegingAdu
ltsgandgChildreng9t
hgEditiongbygJulia
gRogers
1
, PATHOPHYSI
OLOGY
G9TH
EDITION
MCCANCE
TEST
BANK
LATEST REVISED
,Chapterg1:gCellulargBiology
MULTIPLEgCHOICE
1. WhichgcomponentgofgthegcellgprodNuUceRsSIhNyGdTroBg.CeO
ngM
peroxideg(H 2O2)gbygusinggox
ygengtogremoveghydrogengatomsgfromgspecificgsubstratesgingangoxidativegreac
tion?
a. Lysosomes c. Ribosomes
b. Peroxisomes d.g Oxyhydrosomes
ANS:gB
Peroxisomesgaregsognamedgbecausegtheygusuallygcontaingenzymesgthatgusegoxygengt
ogremoveghydrogengatomsgfromgspecificgsubstratesgingangoxidativegreactiongthatgpro
ducesgH2O2,gwhichgisgagpowerfulgoxidantgandgpotentiallygdestructivegifgitgaccumulat
esgorgescapesgfromgperoxisomes.gRibosomesgaregRNA-
proteingcomplexesg(nucleoproteins)gthatgaregsynthesizedgingthegnucleolusgandgsecrete
dgintogthegcytoplasmgthroughgporesgingthegnucleargenvelopegcalledgnucleargporegco
mplexes.gLysosomesgaregsaclikegstructuresgthatgoriginategfromgthegGolgigcomplexgan
dgcontaingmoregthang40gdigestivegenzymesgcalledghydrolases,gwhichgcatalyzegbonds
gingproteins,glipids,gnucleicgacids,gandgcarbohydrates.gOxyhydrosomesgareginvolvedgi
ngenzymegproduction.
PTS:ggg1 REF:gPageg8
2. Whichgstatementgbestgdescribesgthegcellulargfunctiongofgmetabolicgabsorption?
a. Cellsgcangproducegproteins. c. Cellsgcangtakegingandgusegnutrients.
b. Cellsgcangsecretegdigestivegenzymes. d.g Cellsgcangsynthesizegfats.
ANS:gC
Ingmetabolicgabsorption,gallgcellsgtakegingandgusegnutrientsgandgothergsubstancesgfr
omgtheirgsurroundings.gThegremaininggoptionsgaregnotginclusivegingtheirgdescription
sgofgcellulargmetabolicgabsorption.
PTS:ggg1 REF:gPageg2
3. Mostgofgagcell’sggeneticginformation,gincludinggRNAgandgDNA,gisgcontainedgingthe:
a. Mitochondria c. Nucleolus
b. Ribosome d.ggg Lysosome
ANS:gC
Thegnucleusgcontainsgthegnucleolus,gagsmallgdensegstructuregcomposedglargelygofg
RNA,gmostgofgthegcellulargDNA,gandgthegDNA-
bindinggproteins,gsuchgasgtheghistones,gwhichgregulategitsgactivity.gThegothergoptio
nsgdognotgcontaingmostgofgagcell’sggeneticginformation.
PTS:ggg1 REF:gPageg2
4. Whichgcellgcomponentgisgcapablegofgcellulargautodigestiongwhengitgisgreleasedgdur
inggcellginjury?
a. Ribosome c. Smoothgendoplasmicgreticulum
b. Golgigcomplex
d.gLysosomesgANS:gD
, Theglysosomalgmembranegactsgasgagprotectivegshieldgbetweengthegpowerfulgdigestiv
egenzymesgwithingtheglysosomegandgthegcytoplasm,gpreventinggtheirgleakagegintogth
egcytoplasmicgmatrix.gDisruptiongofgthegmembranegbygvariousgtreatmentsgorgcellular
ginjurygleadsgtogagreleasegofgtheglysosomalgenzymes,gwhichgcangthengreactgwithgthe
irgspecificgsubstrates,gcausinggcellulargself-
digestion.gThegothergoptionsgdognotgcorrectlygdescribegthisgprocess.
PTS:ggg1 REF:gPagesg7-8
5. Whatgisgthegsequencegofgstepsgingthegdevelopmentgofgagdigestivegenzymegbygthe
gpancreasgcellsgfromgtheginitialgtranscriptiongtogthegreleasegfromgthegcell?
a. ThegenzymegisgtranscribedgfromgDNAgbygRNAgingthegnucleus,gproceed
sgtogthegribosomegforgsynthesis,gandgisgtransportedgingagsecretorygvesicl
egtogthegcellgmembrane.
b. ThegenzymegisgtranscribedgfromgRNAgbygDNAgingthegnucleus,gproceedsgto
gtheglysosomegforgsynthesis,gandgisgtransportedgingangencapsulatedgmembran
egtogthegcellgmembrane.
c. Thegenzymegisgtranscribedgbygthegmitochondriagingthegnucleus,gproceedsgto
gthegribosomegforgsynthesis,gandgisgtransportedgingagcytoskeletongtogthegcel
lgmembrane.
d. ThegenzymegisgtranscribedgfromgDNAgbygRNAgingthegnucleus,gproceedsgto
gthegGolgigcomplexgforgsynthesis,gandgisgtransportedgingagcytosolgtogthegce
llgmembrane.
ANS:gA
ThegenzymegisgtranscribedgfromgDNAgbygRNAgingthegnucleus,gproceedsgtogtheg
ribosomegforgsynthesis,gandgisgtransportedgingagsecretorygvesiclegtogthegcellgmem
brane.gThegothergoptionsgdognotgcorrectlygdescribegthisgprocess.
NURSINGTB.COM
PTS:ggg1 REF:gPageg7g|gFigureg1-5
6. DuringgwhichgphasegofgthegcellgcyclegisgDNAgsynthesized?
a. G1 c. G2
b. S d.g M
ANS:gB
Thegfourgdesignatedgphasesgofgthegcellgcyclegare:g(1)gthegG1gphaseg(Gg=ggap),gwhi
chgisgthegperiodgbetweengthegMgphaseg(Mg=gmitosis)gandgthegstartgofgDNAgsynthe
sis;g(2)gthegSgphaseg(Sg=gsynthesis),gduringgwhichgDNAgisgsynthesizedgingthegcellg
nucleus;g(3)gthegG2gphase,gduringgwhichgRNAgandgproteingsynthesisgoccurs,gthegper
iodgbetweengthegcompletiongofgDNAgsynthesisgandgthegnextgphaseg(M);gandg(4)gth
egMgphase,gwhichgincludesgnucleargandgcytoplasmicgdivision.
PTS:ggg1 REF:gPageg37
7. Whatgorganicgcompoundgfacilitatesgtransportationgacrossgcellgmembranesgbygact
inggasgreceptors,gtransportgchannelsgforgelectrolytes,gandgenzymesgtogdrivegactiv
egpumps?
a. Lipids c. Proteins
b. Proteases d.g Carbohydrates
ANS:gC
