CHAPTER 7 "EXPERIENCE PSYCHOLOGY" LAURA KING ALL
REVISION QUESTIONS AND CORRECT ANSWERS (GRADED 100%)
(2024 UPDATE)
Cognition - ANSWER- The way in which information is processed and manipulated in
remembering, thinking, and knowing
Artificial Intelligence (AI) - ANSWER- A scientific field focuses on creating machines capable
of performing activities that require intelligence when they are done by people
Cognitive psychology - ANSWER- A label for approaches that seek to explain observable
behavior by investigating the mental processes and structures that cannot be directly observed
Thinking - ANSWER- The process of manipulating information mentally by forming concepts,
solving problems, making decisions, and reflecting critically or creatively
Concepts - ANSWER- A mental category that is used to group objects, events, and
characteristics
Prototype model - ANSWER- A model emphasizing that when people evaluate whether a given
item reflects a certain concept, they compare the item with the most typical item (s) in that category
and look for a "family resemblance "with the items properties
Problem solving - ANSWER- The mental process of finding an appropriate way to attain a goal
when the goal is not readily available
, Heuristics - ANSWER- Shortcut strategies or guidelines that suggest a solution to a problem
but do not guarantee an answer. Going with your "gut feeling/instinct"
Algorithms - ANSWER- Strategies -including formulas, instructions, and the testing of all
possible solutions - that guarantee a solution to a problem
Subgoaling - ANSWER- Setting intermediate goals or defining intermediate problems in order
to be in better position for reaching a final goal or solution
Fixation - ANSWER- Using a prior strategy and failing to look at a problem from a fresh, new
perspective
Functional fixedness - ANSWER- Failing to solve a problem as a result of fixation on a thing's
usual functions
Reasoning - ANSWER- The mental activity of transforming information to reach conclusions
Inductive reasoning - ANSWER- Reasoning from specific observations to make
generalizations
Deductive reasoning - ANSWER- Reasoning from a general case that is known to be true to a
specific instance. Reasoning from general to specific
Decision making - ANSWER- The mental activity of evaluating alternatives and choosing
among them
Confirmation bias - ANSWER- The tendency to search for and use information that supports
ones ideas rather than refutes them
REVISION QUESTIONS AND CORRECT ANSWERS (GRADED 100%)
(2024 UPDATE)
Cognition - ANSWER- The way in which information is processed and manipulated in
remembering, thinking, and knowing
Artificial Intelligence (AI) - ANSWER- A scientific field focuses on creating machines capable
of performing activities that require intelligence when they are done by people
Cognitive psychology - ANSWER- A label for approaches that seek to explain observable
behavior by investigating the mental processes and structures that cannot be directly observed
Thinking - ANSWER- The process of manipulating information mentally by forming concepts,
solving problems, making decisions, and reflecting critically or creatively
Concepts - ANSWER- A mental category that is used to group objects, events, and
characteristics
Prototype model - ANSWER- A model emphasizing that when people evaluate whether a given
item reflects a certain concept, they compare the item with the most typical item (s) in that category
and look for a "family resemblance "with the items properties
Problem solving - ANSWER- The mental process of finding an appropriate way to attain a goal
when the goal is not readily available
, Heuristics - ANSWER- Shortcut strategies or guidelines that suggest a solution to a problem
but do not guarantee an answer. Going with your "gut feeling/instinct"
Algorithms - ANSWER- Strategies -including formulas, instructions, and the testing of all
possible solutions - that guarantee a solution to a problem
Subgoaling - ANSWER- Setting intermediate goals or defining intermediate problems in order
to be in better position for reaching a final goal or solution
Fixation - ANSWER- Using a prior strategy and failing to look at a problem from a fresh, new
perspective
Functional fixedness - ANSWER- Failing to solve a problem as a result of fixation on a thing's
usual functions
Reasoning - ANSWER- The mental activity of transforming information to reach conclusions
Inductive reasoning - ANSWER- Reasoning from specific observations to make
generalizations
Deductive reasoning - ANSWER- Reasoning from a general case that is known to be true to a
specific instance. Reasoning from general to specific
Decision making - ANSWER- The mental activity of evaluating alternatives and choosing
among them
Confirmation bias - ANSWER- The tendency to search for and use information that supports
ones ideas rather than refutes them
