ISTQB Foundation Level Exam Questions And Answers Latest Updates

Change-Related Testing - ️️Testing triggered after changes are made to an existing system or after some external event. - Software releases - Emergency corrections - Migrations to new environments - Upgrades to operating systema - System being retired & converted - New laws, regulations, etc. Component (Unit) Testing - ️️Testing the smallest software item that can be executed in isolation. These items are called components, units, modules, or classes. Statement and branch testing often used. Acceptance Testing - ️️Testing to confirm that the system meets user expectations, conforms to requirements specifications, and performs the required business processes to determine whether or not to accept the system for deployment Defects Cluster Principle - ️️A large number of defects often occur in a few modules of a system Non-functional Testing - ️️Checks the software characteristics of the system, including performance, reliability, efficiency, usability, maintainability, and portability Functional Testing - ️️Checks the user & business requirements - what the system does Error or Mistake - ️️A human action that produces an incorrect result Defect, Fault, or Bug - ️️A flaw that may cause a feature, component, or system to not perform its required function or to perform it incorrectly Failure - ️️The deviation of a feature, component, or system from it's expected result Sequential Development Lifecycle - ️️Waterfall, V-Model (Everything proceeds in phases)Incremental Development Lifecycle - ️️Rapid Application Development, Rational Unified Process, Spiral Iterative-Incremental Development Lifecycle - ️️Agile, Scrum, SDDM, prototyping, Extreme Programming The V Model - ️️DEV TEST Requirements < Acceptance Analysis < System Detailed Design < Integration Program Specification < Component (Unit) Coding Verification - ️️Requirements have been fulfilled Checks against previous development activity that was completed Validation - ️️Requirements for a specific intended use or application have been fulfilled. Testing & QA practices to evaluate whether a product or system accomplishes its stated purpose Integration Testing - ️️Testing the interfaces and interactions among components, sub-systems, and systems to expose defects System Testing - ️️Testing an integrated system to demonstrate whether or not it meets its requirements specifications and any undocumented requirements Top-down Integration Testing - ️️The component at the top of the hierarchy is tested, with stubs for lower level components Bottom-up Integration Testing - ️️The components at the bottom of the hierarchy are tested first, with stubs for higher level components Big-Bang Integration Testing - ️️All components are first developed (in isolation) and then all components are tested together. Structural Testing - ️️Checks the architecture and design of the system Re-testing - ️️Executing previously failed test cases to verify that the defects have been correctedRegression Testing - ️️Performing tests after a change on a previously tested system to confirm that new defects have not been introduced or uncovered in unchanged areas of the software Test Design Process - ️️1. Test objectives 2. Test items 3. Test conditions & test cases 4. Test procedure specifications