PSYCH STUDY GUIDE
QUIZ 1
CHAPTER 1 – MENTAL HEALTH
MENTAL HEALTH
DEFINITION:
o Successful adaptation to stressors from the internal or
external environment, evidenced by thoughts,
feelings, and behaviors that are age-appropriate and
congruent with local and cultural norms.
CONCEPTS IDENTIFIED BY MASLOW:
o A hierarchy of needs
- Self- actualization
- Self- esteem/esteem of others
- Love and belonging
- Safety and security
- Physiological needs
MENTAL ILLNESS
DEFINITION:
, o Maladaptive responses to stressors from the internal
or external environment, evidenced by thoughts,
feelings, and behaviors that are incongruent with the
local and cultural norms, and interfere with the
individual’s social, occupational, and/or physical
functioning.
HORWITZ 2 ELEMENTS THAT AFFECT HOW INDIVIIDUALS
VIEW MENTAL ILLNESS:
o INCOMPREHENSIBILITY: The inability of the general
population to understand the motivation behind the
behavior.
o CULTURAL RELATIVITY: The normality of behavior is
determined by the culture.
PHYSICAL RESPONSES TO STRESS
HANS SELYE STRESS DEFINITION:
o “Fight or flight” syndrome
3 STAGES:
1. ALARM REACTION STAGE = “fight or flight” initiated
2. RESISTANCE STAGE = adapts to stressor
3. EXHAUSTION STAGE = prolonged stress with no
adaptation
RESPONSES
PHYSICAL RESPONSES SUSTAINED PHYSICAL RESPONSES
The adrenal medulla releases Increased retention of sodium
norepinephrine and and water (ACTH)
epinephrine into the
bloodstream
The pupils will dilate Decreased immune and
inflammatory responses
, Secretion from the lacrimal Fluid retention (vasopressin)
glands is increased
In the lungs, the bronchioles Increased blood pressure
dilate, and the RR is increased (vasopressin)
The force of cardiac Increased serum glucose and
contraction increases, as does free fatty acids (growth
cardiac output, HR, and BP hormone)
Gastrointestinal motility and Increased basal metabolic rate
secretions decrease, sphincters (thyrotropic hormone)
contract
In the liver, there is increased Impotence and decreased
glycogenolysis and libido (gonadotropins)
gluconeogenesis and
decreased glycogen synthesis
The bladder muscle contracts,
and the sphincter relaxes;
there is increased ureter
motility
Secretion from sweat glands is
increased
Lipolysis occurs in the fat cells
FIGHT OR FLIGHT:
o Stressors are often not resolved as rapidly as some
physical stressors
o Modern stress has been described as a psychosocial
state that is pervasive, chronic, and relentless
PSYCHOLOGICAL RESPONSES TO STRESS
2 PRIMARY PSYCHOLOGICAL RESPONSE PATTERNS TO
STRESS:
o Anxiety
QUIZ 1
CHAPTER 1 – MENTAL HEALTH
MENTAL HEALTH
DEFINITION:
o Successful adaptation to stressors from the internal or
external environment, evidenced by thoughts,
feelings, and behaviors that are age-appropriate and
congruent with local and cultural norms.
CONCEPTS IDENTIFIED BY MASLOW:
o A hierarchy of needs
- Self- actualization
- Self- esteem/esteem of others
- Love and belonging
- Safety and security
- Physiological needs
MENTAL ILLNESS
DEFINITION:
, o Maladaptive responses to stressors from the internal
or external environment, evidenced by thoughts,
feelings, and behaviors that are incongruent with the
local and cultural norms, and interfere with the
individual’s social, occupational, and/or physical
functioning.
HORWITZ 2 ELEMENTS THAT AFFECT HOW INDIVIIDUALS
VIEW MENTAL ILLNESS:
o INCOMPREHENSIBILITY: The inability of the general
population to understand the motivation behind the
behavior.
o CULTURAL RELATIVITY: The normality of behavior is
determined by the culture.
PHYSICAL RESPONSES TO STRESS
HANS SELYE STRESS DEFINITION:
o “Fight or flight” syndrome
3 STAGES:
1. ALARM REACTION STAGE = “fight or flight” initiated
2. RESISTANCE STAGE = adapts to stressor
3. EXHAUSTION STAGE = prolonged stress with no
adaptation
RESPONSES
PHYSICAL RESPONSES SUSTAINED PHYSICAL RESPONSES
The adrenal medulla releases Increased retention of sodium
norepinephrine and and water (ACTH)
epinephrine into the
bloodstream
The pupils will dilate Decreased immune and
inflammatory responses
, Secretion from the lacrimal Fluid retention (vasopressin)
glands is increased
In the lungs, the bronchioles Increased blood pressure
dilate, and the RR is increased (vasopressin)
The force of cardiac Increased serum glucose and
contraction increases, as does free fatty acids (growth
cardiac output, HR, and BP hormone)
Gastrointestinal motility and Increased basal metabolic rate
secretions decrease, sphincters (thyrotropic hormone)
contract
In the liver, there is increased Impotence and decreased
glycogenolysis and libido (gonadotropins)
gluconeogenesis and
decreased glycogen synthesis
The bladder muscle contracts,
and the sphincter relaxes;
there is increased ureter
motility
Secretion from sweat glands is
increased
Lipolysis occurs in the fat cells
FIGHT OR FLIGHT:
o Stressors are often not resolved as rapidly as some
physical stressors
o Modern stress has been described as a psychosocial
state that is pervasive, chronic, and relentless
PSYCHOLOGICAL RESPONSES TO STRESS
2 PRIMARY PSYCHOLOGICAL RESPONSE PATTERNS TO
STRESS:
o Anxiety
