WGU C 175 ACTUAL EXAM LATEST 2024/2025 QUESTIONS
AND VERIFIED CORRECT ANSWERS/ ALREADY GRADED
A++
Flat Files - ANSWER a file having no internal hierarchy
Hashed Files - ANSWER A file that has been encrypted for security
purposes.
Heap File - ANSWER An unsorted set of records.
Information - ANSWER The transformation of raw data into useful facts.
Punch Card - ANSWER A card that is perforated and can hold commands
or data.
Structured Data - ANSWER Information with a high degree of organization.
Unstructured Data - ANSWER Information that does not have structure
(such as text)
Binary Relationship - ANSWER A relationship between two entity types.
Unary Relationship - ANSWER An associate occurrence of an entity type
with other occurrences of the same entity type.
Cardinality - ANSWER The maximum number of entities that can be
involved in a particular relationship.
E-R Model
*E-R = Entity - Relationship - ANSWER Diagram of entities together with
their attributes and the relationship among them.
Intersection Data - ANSWER It is data that describes a many-to-many
relationship.
Modality - ANSWER It is a minimum number of entity occurrences that can
be involved in a relationship.
,One-to-one Binary Relationship - ANSWER It means that a single
occurrence of one entity type can be associated with a single occurrence of
the other entity type and vice versa.
Ternary Relationship - ANSWER Involves three different entity types.
Unique identifier - ANSWER It is used to uniquely identify each record in a
database table.
Attribute - ANSWER A property, characteristic, or fact that we know about
an entity.
"A salesperson works in one office."
What is the name of this relationship? - ANSWER One-to-one binary
relationship
"A salesperson sells to many customers."
What is the name of this relationship? - ANSWER One-to-many binary
relationship
"A salesperson is authorized to sell many products, and a product can be
sold by many salespersons."
What is the name of this relationship? - ANSWER Many-to-many binary
relationship
What is the positioning and meaning for Cardinality and Modality on an E-R
model? - ANSWER Cardinality is the outer symbol; represents the
maximum.
Modality is the inner symbol; represents the minimum.
What is the name of this model? - ANSWER One-to-one unary relationship
"A salesperson manages zero to many other salespersons, and a
salesperson is managed by exactly one other salesperson."
,What is the name of this model? - ANSWER One-to-many unary
relationship
"A product can either be part of no other products or be part of several
other products, and a product can either be composed of no other products
or be composed of several other products."
What is the name of this model? - ANSWER Many-to-many unary
relationship
What does 'refer' in Referential Integrity imply? - ANSWER This revolves
around the circumstance of trying to refer to data in one relation in the
database, based on values in another relation.
Define the delete rule RESTRICT. - ANSWER If the delete rule between
two relations is RESTRICT and an attempt is made to delete a record on
the "one side" of the one-to-many relationship, the system will forbid the
delete to take place if there are any matching foreign key values in the
relation on the "many side".
Define the delete rule CASCADE. - ANSWER If the delete rule between
two relations is CASCADE and an attempt is made to delete a record on
the "one side" of the relationship, not only will the record be deleted but all
of the records on the "many side" of the relationship that have a matching
foreign key value will also be deleted.
In other words, the delete will "cascade" from one relation to the other.
Define the delete rule SET-TO-NULL. - ANSWER If the delete rule between
the two relations is SET-TO-NULL and an attempt is made to delete a
record on the "one side" of the one-to-many relationship, that record will be
deleted and the matching foreign key values in the records on the "many
side" of the relationship will be set to null.
Essentially, it's exactly like the CASCADE delete option, but instead of
completely deleting all possible values, the values are set to NULL instead.
Which entity is uniquely identified by concatenating the primary keys of the
two entities it connects? - ANSWER Associative Entity
, Which type of entity is also called a dependent entity? - ANSWER Weak
Entity
Candidate Key - ANSWER This is when a relation has more than one
attribute or minimum group of attributes that represents a way of uniquely
identifying the entity.
Concurrency Problem - ANSWER When two or more users are trying to
update the same record simultaneously.
Equijoin - ANSWER Combines two or more tables based on a column that
is common to the tables.
Example: Joining Client and Salesman tables that both contain the
SalesmanID column which have the exact same values.
Foreign Key - ANSWER When an attribute or group of attributes serves as
the primary key of one relation and also appears in another relation.
Natural Join - ANSWER Matches each row in a table against each row in
another table based on common values found in columns sharing a
common name and data type.
Tuple - ANSWER Rows/records are referred to as tuples when talking
about relations. They serve the exact same function, it just has a different
name in the context of relations.
What are the five basic principles of The Database Concept? - ANSWER 1.
The creation of a datacentric environment that is a significant company
resource, which can be shared inside and outside the company.
2. The ability to achieve data integration while storing data in a non-
redundant fashion.
3. The ability to store data representing entities involved in multiple
relationships w/o introducing data redundancy.
4. Managing data control issues such as data security, backup and
recovery, and concurrency control.
5. High degree of data independence.
What are the four major DBMS approaches? - ANSWER - Hierarchical
- Network
AND VERIFIED CORRECT ANSWERS/ ALREADY GRADED
A++
Flat Files - ANSWER a file having no internal hierarchy
Hashed Files - ANSWER A file that has been encrypted for security
purposes.
Heap File - ANSWER An unsorted set of records.
Information - ANSWER The transformation of raw data into useful facts.
Punch Card - ANSWER A card that is perforated and can hold commands
or data.
Structured Data - ANSWER Information with a high degree of organization.
Unstructured Data - ANSWER Information that does not have structure
(such as text)
Binary Relationship - ANSWER A relationship between two entity types.
Unary Relationship - ANSWER An associate occurrence of an entity type
with other occurrences of the same entity type.
Cardinality - ANSWER The maximum number of entities that can be
involved in a particular relationship.
E-R Model
*E-R = Entity - Relationship - ANSWER Diagram of entities together with
their attributes and the relationship among them.
Intersection Data - ANSWER It is data that describes a many-to-many
relationship.
Modality - ANSWER It is a minimum number of entity occurrences that can
be involved in a relationship.
,One-to-one Binary Relationship - ANSWER It means that a single
occurrence of one entity type can be associated with a single occurrence of
the other entity type and vice versa.
Ternary Relationship - ANSWER Involves three different entity types.
Unique identifier - ANSWER It is used to uniquely identify each record in a
database table.
Attribute - ANSWER A property, characteristic, or fact that we know about
an entity.
"A salesperson works in one office."
What is the name of this relationship? - ANSWER One-to-one binary
relationship
"A salesperson sells to many customers."
What is the name of this relationship? - ANSWER One-to-many binary
relationship
"A salesperson is authorized to sell many products, and a product can be
sold by many salespersons."
What is the name of this relationship? - ANSWER Many-to-many binary
relationship
What is the positioning and meaning for Cardinality and Modality on an E-R
model? - ANSWER Cardinality is the outer symbol; represents the
maximum.
Modality is the inner symbol; represents the minimum.
What is the name of this model? - ANSWER One-to-one unary relationship
"A salesperson manages zero to many other salespersons, and a
salesperson is managed by exactly one other salesperson."
,What is the name of this model? - ANSWER One-to-many unary
relationship
"A product can either be part of no other products or be part of several
other products, and a product can either be composed of no other products
or be composed of several other products."
What is the name of this model? - ANSWER Many-to-many unary
relationship
What does 'refer' in Referential Integrity imply? - ANSWER This revolves
around the circumstance of trying to refer to data in one relation in the
database, based on values in another relation.
Define the delete rule RESTRICT. - ANSWER If the delete rule between
two relations is RESTRICT and an attempt is made to delete a record on
the "one side" of the one-to-many relationship, the system will forbid the
delete to take place if there are any matching foreign key values in the
relation on the "many side".
Define the delete rule CASCADE. - ANSWER If the delete rule between
two relations is CASCADE and an attempt is made to delete a record on
the "one side" of the relationship, not only will the record be deleted but all
of the records on the "many side" of the relationship that have a matching
foreign key value will also be deleted.
In other words, the delete will "cascade" from one relation to the other.
Define the delete rule SET-TO-NULL. - ANSWER If the delete rule between
the two relations is SET-TO-NULL and an attempt is made to delete a
record on the "one side" of the one-to-many relationship, that record will be
deleted and the matching foreign key values in the records on the "many
side" of the relationship will be set to null.
Essentially, it's exactly like the CASCADE delete option, but instead of
completely deleting all possible values, the values are set to NULL instead.
Which entity is uniquely identified by concatenating the primary keys of the
two entities it connects? - ANSWER Associative Entity
, Which type of entity is also called a dependent entity? - ANSWER Weak
Entity
Candidate Key - ANSWER This is when a relation has more than one
attribute or minimum group of attributes that represents a way of uniquely
identifying the entity.
Concurrency Problem - ANSWER When two or more users are trying to
update the same record simultaneously.
Equijoin - ANSWER Combines two or more tables based on a column that
is common to the tables.
Example: Joining Client and Salesman tables that both contain the
SalesmanID column which have the exact same values.
Foreign Key - ANSWER When an attribute or group of attributes serves as
the primary key of one relation and also appears in another relation.
Natural Join - ANSWER Matches each row in a table against each row in
another table based on common values found in columns sharing a
common name and data type.
Tuple - ANSWER Rows/records are referred to as tuples when talking
about relations. They serve the exact same function, it just has a different
name in the context of relations.
What are the five basic principles of The Database Concept? - ANSWER 1.
The creation of a datacentric environment that is a significant company
resource, which can be shared inside and outside the company.
2. The ability to achieve data integration while storing data in a non-
redundant fashion.
3. The ability to store data representing entities involved in multiple
relationships w/o introducing data redundancy.
4. Managing data control issues such as data security, backup and
recovery, and concurrency control.
5. High degree of data independence.
What are the four major DBMS approaches? - ANSWER - Hierarchical
- Network
