SUPPLY CHAIN MANAGEMENT
2018-2019
, Notities: “Supply Chain Management”
Inhoudsopgave
Inleiding ........................................................................................................................................................... 5
Deel 1: Supply Chain Management ................................................................................................................... 6
a. Competitive and supply chain strategy (dat al de 3 puntjes binnen dit aspect passen) ........................... 6
Strategie: The story of what & how? ............................................................................................................. 6
Objective of any supply chain ....................................................................................................................... 9
Achieving Strategic Fit ................................................................................................................................... 9
Supply chain key levers................................................................................................................................ 10
How to get things working? Change in relationship .................................................................................... 10
Supply Chain Management is the answer to increasingly demanding customers and fiercer competition.
..................................................................................................................................................................... 11
Traditionele supply chain: ........................................................................................................................... 11
Dell’s PC supply chain ....................................................................................................................................... 12
b. Suply Chain Management ....................................................................................................................... 12
what is SCM? ............................................................................................................................................... 12
FORMS OF SCM............................................................................................................................................ 18
Forms of SCM .............................................................................................................................................. 19
Conclusion ........................................................................................................................................................ 22
c. Supply chain management definitions .................................................................................................... 23
Supply chain management definitions ........................................................................................................ 24
Supply chain macro processes ..................................................................................................................... 24
d. Supply chain performance ...................................................................................................................... 25
Financial Measures ...................................................................................................................................... 25
e. Drivers of supply chain performance ...................................................................................................... 27
A. Facilities ............................................................................................................................................. 27
B. Inventory ........................................................................................................................................... 28
C. Transportation ................................................................................................................................... 32
D. Sourcing ............................................................................................................................................. 36
E. Pricing ................................................................................................................................................ 40
Deel 2: Forecast .............................................................................................................................................. 42
2.1. Introductie .......................................................................................................................................... 42
Easy to forecast?.......................................................................................................................................... 42
2.1. Introduction ............................................................................................................................................... 43
Demand forecasting .................................................................................................................................... 44
2.2: Position & Role within the Supply Chain .................................................................................................. 45
Definition ..................................................................................................................................................... 45
Who ? .......................................................................................................................................................... 46
The sales Manager/Director is the person who ‘should’ be responsible for this task. ............................... 46
Why Sales ? .................................................................................................................................................. 46
2.3: Characteristics of a Forecast .................................................................................................................... 47
Forecasting .................................................................................................................................................. 47
2.4: Components of a Forecast ........................................................................................................................ 48
1. Short term forecasts: <3m ....................................................................................................................... 48
2. Medium-term forecasts: 1yr.................................................................................................................... 48
3. Long-term forecasts: 3yr (and more) ....................................................................................................... 48
, Notities: “Supply Chain Management”
Levels of forecasting: ................................................................................................................................... 48
2.5: Basic Approach of a forecast .................................................................................................................... 49
2.6: Techniques of Forecasting ........................................................................................................................ 49
1. Qualitative ............................................................................................................................................... 49
2. Time Series .............................................................................................................................................. 49
3. Causal ...................................................................................................................................................... 49
4. Simulation ............................................................................................................................................... 49
2.7: Qualitative techniques of Forecasting ..................................................................................................... 50
1. Consumer/user survey method: ............................................................................................................. 50
2.Panels of executive opinion = Jury Method: ........................................................................................... 50
3. Salesforce composite: ............................................................................................................................. 50
4. Delphi method: ....................................................................................................................................... 50
2.8: Quantitative techniques of Forecasting ................................................................................................... 51
Components of an Observation ................................................................................................................... 51
2.8: Quantitative techniques of Forecasting ................................................................................................... 52
Time series: ................................................................................................................................................. 52
Steps in Adaptive Forecasting .................................................................................................................... 53
Moving Average .......................................................................................................................................... 53
Trend-Corrected Exponential Smoothing (Holt’s Model) .......................................................................... 55
TIME SERIES MODELS .................................................................................................................................. 55
Quality of forecast ...................................................................................................................................... 55
Forecast Accuracy Analysis ......................................................................................................................... 56
2.9: Forecasting and the Bullwhip effect ........................................................................................................ 56
Bullwhip effect causes directly linked with forecasting .............................................................................. 57
Demand signal processing .......................................................................................................................... 57
Price variations ........................................................................................................................................... 57
2.10. Demand planning (dia) ........................................................................................................................... 61
Wat maakt een succesvolle forecast? ......................................................................................................... 61
A Process That Incorporates Customer, Sales, Marketing and a Statistical Forecasts Into One Operational
Forecast ....................................................................................................................................................... 61
Fundamentele mogelijkheden ..................................................................................................................... 61
Voordelen .................................................................................................................................................... 61
→ What are the elements of Effective demand planning? ......................................................................... 62
Fundemantele capaciteiten & voordelen ................................................................................................... 62
1. Promotion management .................................................................................................................... 62
2. Impact of promotions on history and forecast (afbeelding nog bijzetten) ........................................ 62
3. Consensus forecasting (dia’s nog bijzetten “2”) ................................................................................ 62
4. Industry analysis of Product Lifecycles (2 dia’s erbij zetten/ enkel afbeeldingen) ............................ 62
5. Integration with sales & operations planning .................................................................................... 62
Data modeling: Components of demand .................................................................................................... 63
Promotion management ............................................................................................................................. 63
Promotion management ............................................................................................................................ 63
..................................................................................................................................................................... 63
Impact of promotions on history and forecast ............................................................................................ 63
Consensus forecast ...................................................................................................................................... 64
Industry Analysis of Product lifecycles ........................................................................................................ 64
Life Cycle Forecasting .................................................................................................................................. 64
..................................................................................................................................................................... 64
2.11. Sales & operatioins planning proces ................................................................................................. 65
No connection between business strategy and execution .......................................................................... 65
, Notities: “Supply Chain Management”
What is S&OP? S&OP, at heart, is a very simple idea: ............................................................................... 65
Deel 3: distribution/ retail channel ................................................................................................................ 68
....................................................................................................................................................................... 68
3.2. introductie .......................................................................................................................................... 68
1. Product – different retail-/ distribution-channels.............................................................................. 69
1. Shop – different retail -/ distribution channels.................................................................................. 69
3.3. Definition & function of distribution channel ..................................................................................... 71
• Definitions: ......................................................................................................................................... 71
3.4: Why would you outsource (Physical) distribution ? ................................................................................... 75
3.5: The added value of distribution Channels ................................................................................................. 76
3.6: Behavior & organisation of the channels .................................................................................................. 77
Marketing systeem types: ........................................................................................................................... 78
3.6. Behavior & organisation of the channels ........................................................................................... 81
DIEPER DUIK IN FRANCHISE: ........................................................................................................................ 81
- Wat is franchise? ................................................................................................................................ 81
Voordelen franchisegever?.......................................................................................................................... 81
Voordelen franchisenemer? ........................................................................................................................ 82
Nadelen van franchise: ................................................................................................................................ 82
3.7. Steps in defining your retail channels ................................................................................................ 85
4 primaire service outputs: ......................................................................................................................... 85
Secunaire service output: ........................................................................................................................... 85
Beslissingen maken: .................................................................................................................................... 86
Wat is klantenservice? ................................................................................................................................ 86
Waarom is klantenservice zo belangrijk? ................................................................................................... 86
1. Elementen van klantenservice .......................................................................................................... 86
2. Case wholesaler ................................................................................................................................. 87
3. Evaluate alternatives ......................................................................................................................... 87
4. Channel management dicision .......................................................................................................... 87
3.8. Types of distribution networks: SCM point of view ............................................................................ 89
Logistic cost, response time, and number of facilities ................................................................................ 90
1. Manufacturer storage with direct shipping ....................................................................................... 92
2. Manufacturer storage with direct shipping and in-transit merge ..................................................... 92
3. Distributor storage with carrier delivery ............................................................................................ 92
4. Distributor storage with last-mile delivery ........................................................................................ 92
5. Manufacturer/distributor storage with customer pickup.................................................................. 92
6. Retail storage with customer pickup ................................................................................................. 92
3.9. Types of distribution network – product type & Consumer behavior ................................................. 97
3.10. Types of distribution network – online vs offline retail .................................................................... 101
• Van singlechannel- naar omnichannelaanpak ................................................................................. 101
Impact of Online Sales on Customer Service ............................................................................................. 103
Impact of Online Sales on Cost .................................................................................................................. 103
3.11. Trend in distribution ......................................................................................................................... 104
1. Individualisation .................................................................................................................................... 104
2. Crosschannel.......................................................................................................................................... 104
3. Digital super consumer .......................................................................................................................... 104
4. Priori-time .............................................................................................................................................. 104
5. Transparency ........................................................................................................................................ 105
2018-2019
, Notities: “Supply Chain Management”
Inhoudsopgave
Inleiding ........................................................................................................................................................... 5
Deel 1: Supply Chain Management ................................................................................................................... 6
a. Competitive and supply chain strategy (dat al de 3 puntjes binnen dit aspect passen) ........................... 6
Strategie: The story of what & how? ............................................................................................................. 6
Objective of any supply chain ....................................................................................................................... 9
Achieving Strategic Fit ................................................................................................................................... 9
Supply chain key levers................................................................................................................................ 10
How to get things working? Change in relationship .................................................................................... 10
Supply Chain Management is the answer to increasingly demanding customers and fiercer competition.
..................................................................................................................................................................... 11
Traditionele supply chain: ........................................................................................................................... 11
Dell’s PC supply chain ....................................................................................................................................... 12
b. Suply Chain Management ....................................................................................................................... 12
what is SCM? ............................................................................................................................................... 12
FORMS OF SCM............................................................................................................................................ 18
Forms of SCM .............................................................................................................................................. 19
Conclusion ........................................................................................................................................................ 22
c. Supply chain management definitions .................................................................................................... 23
Supply chain management definitions ........................................................................................................ 24
Supply chain macro processes ..................................................................................................................... 24
d. Supply chain performance ...................................................................................................................... 25
Financial Measures ...................................................................................................................................... 25
e. Drivers of supply chain performance ...................................................................................................... 27
A. Facilities ............................................................................................................................................. 27
B. Inventory ........................................................................................................................................... 28
C. Transportation ................................................................................................................................... 32
D. Sourcing ............................................................................................................................................. 36
E. Pricing ................................................................................................................................................ 40
Deel 2: Forecast .............................................................................................................................................. 42
2.1. Introductie .......................................................................................................................................... 42
Easy to forecast?.......................................................................................................................................... 42
2.1. Introduction ............................................................................................................................................... 43
Demand forecasting .................................................................................................................................... 44
2.2: Position & Role within the Supply Chain .................................................................................................. 45
Definition ..................................................................................................................................................... 45
Who ? .......................................................................................................................................................... 46
The sales Manager/Director is the person who ‘should’ be responsible for this task. ............................... 46
Why Sales ? .................................................................................................................................................. 46
2.3: Characteristics of a Forecast .................................................................................................................... 47
Forecasting .................................................................................................................................................. 47
2.4: Components of a Forecast ........................................................................................................................ 48
1. Short term forecasts: <3m ....................................................................................................................... 48
2. Medium-term forecasts: 1yr.................................................................................................................... 48
3. Long-term forecasts: 3yr (and more) ....................................................................................................... 48
, Notities: “Supply Chain Management”
Levels of forecasting: ................................................................................................................................... 48
2.5: Basic Approach of a forecast .................................................................................................................... 49
2.6: Techniques of Forecasting ........................................................................................................................ 49
1. Qualitative ............................................................................................................................................... 49
2. Time Series .............................................................................................................................................. 49
3. Causal ...................................................................................................................................................... 49
4. Simulation ............................................................................................................................................... 49
2.7: Qualitative techniques of Forecasting ..................................................................................................... 50
1. Consumer/user survey method: ............................................................................................................. 50
2.Panels of executive opinion = Jury Method: ........................................................................................... 50
3. Salesforce composite: ............................................................................................................................. 50
4. Delphi method: ....................................................................................................................................... 50
2.8: Quantitative techniques of Forecasting ................................................................................................... 51
Components of an Observation ................................................................................................................... 51
2.8: Quantitative techniques of Forecasting ................................................................................................... 52
Time series: ................................................................................................................................................. 52
Steps in Adaptive Forecasting .................................................................................................................... 53
Moving Average .......................................................................................................................................... 53
Trend-Corrected Exponential Smoothing (Holt’s Model) .......................................................................... 55
TIME SERIES MODELS .................................................................................................................................. 55
Quality of forecast ...................................................................................................................................... 55
Forecast Accuracy Analysis ......................................................................................................................... 56
2.9: Forecasting and the Bullwhip effect ........................................................................................................ 56
Bullwhip effect causes directly linked with forecasting .............................................................................. 57
Demand signal processing .......................................................................................................................... 57
Price variations ........................................................................................................................................... 57
2.10. Demand planning (dia) ........................................................................................................................... 61
Wat maakt een succesvolle forecast? ......................................................................................................... 61
A Process That Incorporates Customer, Sales, Marketing and a Statistical Forecasts Into One Operational
Forecast ....................................................................................................................................................... 61
Fundamentele mogelijkheden ..................................................................................................................... 61
Voordelen .................................................................................................................................................... 61
→ What are the elements of Effective demand planning? ......................................................................... 62
Fundemantele capaciteiten & voordelen ................................................................................................... 62
1. Promotion management .................................................................................................................... 62
2. Impact of promotions on history and forecast (afbeelding nog bijzetten) ........................................ 62
3. Consensus forecasting (dia’s nog bijzetten “2”) ................................................................................ 62
4. Industry analysis of Product Lifecycles (2 dia’s erbij zetten/ enkel afbeeldingen) ............................ 62
5. Integration with sales & operations planning .................................................................................... 62
Data modeling: Components of demand .................................................................................................... 63
Promotion management ............................................................................................................................. 63
Promotion management ............................................................................................................................ 63
..................................................................................................................................................................... 63
Impact of promotions on history and forecast ............................................................................................ 63
Consensus forecast ...................................................................................................................................... 64
Industry Analysis of Product lifecycles ........................................................................................................ 64
Life Cycle Forecasting .................................................................................................................................. 64
..................................................................................................................................................................... 64
2.11. Sales & operatioins planning proces ................................................................................................. 65
No connection between business strategy and execution .......................................................................... 65
, Notities: “Supply Chain Management”
What is S&OP? S&OP, at heart, is a very simple idea: ............................................................................... 65
Deel 3: distribution/ retail channel ................................................................................................................ 68
....................................................................................................................................................................... 68
3.2. introductie .......................................................................................................................................... 68
1. Product – different retail-/ distribution-channels.............................................................................. 69
1. Shop – different retail -/ distribution channels.................................................................................. 69
3.3. Definition & function of distribution channel ..................................................................................... 71
• Definitions: ......................................................................................................................................... 71
3.4: Why would you outsource (Physical) distribution ? ................................................................................... 75
3.5: The added value of distribution Channels ................................................................................................. 76
3.6: Behavior & organisation of the channels .................................................................................................. 77
Marketing systeem types: ........................................................................................................................... 78
3.6. Behavior & organisation of the channels ........................................................................................... 81
DIEPER DUIK IN FRANCHISE: ........................................................................................................................ 81
- Wat is franchise? ................................................................................................................................ 81
Voordelen franchisegever?.......................................................................................................................... 81
Voordelen franchisenemer? ........................................................................................................................ 82
Nadelen van franchise: ................................................................................................................................ 82
3.7. Steps in defining your retail channels ................................................................................................ 85
4 primaire service outputs: ......................................................................................................................... 85
Secunaire service output: ........................................................................................................................... 85
Beslissingen maken: .................................................................................................................................... 86
Wat is klantenservice? ................................................................................................................................ 86
Waarom is klantenservice zo belangrijk? ................................................................................................... 86
1. Elementen van klantenservice .......................................................................................................... 86
2. Case wholesaler ................................................................................................................................. 87
3. Evaluate alternatives ......................................................................................................................... 87
4. Channel management dicision .......................................................................................................... 87
3.8. Types of distribution networks: SCM point of view ............................................................................ 89
Logistic cost, response time, and number of facilities ................................................................................ 90
1. Manufacturer storage with direct shipping ....................................................................................... 92
2. Manufacturer storage with direct shipping and in-transit merge ..................................................... 92
3. Distributor storage with carrier delivery ............................................................................................ 92
4. Distributor storage with last-mile delivery ........................................................................................ 92
5. Manufacturer/distributor storage with customer pickup.................................................................. 92
6. Retail storage with customer pickup ................................................................................................. 92
3.9. Types of distribution network – product type & Consumer behavior ................................................. 97
3.10. Types of distribution network – online vs offline retail .................................................................... 101
• Van singlechannel- naar omnichannelaanpak ................................................................................. 101
Impact of Online Sales on Customer Service ............................................................................................. 103
Impact of Online Sales on Cost .................................................................................................................. 103
3.11. Trend in distribution ......................................................................................................................... 104
1. Individualisation .................................................................................................................................... 104
2. Crosschannel.......................................................................................................................................... 104
3. Digital super consumer .......................................................................................................................... 104
4. Priori-time .............................................................................................................................................. 104
5. Transparency ........................................................................................................................................ 105
