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GEG 111 Exam 3 Questions With Verified
Answers.
Geomorphology - answer✔The study of Earth's surface landforms - their origin, evolution, form,
and spatial distribution
Layers of Earth's Interior - answer✔Earth's Core (inner and outer)--> Earth's mantle (lower and
upper)--> Earth's crust--> Asthenosphere and Lithosphere
Earth's Core - answer✔The core is differentiated into an
inner core and outer core.
• Earth's outer core is separated from
the mantle by a transition zone
known as the Gutenberg
discontinuity.
Earth's Crust - answer✔Outer layer, thickness varies. Made up of 8 natural resources.
Continental and Oceanic: continental made out of granite, oceanic made out of basalt
Asthenosphere and Lithosphere - answer✔The interior layers of core, mantle,
and crust are differentiated by chemical composition.
• The outer part is divided into the
lithosphere (rigid layer) and the
asthenosphere (plastic layer).
Mineral - answer✔An inorganic, natural, solid compound with a specific chemical formula, and
often a crystalline structure. Earth's most common mineral is quartz SiO2.
Common mineral groups - answer✔Silicates, Oxides, Sulfides & Sulfates, Carbonates, Halides.
, ©BRAINBARTER 2024/2025
Rock - answer✔A collection of minerals or a single mineral that forms a mass. Examples include
granite, obsidian, coal.
3 basic types of rock - answer✔1) Igneous (formed from molten material)
2)Sedimentary (formed from compaction or chemical processes).
3) Metamorphic (altered by heat and pressure)
Igneous Processes - answer✔• Igneous rocks form from magma, which is molten rock beneath
Earth's surface.
• When magma emerges at the surface, it is lava, although it retains its molten
characteristics.
• Igneous rocks make up about 90% of Earth's crust, although sedimentary rocks, soil, or oceans
frequently cover them.
Sedimentary Processes - answer✔Sedimentary rocks are formed from the compaction and
cementation of small particles deposited by the wind or water
• The small particles are known as clasts (grains or fragments)
• The particles may come from:The weathering and erosion of existing rock (e.g. sandstone), the
accumulation of shells on the ocean floor (e.g. limestone), the accumulation of organic
matter from ancient plants (e.g.
coal), or the precipitation of minerals
from solution (e.g. limestone)
• 2 classes of sedimentary rocks are:
1) Clastic
2) Chemical and Organic
The Rock Cycle - answer✔The rock cycle refers to the continuous change of
Earth materials from one rock type to another.
• Igneous rock formed from magma may break
down into sediment by weathering and erosion.
• It will then lithify into sedimentary rock.
• This rock may become buried and exposed to
GEG 111 Exam 3 Questions With Verified
Answers.
Geomorphology - answer✔The study of Earth's surface landforms - their origin, evolution, form,
and spatial distribution
Layers of Earth's Interior - answer✔Earth's Core (inner and outer)--> Earth's mantle (lower and
upper)--> Earth's crust--> Asthenosphere and Lithosphere
Earth's Core - answer✔The core is differentiated into an
inner core and outer core.
• Earth's outer core is separated from
the mantle by a transition zone
known as the Gutenberg
discontinuity.
Earth's Crust - answer✔Outer layer, thickness varies. Made up of 8 natural resources.
Continental and Oceanic: continental made out of granite, oceanic made out of basalt
Asthenosphere and Lithosphere - answer✔The interior layers of core, mantle,
and crust are differentiated by chemical composition.
• The outer part is divided into the
lithosphere (rigid layer) and the
asthenosphere (plastic layer).
Mineral - answer✔An inorganic, natural, solid compound with a specific chemical formula, and
often a crystalline structure. Earth's most common mineral is quartz SiO2.
Common mineral groups - answer✔Silicates, Oxides, Sulfides & Sulfates, Carbonates, Halides.
, ©BRAINBARTER 2024/2025
Rock - answer✔A collection of minerals or a single mineral that forms a mass. Examples include
granite, obsidian, coal.
3 basic types of rock - answer✔1) Igneous (formed from molten material)
2)Sedimentary (formed from compaction or chemical processes).
3) Metamorphic (altered by heat and pressure)
Igneous Processes - answer✔• Igneous rocks form from magma, which is molten rock beneath
Earth's surface.
• When magma emerges at the surface, it is lava, although it retains its molten
characteristics.
• Igneous rocks make up about 90% of Earth's crust, although sedimentary rocks, soil, or oceans
frequently cover them.
Sedimentary Processes - answer✔Sedimentary rocks are formed from the compaction and
cementation of small particles deposited by the wind or water
• The small particles are known as clasts (grains or fragments)
• The particles may come from:The weathering and erosion of existing rock (e.g. sandstone), the
accumulation of shells on the ocean floor (e.g. limestone), the accumulation of organic
matter from ancient plants (e.g.
coal), or the precipitation of minerals
from solution (e.g. limestone)
• 2 classes of sedimentary rocks are:
1) Clastic
2) Chemical and Organic
The Rock Cycle - answer✔The rock cycle refers to the continuous change of
Earth materials from one rock type to another.
• Igneous rock formed from magma may break
down into sediment by weathering and erosion.
• It will then lithify into sedimentary rock.
• This rock may become buried and exposed to
