ATCN 2020 Chapter 3 Shock Exam
100% Correct!!
What is the first step in managing shock in trauma patients? - ANSWER The first step in managing
shock in trauma patients is to recognize it.
Define Shock - ANSWER An abnormality of the circulatory system that results in inadequate oxygen
perfusion and tissue oxygenation.
List the second step in managing shock - ANSWER Is to identify the probable cause of shock and
adjust treatment accordingly.
List the four type of shock? - ANSWER Cardiogenic Shock
Obstructive Shock
Neurogenic Shock
Septic shock
Cardiogenic Shock caused by? - ANSWER (Caused by blunt cardiac injury) Suspect blunt cardiac
injury when the mechanism of injury to the thorax involves rapid deceleration.
List three causes of Cardiogenic shock - ANSWER Cardiac Tamponade
Is most commonly encountered in patients with penetrating thoracic trauma, it can result from blunt
injury to the thorax
1. Tachycardia
2. Muffled heart sounds
3. Dilated / engorged neck veins with hypotension and insufficient response to fluid therapy suggest
cardiac tamponade
Air Embolism
Myocardial Infarction
Obstructive Shock - Consider these diagnosis with injuries above the diaphragm - ANSWER Tension
Pneumothorax - reduces venous return resulting in Obstructive shock
, I. Acute Respiratory Distress
II. Sub - Q emphysema
III. Absent Unilateral breath Sounds
IV. Hyper resonance to percussion
V. Tracheal Shift
Cardiac Tamponade - blood in the pericardial sac inhibits cardiac contractility
Nearly __________________% of the bodies total blood volume is estimated to be in the venous
circuit - ANSWER 70% of the blood volume
Compliance of the venous system involves a relationship between
_________________________________ and venous return to the heart. - ANSWER Compliance of
the venous system involves a relationship between venous volume and venous return to the heart.
This pressure gradient drives blood flow and therefore the volume of venous return to the heart.
Myocardial Contractility Defined - ANSWER All chambers contract. Starlings Law - muscle fiber
length is related to the contractile properties of myocardial tissue.
After Load - Defined - ANSWER Pressure against the walls of the aorta and systemic arteries. Simply
stated, afterload is resistance to the forward flow of blood.
Earlier circulatory responses to blood loss are compensatory and include: - ANSWER Progressive
vasoconstriction of cutaneous, muscular and visceral circulation to preserve blood flow to the
kidneys, heart and brain.
The usual response to acute circulation blood volume depletion is - ANSWER Tachycardia - in an
attempt to preserve cardiac output
The release of __________________________________________________ increases peripheral
vascular resistance, which in turn increases diastolic pressure and reduces pulse pressure. How ever
this increase in pressure does little to increase organ & tissue perfusion. - ANSWER Endogenous
Catacholamines
The most effective method of restoring adequate cardiac output, end organ perfusion, and tissue
oxygenation is to: - ANSWER Restore venous return to normal by locating and stopping the source of
100% Correct!!
What is the first step in managing shock in trauma patients? - ANSWER The first step in managing
shock in trauma patients is to recognize it.
Define Shock - ANSWER An abnormality of the circulatory system that results in inadequate oxygen
perfusion and tissue oxygenation.
List the second step in managing shock - ANSWER Is to identify the probable cause of shock and
adjust treatment accordingly.
List the four type of shock? - ANSWER Cardiogenic Shock
Obstructive Shock
Neurogenic Shock
Septic shock
Cardiogenic Shock caused by? - ANSWER (Caused by blunt cardiac injury) Suspect blunt cardiac
injury when the mechanism of injury to the thorax involves rapid deceleration.
List three causes of Cardiogenic shock - ANSWER Cardiac Tamponade
Is most commonly encountered in patients with penetrating thoracic trauma, it can result from blunt
injury to the thorax
1. Tachycardia
2. Muffled heart sounds
3. Dilated / engorged neck veins with hypotension and insufficient response to fluid therapy suggest
cardiac tamponade
Air Embolism
Myocardial Infarction
Obstructive Shock - Consider these diagnosis with injuries above the diaphragm - ANSWER Tension
Pneumothorax - reduces venous return resulting in Obstructive shock
, I. Acute Respiratory Distress
II. Sub - Q emphysema
III. Absent Unilateral breath Sounds
IV. Hyper resonance to percussion
V. Tracheal Shift
Cardiac Tamponade - blood in the pericardial sac inhibits cardiac contractility
Nearly __________________% of the bodies total blood volume is estimated to be in the venous
circuit - ANSWER 70% of the blood volume
Compliance of the venous system involves a relationship between
_________________________________ and venous return to the heart. - ANSWER Compliance of
the venous system involves a relationship between venous volume and venous return to the heart.
This pressure gradient drives blood flow and therefore the volume of venous return to the heart.
Myocardial Contractility Defined - ANSWER All chambers contract. Starlings Law - muscle fiber
length is related to the contractile properties of myocardial tissue.
After Load - Defined - ANSWER Pressure against the walls of the aorta and systemic arteries. Simply
stated, afterload is resistance to the forward flow of blood.
Earlier circulatory responses to blood loss are compensatory and include: - ANSWER Progressive
vasoconstriction of cutaneous, muscular and visceral circulation to preserve blood flow to the
kidneys, heart and brain.
The usual response to acute circulation blood volume depletion is - ANSWER Tachycardia - in an
attempt to preserve cardiac output
The release of __________________________________________________ increases peripheral
vascular resistance, which in turn increases diastolic pressure and reduces pulse pressure. How ever
this increase in pressure does little to increase organ & tissue perfusion. - ANSWER Endogenous
Catacholamines
The most effective method of restoring adequate cardiac output, end organ perfusion, and tissue
oxygenation is to: - ANSWER Restore venous return to normal by locating and stopping the source of
