Relias - Fetal Heart Monitoring Exam
Questions and Answers 100% Solved
uterine blood supply - ✔✔- uterine arteries deliver oxygenated blood to
spiral arteries which bring oxygen rich blood to intervillous space of
placenta that has fetal capillaries
- fetal capillaries carry the O2 rich blood to umbilical VEIN that goes to
fetus
-in contrast, the umbilical ARTERIES return waste products to that
intervillous space that go into mother's venous system
Potential issues that negatively affect fetal oxygenation - ✔✔*Maternal
Oxygenation:* asthma, hyper- or hypo- ventilation
*Maternal Circulation:* decreased maternal cardiac output, hypotension,
decreased Hgb
,*Placental O2 and CO2 Exchange:* postterm, abruption, HTN,
hypotension, uterine tachysystole
*Fetal circulation:* cord compression or occlusion
Fetal hypoxemia - ✔✔- can occur d/t reduced fetal O2 reserves, excessive
uterine activity, or reduced uteroplacental blood flow
- worsening fetal hypoxemia can lead to abnormal FHR patterns, mostly
minimal or absent variability from acidemia
(1) hypoxemia vs. (2) hypoxia - ✔✔1 - reduce O2 in blood
2 - reduced O2 delivery at tissue level
Fetal anaerobic metabolism - ✔✔- occurs when long term O2 delivery is
insufficient to meet cellular needs of tissues
- results in production of lactic acid and other noncarbonic acids
- ACIDOSIS is the presence of excessive acids in tissues
acidosis - ✔✔pH below 7.35
, pH is low
(acidosis is the process that leads to low blood pH, or acidemia)
alkalosis - ✔✔pH above 7.45
pH is high
buffers - ✔✔- help maintain acid base homeostasis
- 2 major fetal buffers are plasma bicarbonate and hgb
base excess and base deficit - ✔✔- base deficit is expressed as a positive
number
- base excess is expressed as a negative number
~ they are equivalent and terms are used interchangeably ~
fetal acidosis - ✔✔- when O2 is decreased to fetus, tissue hypoxia results
in acidosis, which then shows a drop in pH, a loss of bicarb, and increase
in base deficit
Questions and Answers 100% Solved
uterine blood supply - ✔✔- uterine arteries deliver oxygenated blood to
spiral arteries which bring oxygen rich blood to intervillous space of
placenta that has fetal capillaries
- fetal capillaries carry the O2 rich blood to umbilical VEIN that goes to
fetus
-in contrast, the umbilical ARTERIES return waste products to that
intervillous space that go into mother's venous system
Potential issues that negatively affect fetal oxygenation - ✔✔*Maternal
Oxygenation:* asthma, hyper- or hypo- ventilation
*Maternal Circulation:* decreased maternal cardiac output, hypotension,
decreased Hgb
,*Placental O2 and CO2 Exchange:* postterm, abruption, HTN,
hypotension, uterine tachysystole
*Fetal circulation:* cord compression or occlusion
Fetal hypoxemia - ✔✔- can occur d/t reduced fetal O2 reserves, excessive
uterine activity, or reduced uteroplacental blood flow
- worsening fetal hypoxemia can lead to abnormal FHR patterns, mostly
minimal or absent variability from acidemia
(1) hypoxemia vs. (2) hypoxia - ✔✔1 - reduce O2 in blood
2 - reduced O2 delivery at tissue level
Fetal anaerobic metabolism - ✔✔- occurs when long term O2 delivery is
insufficient to meet cellular needs of tissues
- results in production of lactic acid and other noncarbonic acids
- ACIDOSIS is the presence of excessive acids in tissues
acidosis - ✔✔pH below 7.35
, pH is low
(acidosis is the process that leads to low blood pH, or acidemia)
alkalosis - ✔✔pH above 7.45
pH is high
buffers - ✔✔- help maintain acid base homeostasis
- 2 major fetal buffers are plasma bicarbonate and hgb
base excess and base deficit - ✔✔- base deficit is expressed as a positive
number
- base excess is expressed as a negative number
~ they are equivalent and terms are used interchangeably ~
fetal acidosis - ✔✔- when O2 is decreased to fetus, tissue hypoxia results
in acidosis, which then shows a drop in pH, a loss of bicarb, and increase
in base deficit
