ANATOMY & PHYSIOLOGY FINAL EXAM WITH CORRECT
ANSWERS #23
A jogger has stepped in a pothole and sprained his ankle. What organ systems have
suffered damage? - correct answer Skeletal
Cardiovascular
Integumentary
Nervous
Muscular
A newborn baby is unable to hold down any milk. Examination reveals a developmental
disorder in which the esophagus fails to connect to the stomach. What survival needs
are most immediately threatened? - correct answer nutrition and water
The Chan family was traveling in their can and had a minor accident. The children in the
backseat were wearing seat belts, but they still sustained bruises around the abdomen
and had some internal organ injuries. Why is this area more vulnerable to damage than
others? - correct answer no skeletal protection or soft tissue
John, a patient at Jones City Hospital, is in tough shape. He has a hernia in his inguinal
region, pain from an infected kidney in his lumbar region, and severe bruises and
swelling in his pubic region. Explain where each of these regions in located. - correct
answer Hernia→thigh and trunk meet
Kidney→lower back
Bruises→genital area
The hormone thyroxine is released in response to a pituitary hormone called TSH. As
thyroxine levels increase in the blood, they exert negative feedback on the release of
TSH by the pituitary gland. What effect will this have on the release of TSH? - correct
answer TSH declines
In congestive heart failure, the weakened heart is unable to pump with sufficient
strength to empty its own chambers. As a result, blood backs up in the veins, blood
pressure rises, and circulation is impaired. Describe what will happen as this situation
worsens owing to positive feedback. Then, predict how a heart strengthening
medication will reverse positive feedback. - correct answer circulation will slow down
causing organ failure
Medication will strengthen the heart (reduces pressure) and an increase in blood supply
The following advanced imaging techniques are discussed in the text: Ct, DSA, PET,
ultrasound, and MRI. Which of these techniques uses X-rays? Which uses radio waves
and magnetic fields? Which uses radioisotopes? Which displays body regions in
sections? (You may have more than one answer for each question) - correct answer CT
and DSA→X-rays
MRI and ultrasound→magnetic fields and radio waves
PET→radioisotopes
, CT, MRI, and PET display body regions in sections.
A patient reports stabbing pains in the right hypochondriac region. The medical staff
suspects gallstones. What region of the body will be examined? - correct answer right
side of the body (below the rib cage)
Mr. Harvey, a computer programmer, has been complaining of numbness and pain in
his right hand. His nurse practitioner diagnoses his problem as carpal tunnel syndrome
and prescribes the use of a split. Where will Mr. Harvey apply the splint? - correct
answer in the right wrist
It is determined that a patient is in acidosis. What does this mean, and would you treat
the condition with a chemical that would raise or lower the ph balance? - correct answer
excessive acid in the body fluids (lower the ph)
A newborn is diagnosed with sickle cell anemia, a genetic disease in which substitution
of one amino acid results in abnormal hemoglobin. Explain to the parents how the
substitution can have such drastic effect on the structure of the protein. - correct answer
oxygen will not bind (there will be a little oxygen in the blood)
Johnny's body temperature is spiking upward. When it reaches 104 degrees, his mother
puts in a call to the pediatrician. She is advised to give Johnny children's
acetaminophen or ibuprofen and sponge his body with cool to tepid water to prevent a
further rise in temperature. How might a fever (excessively high body temperature) be
detrimental to Johnny's welfare? - correct answer if his body temperature becomes too
hot (overheated)
Mrs. Gallo's physician suspects that she is showing the initial signs of multiple sclerosis,
a disease characterized by the formation of hardened plaques in the insulating sheaths
surrounding nerve fibers. What medical imaging technique will the physician probably
order to determine if such plaques are present? - correct answer serial magnetic
resonance (MR)
Stanley has indigestion and is doubled over in pain. How could an antacid reduce his
stomach discomfort? - correct answer there is more acid than he can handle, and an
antacid will act as a buffer against increasing ph
Explain why the formation of ATP from ADP and Pi requires more energy than the
amount released for cellular use when ATP is broken down. - correct answer ATP-->
ADP + Pi (releases energy)
ADP+Pi-->ATP (absorbs energy)
Johnny lacerated his arm and rushed home to Mom so she could "fix it." His mother
poured hydrogen peroxide over the area, and it bubbled vigorously where it came in
contact with the wound. Because you can expect that cells were ruptured in the injured
ANSWERS #23
A jogger has stepped in a pothole and sprained his ankle. What organ systems have
suffered damage? - correct answer Skeletal
Cardiovascular
Integumentary
Nervous
Muscular
A newborn baby is unable to hold down any milk. Examination reveals a developmental
disorder in which the esophagus fails to connect to the stomach. What survival needs
are most immediately threatened? - correct answer nutrition and water
The Chan family was traveling in their can and had a minor accident. The children in the
backseat were wearing seat belts, but they still sustained bruises around the abdomen
and had some internal organ injuries. Why is this area more vulnerable to damage than
others? - correct answer no skeletal protection or soft tissue
John, a patient at Jones City Hospital, is in tough shape. He has a hernia in his inguinal
region, pain from an infected kidney in his lumbar region, and severe bruises and
swelling in his pubic region. Explain where each of these regions in located. - correct
answer Hernia→thigh and trunk meet
Kidney→lower back
Bruises→genital area
The hormone thyroxine is released in response to a pituitary hormone called TSH. As
thyroxine levels increase in the blood, they exert negative feedback on the release of
TSH by the pituitary gland. What effect will this have on the release of TSH? - correct
answer TSH declines
In congestive heart failure, the weakened heart is unable to pump with sufficient
strength to empty its own chambers. As a result, blood backs up in the veins, blood
pressure rises, and circulation is impaired. Describe what will happen as this situation
worsens owing to positive feedback. Then, predict how a heart strengthening
medication will reverse positive feedback. - correct answer circulation will slow down
causing organ failure
Medication will strengthen the heart (reduces pressure) and an increase in blood supply
The following advanced imaging techniques are discussed in the text: Ct, DSA, PET,
ultrasound, and MRI. Which of these techniques uses X-rays? Which uses radio waves
and magnetic fields? Which uses radioisotopes? Which displays body regions in
sections? (You may have more than one answer for each question) - correct answer CT
and DSA→X-rays
MRI and ultrasound→magnetic fields and radio waves
PET→radioisotopes
, CT, MRI, and PET display body regions in sections.
A patient reports stabbing pains in the right hypochondriac region. The medical staff
suspects gallstones. What region of the body will be examined? - correct answer right
side of the body (below the rib cage)
Mr. Harvey, a computer programmer, has been complaining of numbness and pain in
his right hand. His nurse practitioner diagnoses his problem as carpal tunnel syndrome
and prescribes the use of a split. Where will Mr. Harvey apply the splint? - correct
answer in the right wrist
It is determined that a patient is in acidosis. What does this mean, and would you treat
the condition with a chemical that would raise or lower the ph balance? - correct answer
excessive acid in the body fluids (lower the ph)
A newborn is diagnosed with sickle cell anemia, a genetic disease in which substitution
of one amino acid results in abnormal hemoglobin. Explain to the parents how the
substitution can have such drastic effect on the structure of the protein. - correct answer
oxygen will not bind (there will be a little oxygen in the blood)
Johnny's body temperature is spiking upward. When it reaches 104 degrees, his mother
puts in a call to the pediatrician. She is advised to give Johnny children's
acetaminophen or ibuprofen and sponge his body with cool to tepid water to prevent a
further rise in temperature. How might a fever (excessively high body temperature) be
detrimental to Johnny's welfare? - correct answer if his body temperature becomes too
hot (overheated)
Mrs. Gallo's physician suspects that she is showing the initial signs of multiple sclerosis,
a disease characterized by the formation of hardened plaques in the insulating sheaths
surrounding nerve fibers. What medical imaging technique will the physician probably
order to determine if such plaques are present? - correct answer serial magnetic
resonance (MR)
Stanley has indigestion and is doubled over in pain. How could an antacid reduce his
stomach discomfort? - correct answer there is more acid than he can handle, and an
antacid will act as a buffer against increasing ph
Explain why the formation of ATP from ADP and Pi requires more energy than the
amount released for cellular use when ATP is broken down. - correct answer ATP-->
ADP + Pi (releases energy)
ADP+Pi-->ATP (absorbs energy)
Johnny lacerated his arm and rushed home to Mom so she could "fix it." His mother
poured hydrogen peroxide over the area, and it bubbled vigorously where it came in
contact with the wound. Because you can expect that cells were ruptured in the injured
