A&P 1 LECTURE FINAL EXAM GRADED #19 2024
Cell membrane - correct answer the barrier of a cell, that separates the extracellular
fluid and the intercellular fluid, and only allows certain materials to go in and out of the
cell
Passive transport - correct answer the process of a particle moving across a membrane
that does not need energy to move, certain compounds lacking a charge (o2, n2, h2o,
and co2)
Active transport - correct answer the process of moving particles across the membrane
against the concentration gradient with energy, compounds that have a charge (h+, k+,
or na+) cannot move easily and need help with energy.
Simple diffusion - correct answer a type of passive transport that small non-polar
substances with move down the concentration gradient (high to low)
Facilitated diffusion - correct answer a process of diffusion that takes place with the help
of proteins such as channel proteins (less selective) or carrier proteins (more selective).
Osmosis - correct answer the diffusion of water through a selectively permeable
membrane, occurs whenever the water concentration differs on the two sides of the
membrane
Primary active transport - correct answer active transport that uses the energy of atp
directly, to move against the concentration gradient
Secondary active transport - correct answer form of active transport which does not use
atp as an energy source; rather, transport is coupled to ion diffusion down a
concentration gradient established by primary active transport.
Endocytosis - correct answer a form of active transport in which materials from outside
the cell come inside the cell through the cell membrane
Exocytosis - correct answer process by which materials inside the cell go outside
through the cell membrane
Pinocytosis - correct answer a type of endocytosis in which the cell ingests extracellular
fluid and its dissolved solutes.
Phagocytosis - correct answer a type of endocytosis in which a cell engulfs large
particles or whole cells
Polar - correct answer when electrons are shared unequally
Non-polar - correct answer when electrons are shared equally
, Membrane potential - correct answer gradient of electrical potential across a cll
membrane. In resting state, all body plasma membranes exhibit a resting membrane
potential
Transcription - correct answer where dna information is encoded in mrna
Translation - correct answer where the information is carried by mrna is decoded and
used to assemble polypeptides
Mrna (messenger rna) - correct answer the form of rna where it carries a transcript of
the code to the cytoplasm
Rrna (ribosomal rna) - correct answer the form of rna that forms the ribosome subunits
that provide the site of protein synthesis
Trna (transfer rna) - correct answer form of rna where molecules that ferry the amino
acids to the ribosomes
Triplets - correct answer consecutive sequence of three nucleotides on a
Dna molecule that, when transcribed into an mrna codon, corresponds to a particular
amino acid
Codons - correct answer consecutive sequence of three nucleotides on an mrna
molecule that corresponds to a specific amino acid
Anticodons - correct answer consecutive sequence of three nucleotides on a trna
molecule that is complementary to a specific on an mrna molecule
Anatomy - correct answer the study of the structure of the body
Physiology - correct answer the study of how the body and its parts work or function
Gross anatomy - correct answer structures that can be examined with the naked eye
Microscopic anatomy - correct answer the study of structures that can be observed only
with the use of a microscope or other magnification devices
Chemical level - correct answer the level of the body's organization that includes atoms
and molecules; the chemical substances that make up the body's structure
Cellular level - correct answer the level of the body's organization that includes the
smallest indecently functioning unit of a living organism and makes up tissues
Tissue level - correct answer the level of the body's organization where a group of
similar cells work together to perform a specific function and makes up organs
Cell membrane - correct answer the barrier of a cell, that separates the extracellular
fluid and the intercellular fluid, and only allows certain materials to go in and out of the
cell
Passive transport - correct answer the process of a particle moving across a membrane
that does not need energy to move, certain compounds lacking a charge (o2, n2, h2o,
and co2)
Active transport - correct answer the process of moving particles across the membrane
against the concentration gradient with energy, compounds that have a charge (h+, k+,
or na+) cannot move easily and need help with energy.
Simple diffusion - correct answer a type of passive transport that small non-polar
substances with move down the concentration gradient (high to low)
Facilitated diffusion - correct answer a process of diffusion that takes place with the help
of proteins such as channel proteins (less selective) or carrier proteins (more selective).
Osmosis - correct answer the diffusion of water through a selectively permeable
membrane, occurs whenever the water concentration differs on the two sides of the
membrane
Primary active transport - correct answer active transport that uses the energy of atp
directly, to move against the concentration gradient
Secondary active transport - correct answer form of active transport which does not use
atp as an energy source; rather, transport is coupled to ion diffusion down a
concentration gradient established by primary active transport.
Endocytosis - correct answer a form of active transport in which materials from outside
the cell come inside the cell through the cell membrane
Exocytosis - correct answer process by which materials inside the cell go outside
through the cell membrane
Pinocytosis - correct answer a type of endocytosis in which the cell ingests extracellular
fluid and its dissolved solutes.
Phagocytosis - correct answer a type of endocytosis in which a cell engulfs large
particles or whole cells
Polar - correct answer when electrons are shared unequally
Non-polar - correct answer when electrons are shared equally
, Membrane potential - correct answer gradient of electrical potential across a cll
membrane. In resting state, all body plasma membranes exhibit a resting membrane
potential
Transcription - correct answer where dna information is encoded in mrna
Translation - correct answer where the information is carried by mrna is decoded and
used to assemble polypeptides
Mrna (messenger rna) - correct answer the form of rna where it carries a transcript of
the code to the cytoplasm
Rrna (ribosomal rna) - correct answer the form of rna that forms the ribosome subunits
that provide the site of protein synthesis
Trna (transfer rna) - correct answer form of rna where molecules that ferry the amino
acids to the ribosomes
Triplets - correct answer consecutive sequence of three nucleotides on a
Dna molecule that, when transcribed into an mrna codon, corresponds to a particular
amino acid
Codons - correct answer consecutive sequence of three nucleotides on an mrna
molecule that corresponds to a specific amino acid
Anticodons - correct answer consecutive sequence of three nucleotides on a trna
molecule that is complementary to a specific on an mrna molecule
Anatomy - correct answer the study of the structure of the body
Physiology - correct answer the study of how the body and its parts work or function
Gross anatomy - correct answer structures that can be examined with the naked eye
Microscopic anatomy - correct answer the study of structures that can be observed only
with the use of a microscope or other magnification devices
Chemical level - correct answer the level of the body's organization that includes atoms
and molecules; the chemical substances that make up the body's structure
Cellular level - correct answer the level of the body's organization that includes the
smallest indecently functioning unit of a living organism and makes up tissues
Tissue level - correct answer the level of the body's organization where a group of
similar cells work together to perform a specific function and makes up organs
