Vision & Hearing Exam Questions
and Answers 100% Verified
What is myopia? - ANSWER - Near sightedness. Light rays are focused in front of
retina. It may occur because of excessive light refraction by the cornea or lens, or
because of an abnormally long eye. This can also occur when blood glucose levels
are elevated, swelling the lens e.g. uncontrolled diabetes.
What is hyperopia? - ANSWER - Far sightedness. The light rays focus behind the
retina and pt must use accommodation to focus the light rays. Occurs when eye ball
is too short.
What is presbyopia? - ANSWER - Loss of accommodation associated with age. Have
difficulty focussing on near objects.
What is astigmatism caused by? - ANSWER - Irregular corneal curvature. Causes
incoming light rays to be bent unequally. Eye is egg shaped. Focuses in two places.
What is aphakia? - ANSWER - Absence of the lens. May be congenital, due cataract
surgery, or traumatically dislodged.
What are examples of correctable refractive errors? - ANSWER - Myopia, hyperopia,
presbyopia, astigmatism, and aphakia.
What is the treatment for correctable refractive errors? - ANSWER -
Glasses/corrective lenses. Myopia - concave lens. Hyperopia, presbyopia and
aphakia - convex. Contact lenses - better as they provide more peripheral vision.
What is the nursing management for correctable refractive errors? - ANSWER -
Awareness of specific deficit and pathophysiology. Identify external support
systems. Place light objects on dark background - eg white plate on black placemat,
black felt tip marker and contrasting colours - e.g. red stripe at edge of strip or curb,
large fonts.
, What is a stye? - ANSWER - Clinical name = hordeolum. Infection of sebaceous
glands in eyelids. Staphylococcus aureus. AB's, ointments and drops can be used as
treatment.
What is conjunctivitis? - ANSWER - Inflammation of conjunctiva. Most common
cause of red eyes. Can be bacterial, viral, or allergenistic e.g. cigarette smoke.
What is blepharitis? - ANSWER - Inflammation of lids and lashes and meibomian
glands. Can occur simultaneously to conjunctivitis.
What is chlamydia? - ANSWER - Adult inclusion conjunctivitis. Prevalence is
increasing due to STI's.
What is herpes simplex virus/keratitis? - ANSWER - Infection of the cornea.
What is the treatment for infection and inflammation of the eye? - ANSWER - Avoid
spreading infection, maintain acceptable level of comfort, improve visual acuity,
and promote good health seeking behaviour.
What are the 4 types of strabismus? - ANSWER - Esotropia (inward), exotropia
(outward), hypertropia (upward), and hypotropia (downward)
What is a cataract? - ANSWER - An opacity within the lens. Can be bilateral or
unilateral. It's a normal process, by age of 70 most people will have some form. Can
be associated with other factors i.e. trauma, congenital factors (maternal rubella),
radiation, UV light exposure, certain drugs (e.g. corticosteroids). NOTE: people with
diabetes tend to get it earlier than people without.
What are the clinical manifestations of cataracts? - ANSWER - Decrease vision,
abnormal colour perception, and glare, worsens at night when pupil dilates. Cloudy
vision.
How are cataracts diagnosed? - ANSWER - Through pt hx, ophthalmoscope or slit
lamp
and Answers 100% Verified
What is myopia? - ANSWER - Near sightedness. Light rays are focused in front of
retina. It may occur because of excessive light refraction by the cornea or lens, or
because of an abnormally long eye. This can also occur when blood glucose levels
are elevated, swelling the lens e.g. uncontrolled diabetes.
What is hyperopia? - ANSWER - Far sightedness. The light rays focus behind the
retina and pt must use accommodation to focus the light rays. Occurs when eye ball
is too short.
What is presbyopia? - ANSWER - Loss of accommodation associated with age. Have
difficulty focussing on near objects.
What is astigmatism caused by? - ANSWER - Irregular corneal curvature. Causes
incoming light rays to be bent unequally. Eye is egg shaped. Focuses in two places.
What is aphakia? - ANSWER - Absence of the lens. May be congenital, due cataract
surgery, or traumatically dislodged.
What are examples of correctable refractive errors? - ANSWER - Myopia, hyperopia,
presbyopia, astigmatism, and aphakia.
What is the treatment for correctable refractive errors? - ANSWER -
Glasses/corrective lenses. Myopia - concave lens. Hyperopia, presbyopia and
aphakia - convex. Contact lenses - better as they provide more peripheral vision.
What is the nursing management for correctable refractive errors? - ANSWER -
Awareness of specific deficit and pathophysiology. Identify external support
systems. Place light objects on dark background - eg white plate on black placemat,
black felt tip marker and contrasting colours - e.g. red stripe at edge of strip or curb,
large fonts.
, What is a stye? - ANSWER - Clinical name = hordeolum. Infection of sebaceous
glands in eyelids. Staphylococcus aureus. AB's, ointments and drops can be used as
treatment.
What is conjunctivitis? - ANSWER - Inflammation of conjunctiva. Most common
cause of red eyes. Can be bacterial, viral, or allergenistic e.g. cigarette smoke.
What is blepharitis? - ANSWER - Inflammation of lids and lashes and meibomian
glands. Can occur simultaneously to conjunctivitis.
What is chlamydia? - ANSWER - Adult inclusion conjunctivitis. Prevalence is
increasing due to STI's.
What is herpes simplex virus/keratitis? - ANSWER - Infection of the cornea.
What is the treatment for infection and inflammation of the eye? - ANSWER - Avoid
spreading infection, maintain acceptable level of comfort, improve visual acuity,
and promote good health seeking behaviour.
What are the 4 types of strabismus? - ANSWER - Esotropia (inward), exotropia
(outward), hypertropia (upward), and hypotropia (downward)
What is a cataract? - ANSWER - An opacity within the lens. Can be bilateral or
unilateral. It's a normal process, by age of 70 most people will have some form. Can
be associated with other factors i.e. trauma, congenital factors (maternal rubella),
radiation, UV light exposure, certain drugs (e.g. corticosteroids). NOTE: people with
diabetes tend to get it earlier than people without.
What are the clinical manifestations of cataracts? - ANSWER - Decrease vision,
abnormal colour perception, and glare, worsens at night when pupil dilates. Cloudy
vision.
How are cataracts diagnosed? - ANSWER - Through pt hx, ophthalmoscope or slit
lamp
