PALS Questions with Correct Answers
Latest Update
What should the first rescuer arriving on the scene of an unresponsive infant or child
do? (Put the steps in order.) - ANSWER -2,1,4,3
How long should assessing for breathing and a pulse take? - ANSWER -No longer than
10 seconds
What should you do to check for breathing? - ANSWER -Look for chest rise and fall
Where can you check a pulse on an infant and a child? - ANSWER -Brachial
If the child does not have normal breathing and a pulse of 64/min is present, you will
need to - ANSWER -provide rescue breathing
For an unwitnessed cardiac arrest, what should you do after determining
unresponsiveness and there is no breathing and no pulse? - ANSWER -Perform high-
quality CPR for 2 minutes
The appropriate rate for compressions for children is 100 to 120/min. What is the correct
depth for children? - ANSWER -Approximately 2 inches (one third AP diameter)
What is the compression-to-ventilation ratio for 1- and
2-rescuer CPR for children and infants? - ANSWER -• Single rescuer: 30:2
• 2 rescuers: 15:2
How should 1-rescuer infant compressions be delivered? - ANSWER -With 2 fingers or
2 thumbs
What are the 4 universal steps for operation of an AED? - ANSWER -1 Turn on the AED
2 Attach pads to the patient
3 Analyze the heart rhythm
4 Deliver indicated shock
If the AED indicates no shock advised, what should be the next action? - ANSWER -
Start chest compressions
What does A-B-C in the Pediatric Assessment Triangle
(PAT) stand for? - ANSWER -Appearance
B Work of breathing
c Circulation
,When is the Pediatric Assessment Triangle (PAT)
performed to make an initial assessment? - ANSWER -During the "from the doorway"
observation
What sequence is used when caring for a seriously ill or injured child to help determine
the best treatment or intervention? The__________sequence. - ANSWER -Evaluate
Identify
Intervene
The evaluate-identify-intervene sequence should be continued until - ANSWER -The
child is stable
The primary assessment includes the ABCDE approach.
What does it assess? - ANSWER -Airway, breathing, circulation, disability, and
exposure
How is the airway assessed? - ANSWER -Determining if the airway is open/patent
In the primary assessment, how should you open the airway of a child who is not
suspected of having a cervical spine injury? - ANSWER -With a head tilt-chin lift
In infants, the abdomen may move______the chest - ANSWER -more than
What is a characteristic of normal chest rise? - ANSWER -Symmetrical during
inspiration
Where can you check a pulse on an infant and a child? - ANSWER -Infant Brachial
Child Femoral
_______is usually high-pitched breathing during inspiration, whereas________is usually
during expiration. - ANSWER -Stridor
wheezing
Snoring and gurgling are a result of_____airway obstruction. - ANSWER -upper
Oxygen saturation less than_____indicates low
oxygen saturation, which is known as hypoxemia. - ANSWER -94%
Pulse oximetry indicates oxygen______but not oxygen delivery. - ANSWER -saturation
Determine the respiratory rate by counting the number of times the chest rises
in______seconds and multiplying
by - ANSWER -30
2
Tachypnea is often the first sign of respiratory_______in infants - ANSWER -distress
,Conditions that______air resistance lead to increased
respiratory______ - ANSWER -increase
effort
What are signs of increased respiratory effort that can lead to fatigue and respiratory
failure? - ANSWER -Head bobbing
Seesaw respirations
Retractions
Nasal flaring
Hypotension for children 1 to 10 years of age is a systolic blood pressure of less than -
ANSWER -70 mm Hg + (2 × the age in years)
Automated blood pressure cuffs may provide______readings when the child is in shock.
- ANSWER -inaccurately high
What does a prolonged capillary refill time indicate? - ANSWER -Low cardiac output
Normal capillary refill time is_____second(s) or less. - ANSWER -2
What is the preferred technique for infant compressions when there are 2 or more
rescuers present? - ANSWER -2 thumb-encircling hands technique
What pulses should be assessed to monitor systemic perfusion in a child? - ANSWER -
Peripheral and central
What do weak central pulses indicate a need for immediate intervention to prevent? -
ANSWER -Cardiac arrest
When oxygen delivery to the extremities becomes inadequate, the______and_____are
the first to exhibit signs - ANSWER -hands
feet
What should be used to assess skin temperature? - ANSWER -The back of the hand
If pupils do not_____in response to bright light, consider increased_____pressure. -
ANSWER -constrict
intracranial
If____is not identified and treated immediately, it can result in____injury. - ANSWER -
hypoglycemia
brain
What are the 4 indicators of the AVPU scale that are used to determine
responsiveness? - ANSWER -Alert
, Responds to voice
Responds to pain
Unresponsive
If the child does not respond to voice, assess the child's response to - ANSWER -pain
What does the mnemonic SAMPLE stand for? - ANSWER -S
Signs and symptoms
A
Allergies
M Medications
P
• Past medical history
L
Last meal
E
Events leading up to illness/injury
Which component of SAMPLE assesses immunization status? - ANSWER -Past
medical history
What should you look for when exposing the child? - ANSWER -Bruising
Purpura
Bleeding
What are some examples of diagnostic assessments? - ANSWER -Venous blood gas
(VBG)
Arterial blood gas (ABG)
Hemoglobin concentration
What dictates the timing of diagnostic assessments? - ANSWER -Clinical situation
What should be included in the history when asking about medications? - ANSWER -
Current prescribed medications
Over-the-counter medications
If pupils do not_____in response to bright light,
consider increased____pressure. - ANSWER -constrict
intracranial
What is the best example of the Team Leader role? - ANSWER -Models excellent team
behavior
What is the best example of a team member role? - ANSWER -Committed to success
Latest Update
What should the first rescuer arriving on the scene of an unresponsive infant or child
do? (Put the steps in order.) - ANSWER -2,1,4,3
How long should assessing for breathing and a pulse take? - ANSWER -No longer than
10 seconds
What should you do to check for breathing? - ANSWER -Look for chest rise and fall
Where can you check a pulse on an infant and a child? - ANSWER -Brachial
If the child does not have normal breathing and a pulse of 64/min is present, you will
need to - ANSWER -provide rescue breathing
For an unwitnessed cardiac arrest, what should you do after determining
unresponsiveness and there is no breathing and no pulse? - ANSWER -Perform high-
quality CPR for 2 minutes
The appropriate rate for compressions for children is 100 to 120/min. What is the correct
depth for children? - ANSWER -Approximately 2 inches (one third AP diameter)
What is the compression-to-ventilation ratio for 1- and
2-rescuer CPR for children and infants? - ANSWER -• Single rescuer: 30:2
• 2 rescuers: 15:2
How should 1-rescuer infant compressions be delivered? - ANSWER -With 2 fingers or
2 thumbs
What are the 4 universal steps for operation of an AED? - ANSWER -1 Turn on the AED
2 Attach pads to the patient
3 Analyze the heart rhythm
4 Deliver indicated shock
If the AED indicates no shock advised, what should be the next action? - ANSWER -
Start chest compressions
What does A-B-C in the Pediatric Assessment Triangle
(PAT) stand for? - ANSWER -Appearance
B Work of breathing
c Circulation
,When is the Pediatric Assessment Triangle (PAT)
performed to make an initial assessment? - ANSWER -During the "from the doorway"
observation
What sequence is used when caring for a seriously ill or injured child to help determine
the best treatment or intervention? The__________sequence. - ANSWER -Evaluate
Identify
Intervene
The evaluate-identify-intervene sequence should be continued until - ANSWER -The
child is stable
The primary assessment includes the ABCDE approach.
What does it assess? - ANSWER -Airway, breathing, circulation, disability, and
exposure
How is the airway assessed? - ANSWER -Determining if the airway is open/patent
In the primary assessment, how should you open the airway of a child who is not
suspected of having a cervical spine injury? - ANSWER -With a head tilt-chin lift
In infants, the abdomen may move______the chest - ANSWER -more than
What is a characteristic of normal chest rise? - ANSWER -Symmetrical during
inspiration
Where can you check a pulse on an infant and a child? - ANSWER -Infant Brachial
Child Femoral
_______is usually high-pitched breathing during inspiration, whereas________is usually
during expiration. - ANSWER -Stridor
wheezing
Snoring and gurgling are a result of_____airway obstruction. - ANSWER -upper
Oxygen saturation less than_____indicates low
oxygen saturation, which is known as hypoxemia. - ANSWER -94%
Pulse oximetry indicates oxygen______but not oxygen delivery. - ANSWER -saturation
Determine the respiratory rate by counting the number of times the chest rises
in______seconds and multiplying
by - ANSWER -30
2
Tachypnea is often the first sign of respiratory_______in infants - ANSWER -distress
,Conditions that______air resistance lead to increased
respiratory______ - ANSWER -increase
effort
What are signs of increased respiratory effort that can lead to fatigue and respiratory
failure? - ANSWER -Head bobbing
Seesaw respirations
Retractions
Nasal flaring
Hypotension for children 1 to 10 years of age is a systolic blood pressure of less than -
ANSWER -70 mm Hg + (2 × the age in years)
Automated blood pressure cuffs may provide______readings when the child is in shock.
- ANSWER -inaccurately high
What does a prolonged capillary refill time indicate? - ANSWER -Low cardiac output
Normal capillary refill time is_____second(s) or less. - ANSWER -2
What is the preferred technique for infant compressions when there are 2 or more
rescuers present? - ANSWER -2 thumb-encircling hands technique
What pulses should be assessed to monitor systemic perfusion in a child? - ANSWER -
Peripheral and central
What do weak central pulses indicate a need for immediate intervention to prevent? -
ANSWER -Cardiac arrest
When oxygen delivery to the extremities becomes inadequate, the______and_____are
the first to exhibit signs - ANSWER -hands
feet
What should be used to assess skin temperature? - ANSWER -The back of the hand
If pupils do not_____in response to bright light, consider increased_____pressure. -
ANSWER -constrict
intracranial
If____is not identified and treated immediately, it can result in____injury. - ANSWER -
hypoglycemia
brain
What are the 4 indicators of the AVPU scale that are used to determine
responsiveness? - ANSWER -Alert
, Responds to voice
Responds to pain
Unresponsive
If the child does not respond to voice, assess the child's response to - ANSWER -pain
What does the mnemonic SAMPLE stand for? - ANSWER -S
Signs and symptoms
A
Allergies
M Medications
P
• Past medical history
L
Last meal
E
Events leading up to illness/injury
Which component of SAMPLE assesses immunization status? - ANSWER -Past
medical history
What should you look for when exposing the child? - ANSWER -Bruising
Purpura
Bleeding
What are some examples of diagnostic assessments? - ANSWER -Venous blood gas
(VBG)
Arterial blood gas (ABG)
Hemoglobin concentration
What dictates the timing of diagnostic assessments? - ANSWER -Clinical situation
What should be included in the history when asking about medications? - ANSWER -
Current prescribed medications
Over-the-counter medications
If pupils do not_____in response to bright light,
consider increased____pressure. - ANSWER -constrict
intracranial
What is the best example of the Team Leader role? - ANSWER -Models excellent team
behavior
What is the best example of a team member role? - ANSWER -Committed to success
