The Importance Of Energy Transferred In And Between Organisms
Energy transfer is an important mechanism in the process of photosynthesis.
Photosynthesis is a process where energy from light is used to make glucose from
water and carbon dioxide. The light energy is converted to chemical energy in the
form of glucose. Energy is stored in the glucose until the plants release it by
respiration. It is important because plants need energy for things like respiration and
active transport to take in minerals via their roots, DNA replication, cell division and
protein synthesis. Light energy is absorbed from the sun by photosystems in the
thylakoid membranes in plant cells. This excites the electrons in the chlorophyll,
causing them to pass an electron to an acceptor at the start of an electron transport
chain, a process called photoionization. They pass down a series of electron carriers
in redox reactions and the energy is used to combine ADP with Pi to form ATP. This
is called photophosphorylation. Photolysis of water by light splits water into protons,
electrons, and oxygen. This produces reduced NADP. CO2 enters through the
stomata and the enzyme RUBISCO catalyses the formation of 2 molecules of
glycerate-3-phosphate from CO2 and RUBP. G3P is reduced to TP using reduced
NADP and the energy from ATP. TP can be regenerated to form RUBP and can also
be converted to useful organic substances such as glucose. In photosynthesis, light
energy from the sun is converted into chemical energy in the form of glucose. Some
of the energy from released electrons is used to add a phosphate group to ADP to
form ATP and the H released is used to reduce NADP to from reduced NADP.
Energy is not made or destroyed therefore energy needs to be transferred in and
between organisms. Energy is transferred through the living organisms of an
ecosystem when organisms eat other organisms. At each trophic level, there is a
loss of energy between organisms and their environment. Firstly, not all the light
energy that strikes chlorophyll is the right wavelength and not all the light energy
strikes the chlorophyll molecule, so energy is lost between the sun and the producer.
Energy is lost between consumers as not all the organism is eaten. For example, the
roots in plants or the bones of an animal. Not all organisms can be digested for
example cellulose in plants is excreted, energy is lost in faeces. Energy is also lost
between an organism and its environment due to respiration and maintenance of
body temperature but also by movement. Energy is transferred between consumers,
producers, and their environment. Most farming practices aim to increase the
amount of energy that is available for human consumption. This means increases in
the net primary production of crops and the net production of livestock. This can be
Energy transfer is an important mechanism in the process of photosynthesis.
Photosynthesis is a process where energy from light is used to make glucose from
water and carbon dioxide. The light energy is converted to chemical energy in the
form of glucose. Energy is stored in the glucose until the plants release it by
respiration. It is important because plants need energy for things like respiration and
active transport to take in minerals via their roots, DNA replication, cell division and
protein synthesis. Light energy is absorbed from the sun by photosystems in the
thylakoid membranes in plant cells. This excites the electrons in the chlorophyll,
causing them to pass an electron to an acceptor at the start of an electron transport
chain, a process called photoionization. They pass down a series of electron carriers
in redox reactions and the energy is used to combine ADP with Pi to form ATP. This
is called photophosphorylation. Photolysis of water by light splits water into protons,
electrons, and oxygen. This produces reduced NADP. CO2 enters through the
stomata and the enzyme RUBISCO catalyses the formation of 2 molecules of
glycerate-3-phosphate from CO2 and RUBP. G3P is reduced to TP using reduced
NADP and the energy from ATP. TP can be regenerated to form RUBP and can also
be converted to useful organic substances such as glucose. In photosynthesis, light
energy from the sun is converted into chemical energy in the form of glucose. Some
of the energy from released electrons is used to add a phosphate group to ADP to
form ATP and the H released is used to reduce NADP to from reduced NADP.
Energy is not made or destroyed therefore energy needs to be transferred in and
between organisms. Energy is transferred through the living organisms of an
ecosystem when organisms eat other organisms. At each trophic level, there is a
loss of energy between organisms and their environment. Firstly, not all the light
energy that strikes chlorophyll is the right wavelength and not all the light energy
strikes the chlorophyll molecule, so energy is lost between the sun and the producer.
Energy is lost between consumers as not all the organism is eaten. For example, the
roots in plants or the bones of an animal. Not all organisms can be digested for
example cellulose in plants is excreted, energy is lost in faeces. Energy is also lost
between an organism and its environment due to respiration and maintenance of
body temperature but also by movement. Energy is transferred between consumers,
producers, and their environment. Most farming practices aim to increase the
amount of energy that is available for human consumption. This means increases in
the net primary production of crops and the net production of livestock. This can be
