NUR 504 Exam 3 Practice Questions and
Correct Answers
Mechanism/manifestation of congenital infections ✅-transplacental
-IUGR
-LBW
-congenital malformations
-fetal loss
-still birth
(anomalies/loss/syndromes)
Mechanism/manifestation of perinatal infections ✅-exposure to ano-genital
secretions/blood
-meningitis
-septicemia
-pneumonia
-PTL (?)
(illnesses)
Mechanism/manifestations of postnatal/neonatal infections ✅-direct contact
-breast feeding
-nosocomial exposure
-meningitis
-septicemia
-conjunctivitis
-pneumonitis
(illnesses)
Maternal effects of infections ✅-SAB
-PROM
-PTL
-PP endometriosis
-sepsis
-III -> infertility
III ✅Intrauterine Infection and Inflammation
Fetal effects of infections ✅-LBW
-preterm birth
-IUGR
-congenital infection/anomalies
,-neuro delays
-IUFD
Torches ✅Toxoplasmosis
Other (Hep B, HIV, VZV, parvo, B19)
Rubella
Cytomegalovirus
Herpes
Syphilis
Torches presentation ✅-all similar
-flu like symptoms in mom
-significant cause of fetal/neonatal fatality
Toxoplasmosis transmission and maternal presentation ✅-transmitted through soil,
vegetables, uncooked meat, cat litter
-seems like flu for mom
Toxoplasmosis fetal effects ✅SAB
IUGR
Hydro/microcephalus
Chorioretinitis
Intracranial calcifications
Seizures
Developmental delays
Hep B ✅-vertically transmitted through BBF (not placenta)
-abdominal pain, jaundice, fever, rash, joint pain, PTL
Hep B treatment ✅-primary prevention
-screening all pregnant women
-vaccinate all newborns, 1 mo and 6 mo
-if mom is positive - hbig and vaccine
HIV / AIDS transmission ✅-vertical transmission
-transmitted through placenta, during birth, breastfeeding, sexual contact, sharing
needles, blood
HIV/AIDS treatment ✅-antiretrovirals during 2nd/3rd trimester and labor and for first 6
weeks for newborn
-c/s
-no breastfeeding
-avoid amniocentesis, chorionic villus sampling, cordocentesis
VZV transmission/maternal effects ✅-chickenpox
, -transmitted through placenta, droplet, or direct contact
-PTL
-encephalitis
-pneumonia (can be fatal)
VZV treatment ✅-vaccinate all family members
-pregnant women cannot receive live vaccine - give PP
VZV perinatal impact ✅-congenital varicella syndrome (limb hypoplasia, cutaneous
scars, chorioretinitis, cataracts, microcephaly, IUGR)
Parvovirus ✅-crossing placenta
-respiratory transmission
-preschool aged kids are good vectors
-distinct rash (red cheeks -> acute papules)
-arthritic symptoms
-good maternal outcomes
-can be fatal for fetus
Rubella transmission/maternal effects ✅-placenta
-droplet
-direct contact
-rash
-fever
-malaise
-vaccinate but not during pregnancy
Rubella fetal effects ✅Congenital Rubella Syndrome
-hearing impairment
-developmental delays
-cataracts
-cardiac defects
-IUGR
-microcephaly
Cytomegalovirus transmission/maternal effects ✅-placenta
-contact with BBF
-mild effect
-fever
-most of us have been exposed to this - bad when mom is exposed to this for the first
time while pregnant
Cytomegalovirus treatment ✅-if already has been infected, no treatment
-primary prevention
-cmig passive immunity
Correct Answers
Mechanism/manifestation of congenital infections ✅-transplacental
-IUGR
-LBW
-congenital malformations
-fetal loss
-still birth
(anomalies/loss/syndromes)
Mechanism/manifestation of perinatal infections ✅-exposure to ano-genital
secretions/blood
-meningitis
-septicemia
-pneumonia
-PTL (?)
(illnesses)
Mechanism/manifestations of postnatal/neonatal infections ✅-direct contact
-breast feeding
-nosocomial exposure
-meningitis
-septicemia
-conjunctivitis
-pneumonitis
(illnesses)
Maternal effects of infections ✅-SAB
-PROM
-PTL
-PP endometriosis
-sepsis
-III -> infertility
III ✅Intrauterine Infection and Inflammation
Fetal effects of infections ✅-LBW
-preterm birth
-IUGR
-congenital infection/anomalies
,-neuro delays
-IUFD
Torches ✅Toxoplasmosis
Other (Hep B, HIV, VZV, parvo, B19)
Rubella
Cytomegalovirus
Herpes
Syphilis
Torches presentation ✅-all similar
-flu like symptoms in mom
-significant cause of fetal/neonatal fatality
Toxoplasmosis transmission and maternal presentation ✅-transmitted through soil,
vegetables, uncooked meat, cat litter
-seems like flu for mom
Toxoplasmosis fetal effects ✅SAB
IUGR
Hydro/microcephalus
Chorioretinitis
Intracranial calcifications
Seizures
Developmental delays
Hep B ✅-vertically transmitted through BBF (not placenta)
-abdominal pain, jaundice, fever, rash, joint pain, PTL
Hep B treatment ✅-primary prevention
-screening all pregnant women
-vaccinate all newborns, 1 mo and 6 mo
-if mom is positive - hbig and vaccine
HIV / AIDS transmission ✅-vertical transmission
-transmitted through placenta, during birth, breastfeeding, sexual contact, sharing
needles, blood
HIV/AIDS treatment ✅-antiretrovirals during 2nd/3rd trimester and labor and for first 6
weeks for newborn
-c/s
-no breastfeeding
-avoid amniocentesis, chorionic villus sampling, cordocentesis
VZV transmission/maternal effects ✅-chickenpox
, -transmitted through placenta, droplet, or direct contact
-PTL
-encephalitis
-pneumonia (can be fatal)
VZV treatment ✅-vaccinate all family members
-pregnant women cannot receive live vaccine - give PP
VZV perinatal impact ✅-congenital varicella syndrome (limb hypoplasia, cutaneous
scars, chorioretinitis, cataracts, microcephaly, IUGR)
Parvovirus ✅-crossing placenta
-respiratory transmission
-preschool aged kids are good vectors
-distinct rash (red cheeks -> acute papules)
-arthritic symptoms
-good maternal outcomes
-can be fatal for fetus
Rubella transmission/maternal effects ✅-placenta
-droplet
-direct contact
-rash
-fever
-malaise
-vaccinate but not during pregnancy
Rubella fetal effects ✅Congenital Rubella Syndrome
-hearing impairment
-developmental delays
-cataracts
-cardiac defects
-IUGR
-microcephaly
Cytomegalovirus transmission/maternal effects ✅-placenta
-contact with BBF
-mild effect
-fever
-most of us have been exposed to this - bad when mom is exposed to this for the first
time while pregnant
Cytomegalovirus treatment ✅-if already has been infected, no treatment
-primary prevention
-cmig passive immunity
