CCDS IBHRE Actual Exam Questions And Correct
Answers Latest Version 2024-2025 A+ Graded
CCDS IBHRE Actual Exam Questions And Correct
Answers Latest Version 2024-2025 A+ Graded
Rheobase - Correct Answer-the lowest point on a strength duration curve at an infinitely
long pulse duration
Chronaxie time - Correct Answer-the pulse width at twice the rheobase value. It
approximates the most efficient stimulation pulse duration
Charge (formula) - Correct Answer-Charge= I(current) x T(time)
Furman's formula - Correct Answer-Energy(microjoules)= I(current)xV(voltage)xT(pulse
width)
Ohms law formula - Correct Answer-Voltage(electromotive force)= I(current/flow of
electrons) x R(resistance to current flow in ohms)
Functional Refractory Period - Correct Answer-the coupling interval which first results in
a measurable degree of delay in impulse conduction
Effective Refractory Period - Correct Answer-the longest coupling interval to be
associated with block
Devices with NO interaction with pacers - Correct Answer-1. microwave oven, 2. CT
scan/Ultrasound 3. X-rays (diagnostic)
Devices that cause transient or 1 beat inhibition - Correct Answer-1. EAS 2. Cellphones
3. Arc Welding 4. airport metal detector 5. TENS 6. Electric appliances such as electric
blanket & power tools
Devices that may damage the pacemaker - Correct Answer-1. MRI 2. Defibrillator 3.
Cardioversion 4. Cautery/RF Ablation 5. Radiation Therapy
Resistance in Series - Correct Answer-Series means the beginning of one resistance is
connected to another
Sum the resistances: R1+R2= total resistance. EX: A LEAD FRACTURE (fractures
INCREASE impedance)
Resistance in Parallel - Correct Answer-Parallel means all the resistances are
connected to the same point.
(R1xR2)/(R1+R2)= total resistance
,CCDS IBHRE Actual Exam Questions And Correct
Answers Latest Version 2024-2025 A+ Graded
EX: LEAD INSULATION DEFECTS (insulation defects DECREASE impedance)
Permanent pacemakers are constant voltage or constant current? - Correct Answer-ALL
permanent pacemakers are constant voltage devices.
SOME temp pacemakers are constant voltage, most are constant current.
LOAD - Correct Answer-Load refers to impedance (or resistance) applied to a circuit.
A system with a SMALL load (low impedance) applied to the circuit is said to be a
constant current device
A system with LARGE load is said to be a constant voltage device
Guidelines for Permanent Pacing - Correct Answer-1. Patient is symptomatic
2. The heart rate is less than 40 bpm
3. Asystole of greater than 3 seconds is documented
NOTE: Pt may be asymptomatic with 2 or 3
Slew Rate - Correct Answer-Slew rate = peak slope of an electrogram
slew rate= change in voltage/ change in time
Normal slew rate in atrium - Correct Answer->.3 V/s
Normal slew rate in ventricle - Correct Answer->.5V/s
Steroid used in electrodes - Correct Answer-dexamethasone sodium phosphate in the
silicone core(a corticosteriod)
Steroid-Eluting Electrodes - Correct Answer-1. The acute threshold is relatively flat
compared to non-steroid electrodes
2. The initial capture threshold is similar to non-steroid leads
Silicone Rubber lead insulation Pros - Correct Answer-1. Can easily be repaired
2. Flexible
3. Proven performance history
4. Easy to make
Silicone Rubber lead insulation cons - Correct Answer-1. high friction coefficient
2. Absorbs lipids
3. More thrombogenic and fibrotic
4. Cuts easily
, CCDS IBHRE Actual Exam Questions And Correct
Answers Latest Version 2024-2025 A+ Graded
5. Tears easily if suture tied too tightly
6. Large diameter
Polyurethane 80A - Correct Answer-BAD
Polyurethane 55D - Correct Answer-GOOD
polyurethane lead insulation pros - Correct Answer-1. relatively
nonthrombogenic/fibrotic
2. thin walls
3. high tear friction
4. resists cutting
5. low friction coefficient
polyurethane lead insulation cons - Correct Answer-1. cannot be repaired
2. relatively stiff
3. hard to make
Pacemaker Syndrome Causes - Correct Answer-1. Loss of AV synchrony
2. Sustained retrograde conduction
3. A single ventricular rate when rate modulation is required for exercise
Approx 25% of patients only paced from the ventricle may have some level of severity
related to pacemaker syndrome
Pacemaker syndrome diagnosis - Correct Answer-1. Observe fluctuation in the
peripheral blood pressure
2. Cannon "A" wave in the neck
3. History alone
Pacemaker syndrome management - Correct Answer-Restore AV synchrony
in ventricular only PM -->lower the pacing rate to minimize ventricular only pacing
DO NOT increase the pacing rate
Fallback - Correct Answer-1. Decouples atrial & ventricular events at the upper rate limit
2. The ventricular inhibited pacing rate then gradually decrements to a programmed
lower or "fallback" rate over a programmed duration
3. When the fallback rate is reached, atrial synchrony is restored
Rate smoothing - Correct Answer-1. Eliminated large cycle to cycle variations by
preventing paced rate from changing more than a certain percentage (3%, 6%, 12%,
etc) from one V-V interval to the next
2. Eliminates large fluctuations in rate during fixed-ratio or psuedo-Wenckebach block
FOUND IN GDT devices
Answers Latest Version 2024-2025 A+ Graded
CCDS IBHRE Actual Exam Questions And Correct
Answers Latest Version 2024-2025 A+ Graded
Rheobase - Correct Answer-the lowest point on a strength duration curve at an infinitely
long pulse duration
Chronaxie time - Correct Answer-the pulse width at twice the rheobase value. It
approximates the most efficient stimulation pulse duration
Charge (formula) - Correct Answer-Charge= I(current) x T(time)
Furman's formula - Correct Answer-Energy(microjoules)= I(current)xV(voltage)xT(pulse
width)
Ohms law formula - Correct Answer-Voltage(electromotive force)= I(current/flow of
electrons) x R(resistance to current flow in ohms)
Functional Refractory Period - Correct Answer-the coupling interval which first results in
a measurable degree of delay in impulse conduction
Effective Refractory Period - Correct Answer-the longest coupling interval to be
associated with block
Devices with NO interaction with pacers - Correct Answer-1. microwave oven, 2. CT
scan/Ultrasound 3. X-rays (diagnostic)
Devices that cause transient or 1 beat inhibition - Correct Answer-1. EAS 2. Cellphones
3. Arc Welding 4. airport metal detector 5. TENS 6. Electric appliances such as electric
blanket & power tools
Devices that may damage the pacemaker - Correct Answer-1. MRI 2. Defibrillator 3.
Cardioversion 4. Cautery/RF Ablation 5. Radiation Therapy
Resistance in Series - Correct Answer-Series means the beginning of one resistance is
connected to another
Sum the resistances: R1+R2= total resistance. EX: A LEAD FRACTURE (fractures
INCREASE impedance)
Resistance in Parallel - Correct Answer-Parallel means all the resistances are
connected to the same point.
(R1xR2)/(R1+R2)= total resistance
,CCDS IBHRE Actual Exam Questions And Correct
Answers Latest Version 2024-2025 A+ Graded
EX: LEAD INSULATION DEFECTS (insulation defects DECREASE impedance)
Permanent pacemakers are constant voltage or constant current? - Correct Answer-ALL
permanent pacemakers are constant voltage devices.
SOME temp pacemakers are constant voltage, most are constant current.
LOAD - Correct Answer-Load refers to impedance (or resistance) applied to a circuit.
A system with a SMALL load (low impedance) applied to the circuit is said to be a
constant current device
A system with LARGE load is said to be a constant voltage device
Guidelines for Permanent Pacing - Correct Answer-1. Patient is symptomatic
2. The heart rate is less than 40 bpm
3. Asystole of greater than 3 seconds is documented
NOTE: Pt may be asymptomatic with 2 or 3
Slew Rate - Correct Answer-Slew rate = peak slope of an electrogram
slew rate= change in voltage/ change in time
Normal slew rate in atrium - Correct Answer->.3 V/s
Normal slew rate in ventricle - Correct Answer->.5V/s
Steroid used in electrodes - Correct Answer-dexamethasone sodium phosphate in the
silicone core(a corticosteriod)
Steroid-Eluting Electrodes - Correct Answer-1. The acute threshold is relatively flat
compared to non-steroid electrodes
2. The initial capture threshold is similar to non-steroid leads
Silicone Rubber lead insulation Pros - Correct Answer-1. Can easily be repaired
2. Flexible
3. Proven performance history
4. Easy to make
Silicone Rubber lead insulation cons - Correct Answer-1. high friction coefficient
2. Absorbs lipids
3. More thrombogenic and fibrotic
4. Cuts easily
, CCDS IBHRE Actual Exam Questions And Correct
Answers Latest Version 2024-2025 A+ Graded
5. Tears easily if suture tied too tightly
6. Large diameter
Polyurethane 80A - Correct Answer-BAD
Polyurethane 55D - Correct Answer-GOOD
polyurethane lead insulation pros - Correct Answer-1. relatively
nonthrombogenic/fibrotic
2. thin walls
3. high tear friction
4. resists cutting
5. low friction coefficient
polyurethane lead insulation cons - Correct Answer-1. cannot be repaired
2. relatively stiff
3. hard to make
Pacemaker Syndrome Causes - Correct Answer-1. Loss of AV synchrony
2. Sustained retrograde conduction
3. A single ventricular rate when rate modulation is required for exercise
Approx 25% of patients only paced from the ventricle may have some level of severity
related to pacemaker syndrome
Pacemaker syndrome diagnosis - Correct Answer-1. Observe fluctuation in the
peripheral blood pressure
2. Cannon "A" wave in the neck
3. History alone
Pacemaker syndrome management - Correct Answer-Restore AV synchrony
in ventricular only PM -->lower the pacing rate to minimize ventricular only pacing
DO NOT increase the pacing rate
Fallback - Correct Answer-1. Decouples atrial & ventricular events at the upper rate limit
2. The ventricular inhibited pacing rate then gradually decrements to a programmed
lower or "fallback" rate over a programmed duration
3. When the fallback rate is reached, atrial synchrony is restored
Rate smoothing - Correct Answer-1. Eliminated large cycle to cycle variations by
preventing paced rate from changing more than a certain percentage (3%, 6%, 12%,
etc) from one V-V interval to the next
2. Eliminates large fluctuations in rate during fixed-ratio or psuedo-Wenckebach block
FOUND IN GDT devices
