NR 565 Advanced Pharmacology
Fundamentals Midterm Exam Review
Study Guide Latest 2024 Chamberlain
1. Which of the following is the most prudent first-line treatment
choice for an otherwise well toddler with AOM who requires
antimicrobial therapy?
a) Ceftibuten
b) Amoxicillin (Correct)
c) Cefuroxime
d) Azithromycin
2. Most AOM is caused by:
a) Certain gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria and
select respiratory viruses (Correct)
b) Atypical bacteria and pathogenic fungi
c) Rhinovirus and methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus
d) Predominately beta-lactamase-producing organisms
3. The incidence of AOM in children has decreased in the past
decade in part because of:
, a) Earlier detection and treatment
b) More effective treatment options
c) An increase in select vaccination use (Correct)
d) Lower rates of viral infections
4. Which of the following represents the best choice of clinical
agents for a child with AOM who has had a history of penicillin
allergy and requires antimicrobial therapy?
a) Ciprofloxacin
b) Cefdinir (Correct)
c) Amoxicillin
d) Trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (TMP-SMX)
5. Which of the following does not represent a risk factor for
recurrent AOM in younger children?
a) Pacifier use after age 10 months
b) History of first episode of AOM before age 3 months
c) Exposure to secondhand smoke
d) Beta-lactam allergy (Correct)
6. The main risk factor for AOM in infants is:
a) Undiagnosed dairy allergy
b) Eustachian tube dysfunction (Correct)
, c) Cigarette smoke exposure
d) Use of soy-based infant formula
7. In the treatment of AOM in the child, which of the following
antimicrobial agents is most effective against Streptococcus
pneumoniae?
a) Nitrofurantoin
b) Cefixime
c) Trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (TMP-SMX)
d) Cefuroxime (Correct)
8. A 3-year-old boy with AOM continues to have otalgia and fever
(>39°C) after 3 days of amoxicillin 80 mg/kg/day with an
appropriate dose of clavulanate (Augmentin) therapy. Which of the
following is recommended?
a) Watch and wait while using analgesics
b) Start antimicrobial therapy with oral azithromycin
c) Initiate therapy with oral clindamycin
d) Administer intramuscular ceftriaxone (Correct)
9. Which of the following must be present for the diagnosis of AOM?
More than one can apply.
a) Bulging of the tympanic membrane (TM) (Correct)
, b) TM retraction
c) Otalgia (Correct)
d) Anterior cervical lymphadenopathy
10. Which of the following signs indicate a possible AOM diagnosis in
a preverbal child?
a) Loss of appetite
b) Colic
c) Tugging on the ear (Correct)
d) Fever
11. Which of the following is usually absent in otitis media with
effusion (OME)?
a) Fluid in the middle ear
b) Otalgia (Correct)
c) Fever
d) Itch
12. Which of the following criteria should be met for a child to be
treated for AOM with observation and analgesia but no antimicrobial
therapy? (Choose all that apply).
a) Age greater than 6 months (Correct)
b) Bilateral infection
Fundamentals Midterm Exam Review
Study Guide Latest 2024 Chamberlain
1. Which of the following is the most prudent first-line treatment
choice for an otherwise well toddler with AOM who requires
antimicrobial therapy?
a) Ceftibuten
b) Amoxicillin (Correct)
c) Cefuroxime
d) Azithromycin
2. Most AOM is caused by:
a) Certain gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria and
select respiratory viruses (Correct)
b) Atypical bacteria and pathogenic fungi
c) Rhinovirus and methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus
d) Predominately beta-lactamase-producing organisms
3. The incidence of AOM in children has decreased in the past
decade in part because of:
, a) Earlier detection and treatment
b) More effective treatment options
c) An increase in select vaccination use (Correct)
d) Lower rates of viral infections
4. Which of the following represents the best choice of clinical
agents for a child with AOM who has had a history of penicillin
allergy and requires antimicrobial therapy?
a) Ciprofloxacin
b) Cefdinir (Correct)
c) Amoxicillin
d) Trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (TMP-SMX)
5. Which of the following does not represent a risk factor for
recurrent AOM in younger children?
a) Pacifier use after age 10 months
b) History of first episode of AOM before age 3 months
c) Exposure to secondhand smoke
d) Beta-lactam allergy (Correct)
6. The main risk factor for AOM in infants is:
a) Undiagnosed dairy allergy
b) Eustachian tube dysfunction (Correct)
, c) Cigarette smoke exposure
d) Use of soy-based infant formula
7. In the treatment of AOM in the child, which of the following
antimicrobial agents is most effective against Streptococcus
pneumoniae?
a) Nitrofurantoin
b) Cefixime
c) Trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (TMP-SMX)
d) Cefuroxime (Correct)
8. A 3-year-old boy with AOM continues to have otalgia and fever
(>39°C) after 3 days of amoxicillin 80 mg/kg/day with an
appropriate dose of clavulanate (Augmentin) therapy. Which of the
following is recommended?
a) Watch and wait while using analgesics
b) Start antimicrobial therapy with oral azithromycin
c) Initiate therapy with oral clindamycin
d) Administer intramuscular ceftriaxone (Correct)
9. Which of the following must be present for the diagnosis of AOM?
More than one can apply.
a) Bulging of the tympanic membrane (TM) (Correct)
, b) TM retraction
c) Otalgia (Correct)
d) Anterior cervical lymphadenopathy
10. Which of the following signs indicate a possible AOM diagnosis in
a preverbal child?
a) Loss of appetite
b) Colic
c) Tugging on the ear (Correct)
d) Fever
11. Which of the following is usually absent in otitis media with
effusion (OME)?
a) Fluid in the middle ear
b) Otalgia (Correct)
c) Fever
d) Itch
12. Which of the following criteria should be met for a child to be
treated for AOM with observation and analgesia but no antimicrobial
therapy? (Choose all that apply).
a) Age greater than 6 months (Correct)
b) Bilateral infection
