Pharmacology 3145 Exam 1 Questions With Complete
Solutions
*Maximal efficiency Correct Answers It is the maximum effect
a drug can produce in the body. (Figure 5-2 A) Meperidine can
illicit a much higher degree of pain relief at its maximum dose
than Pentazocine could.
*Relative potency Correct Answers How much of the drug you
need to illicit a response in the body. (Figure 5-2 B) You would
need a smaller dose of Morphine to illicit the same response
with Meperidine.
*Therapeutic usefulness VS Therapeutic classification Correct
Answers Usefulness is what is being treated by the drug in
"Layman's term" (decrease blood clotting). Classification is how
the drug acts in the body (anticoagulant)
4 Phases of clinical testing Correct Answers Phase I:
-Subjects: Healthy Volunteers
-Tests: Metabolism, Biologic effect, Pharmacokinetics.
Phase II:
-Subjects: Patients
-Tests: Therapeutic effect, Dosage Range
Phase III:
-Subjects: Patients
-Test: Safety, effectiveness
o Conditional Approval (release to
,market)
Phase IV: Surveillance
Accelerated Renal Drug Excretion Correct Answers Most
important consequence of drug metabolism.
Converts highly lipid-soluble drugs into more hydrophilic
compounds that can be excreted by the kidneys.
ADME: Absorption Correct Answers Is the movement of Drug
form site of admin into the blood. It determines the drug action:
Rate, Amount.
Factors Affecting Absorption:
-Rate of dissolution
-Body Surface Area
-Blood Flow
-Lipid solubility
-pH Partitioning
ADME: Distribution Correct Answers The movement of the
drug through the tissue after absorption.
Factors:
-Blood Flow to tissue
-Exiting the Bloodstream
-Entering the Cell
ADME: Excretion Correct Answers Defined as getting the drug
out of the body.
, Primary organ is the kidneys.
Secondary excretion methods:
-Bile
-Breast milk
-Exhaled air
-Sweat
-Saliva
ADME: Metabolism Correct Answers Alters function and
structure of drugs, foods, and minerals. Most of drug
metabolism occurs in the liver.
Effects of drug metabolism:
-Accelerated renal drug excretion
-Drug inactivation
-Increased therapeutic action
-Activation of prodrugs
-Increased / Decreased toxicity
Administration Correct Answers Is the drug administered
correctly?
-Right Dose
-Route
-Timing
-Patient Adherence
-Medication errors -Right assessment
-Right documentation
-Right evaluation
-Right of patient to education
Solutions
*Maximal efficiency Correct Answers It is the maximum effect
a drug can produce in the body. (Figure 5-2 A) Meperidine can
illicit a much higher degree of pain relief at its maximum dose
than Pentazocine could.
*Relative potency Correct Answers How much of the drug you
need to illicit a response in the body. (Figure 5-2 B) You would
need a smaller dose of Morphine to illicit the same response
with Meperidine.
*Therapeutic usefulness VS Therapeutic classification Correct
Answers Usefulness is what is being treated by the drug in
"Layman's term" (decrease blood clotting). Classification is how
the drug acts in the body (anticoagulant)
4 Phases of clinical testing Correct Answers Phase I:
-Subjects: Healthy Volunteers
-Tests: Metabolism, Biologic effect, Pharmacokinetics.
Phase II:
-Subjects: Patients
-Tests: Therapeutic effect, Dosage Range
Phase III:
-Subjects: Patients
-Test: Safety, effectiveness
o Conditional Approval (release to
,market)
Phase IV: Surveillance
Accelerated Renal Drug Excretion Correct Answers Most
important consequence of drug metabolism.
Converts highly lipid-soluble drugs into more hydrophilic
compounds that can be excreted by the kidneys.
ADME: Absorption Correct Answers Is the movement of Drug
form site of admin into the blood. It determines the drug action:
Rate, Amount.
Factors Affecting Absorption:
-Rate of dissolution
-Body Surface Area
-Blood Flow
-Lipid solubility
-pH Partitioning
ADME: Distribution Correct Answers The movement of the
drug through the tissue after absorption.
Factors:
-Blood Flow to tissue
-Exiting the Bloodstream
-Entering the Cell
ADME: Excretion Correct Answers Defined as getting the drug
out of the body.
, Primary organ is the kidneys.
Secondary excretion methods:
-Bile
-Breast milk
-Exhaled air
-Sweat
-Saliva
ADME: Metabolism Correct Answers Alters function and
structure of drugs, foods, and minerals. Most of drug
metabolism occurs in the liver.
Effects of drug metabolism:
-Accelerated renal drug excretion
-Drug inactivation
-Increased therapeutic action
-Activation of prodrugs
-Increased / Decreased toxicity
Administration Correct Answers Is the drug administered
correctly?
-Right Dose
-Route
-Timing
-Patient Adherence
-Medication errors -Right assessment
-Right documentation
-Right evaluation
-Right of patient to education
